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Tag: "regulators" at biology news

Man and mouse share genome structures

... of genome containing the HOX genes, which are key regulators of development. "In most of the genome, we see short stretches associated with activated histones," Bernstein said. "However, in the HOX regions, we see huge stretches of genome, many thousands of base pairs in length, that are completely covered by...

New Technique for Tracking Gene Regulators

...new way to index the code, to find the placeswhere regulators act ?where the on/off switches are that determinewhich genes are at work in different types of cells under differentconditions,?he said.Previous, individual experiments have identified about 100 places whereCREB binds to DNA and regulates genes in hu...

Yale Scientists Find MicroRNA Regulates Ras Cancer Gene

...s contains sequences encoding microRNAs, important regulators of development, that control processes determining cell type and cell death. "The let-7 microRNA regulates Ras by binding to the message for Ras and likely inhibits translation of the Ras protein," said Slack. "The microRNA does not revert a mutated...

First 'atlas' of key brain genes could speed research on cancer, neurological diseases

...of nerves and related structures.Although the gene regulators were pinpointed using mouse brains, themap applies to the human brain as well. “This is the first systematic mapping of all of the major brain areasthat shows what regulatory genes are expressed in those specificlocations,?said Quifu Ma, PhD, of Dan...

Transgenic plants remove more selenium from polluted soil than wild plants, new tests show

...the GS plants planted in clean soil. Because USDA regulators are scrupulous about experiments involving genetically modified plants in the field, the researchers took great care to minimize the transfer of genes through pollen. "Before we started the study, we took aerial surveys to ensure that no other musta...

50-year-old Mystery Solved: Protein Tags Regulate Key Ion Channel

...dium and calcium to flow in and out and so are key regulators of many fundamental processes in biology. "Ions are the currency of the cellular world," explained Goldstein. "Cells collect some ions, others they discharge. Ions are stored, spent, and exchanged." "Cellular solvency," he added, "the ability to re...

Chemicals in tattoo inks need closer scrutiny

... potential presence of toxic metals will encourage regulators to begin monitoring the tattoo ink industry more closely. There are other problems with unknown compositions of tattoo inks. For example, surgery to remove tattoos is becoming more widespread, and not knowing the composition makes the procedure more...

Medical whistleblowers speak out

...e lessons, says Lenzer, is that "ties between drug regulators and industry may influence new drug approval." Graham said at the roundtable that the FDA was in "a collaborative relationship" with industry, and that the FDA gets money from drug companies through the Prescription Drug User Fee Act "to approve new ...

B cells are required for development of epithelial cancer associated with chronic inflammation

... Cancer Cell identifies B lymphocytes as important regulators of premalignancy associated with chronic inflammation. The results suggest that drugs targeted against B lymphocytes or recruitment of innate immune cells toward premalignant tissue may represent a viable strategy to protect against the development o...

Cancer related gene p53 not regulated as indicated by previous tissue culture research

... new study focuses our attention on the network of regulators of p53 and how they are regulated." "This study c...t not be so important as modifications of negative regulators and co-activators." Many chemotherapeutical drugs used to treat cancer exert their biological effec...

Excess liver gene protects against high-fat diet

...olic genes. "Liver X receptors had emerged as key regulators of cholesterol and lipid metabolism," said Lazar. "The current study elucidates a previously unrecognized role for these liver receptors in the links between diet, serum lipids, and atherosclerosis." Selective modulation of the LXR target genes in l...

Unexpected lock and key mechanism found for the assembly of tumor blood vessels

... receptor-ligand pair previously identified as key regulators of immune cell function puts the finishing touches on newly constructed blood vessels by allowing the two cell layers of blood vessels to recognize and "lock" together. The study, which appears in the June 2005 issue of the Journal of Clinical Inves...

Brain size may depend upon how neural cells are cleaved

...rotrimeric G proteins were very good candidates as regulators of the plane of cell division in neural precursors... known as AGS3 and mPins in mammals -- as upstream regulators of G proteins. The researchers' analyses showed that AGS3 is, indeed, expressed in progenitor cells...

Micro RNAs play role in egg making

...he genes affected by miRNAs shared common roles as regulators of protein manufacturing or turnover. These results suggest that miRNAs tightly control the abundance of proteins throughout the process of oogenesis and fertilization. Using a proteomics tool developed at Carnegie Mellon, the scientists compared ma...

An essential regulator of body weight revealed

...ve long suspected NPY/AgRP neurons to be important regulators of feeding behavior, acting in opposition to POMC neurons to stimulate appetite. But genetic experiments designed to tease out exactly how NPY/AgRP neurons triggered feeding had failed to do show any direct relationship between eating behavior and th...

MicroRNA gene that regulates lifespan found by Yale scientists

...ack. Work is under way to identify other microRNAs regulators and genes they target, to determine where they function and whether they behave the same way in mice, and to see if they are altered in human diseases of aging. ...

Genes involved in biofilms

...Arana has identified two new genes that operate as regulators in the formation process of the biofilm of Staphy...identification of the essential genes and positive regulators of the process. The results showed that a positive regulator known as Pnp (Polynucleotide phosphoryl...

MicroRNA may have fail-safe role in limb development

...large body of evidence indicates this new class of regulators is not something to turn things off in the first place, but a fail-safe," said Clifford Tabin, Ph.D., a professor of genetics at Harvard Medical School and senior author of the research. "You don't want cells in a hindlimb seeing cells that should on...

Yale scientists decipher 'wiring pattern' of cell signaling networks

...nique kinases, representing the majority of master regulators in the yeast cell, were tested separately with the microarrays to determine which proteins were modified by each kinase. From the wealth of information generated by these experiments Snyder's team constructed a complex map of the regulatory networks...

Common molecular 'signature' identified in solid tumors

...re insight into miRNA as an emerging class of gene regulators and may also pave the way for new approaches in diagnosis and treatment. The study appears online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Scientists have only recently begun to understand how important microRNA may be in regulatin...

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