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Tag: "open" at biology news

Nicotine rush hinges on sugar in neurons

...gar is kind of like a hinge. It’s pulling the door open and closed.” Cutting the sugar chains stopped the gate’s operation, according to Chen, who said, “The sugar is critical, in my opinion.” The researchers also found a water molecule deep in the receptor’s core – significant because proteins normal...

Simulations unravel outer membrane transport mechanism

...ding, changing its conformation in ways that would open up enough space for a molecule of vitamin B12 to pass through the barrel. (Click on the link below the image of the system to watch the results of the simulation.) A second simulation exerted a force near the center of gravity of the luminal domai...

Research team identifies new Alzheimer's gene

...osition of this data set in the public domain will open a new era in Alzheimer research. When a scientist suspects a particular gene or pathway maybe implicated in Alzheimer’s disease, they will use these data to see if there is genetic evidence supporting their idea. Reviewing these data in an hour will...

Migration alert -- How tumor cells home in on the lymphatic system

...of functional lymphatics. This research could open new avenues for combating metastasis, says Swartz. “It implies that if a lymphatic was blocked, tumor cells would be less attracted to it. This means that tumor cells “know” which lymphatic vessels will be more effective routes for dissemination,” s...

Study shows lizard moms dress their children for success

...Aggressive orange males spend a lot of time in the open and need stripes to help them escape from predators (the optical effect of stripes on fast-moving prey makes them hard to catch). But the genes that control behavior and back pattern are not linked, so a lizard could end up with a mismatch that w...

Plastic that grows on trees

...hang said. “The key is to take advantage of the open form to perform a hydride transfer through which glucose is converted to fructose.” Zhang’s next step is to tinker with ionic solvents and metal halides combinations to see if he can increase HMF yield from glucose while reducing separation and pu...

Staphylococcus aureus hides out in cells

...low to avoid detection. New research in the online open access journal BMC Genomics shows how S. aureus makes itself at home in human lung cells for up to two weeks. A team of 12 researchers from University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland and the Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK set out to uncover...

The kapok connection -- Study explains rainforest similarities

... the process. When the seed pods ripen, they break open to reveal fluffy fibers that are used to stuff pillows and mattresses. The seeds, which are about the size of a sunflower seed, are buoyant and able to float down rivers along which the colossal trees grow. Dick and colleagues investigated which o...

Gene therapy study shows safety and statistically significant improvement in Parkinson's disease

...lls for any adult neurodegenerative disease. The open label Phase 1 study, conducted in 12 patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease demonstrated both a lack of adverse events related to the gene therapy procedure and statistically significant improvements from baseline in both clinical symptoms and ab...

Genome of Clostridium botulinum reveals the background to world's deadliest toxin

...ets into a living animal, via contaminated food or open wounds, leading to infant botulism or wound botulism, both of which are serious human infections. The host can be quickly overpowered and, in some cases, killed by the toxin, and C. botulinum has a new food source. "Although in the same group as ...

Avian influenza survivors' antibodies effective at neutralising H5N1 strain

... of researchers. In a study published today in the open access journal PLoS Medicine, the researchers have shown how specific antibodies taken from avian flu survivors in Vietnam can be reproduced in the laboratory and prove effective at neutralising the virus in culture vitro and in mice. The H5N1 influ...

Arctic ice retreating more quickly than computer models project

...ct, are disappearing. In contrast, darker areas of open water, which are expanding, absorb sunlight and increase temperatures. This feedback loop has played a role in the increasingly rapid loss of ice in recent years, which accelerated to 9.1 percent per decade from 1979 to 2006 according to satellite ob...

Amphibians in losing race with environmental change

...e: Many amphibians lay their eggs in shallow, open water in direct sunlight to provide a more oxygenated environment, increase growth rate of larvae and reduce predation. But the increased levels of UV-B radiation in today's sunlight, due to erosion of the Earth's ozone layer, is causing mutations, i...

The sound of proteins

...nomic biology. New research published today in the open access journal Genome Biology describes how researchers have found a way to present human proteins as musical notes. Rie Takahashi and Jeffrey H. Miller from the University of California, Los Angeles, USA, have so far transcribed segments of two hum...

Nitric oxide: Key to cardiovascular and pulmonary function and drug effectiveness

...chers said these findings, if confirmed in humans, open up new avenues for the development of non-desensitizing drugs not only for heart failure and asthma but also for other conditions such as pain and high blood pressure. "We demonstrated that when one of the systems goes awry, so does the other," sa...

Risk of lymphoma increases with hepatitis C virus infection

...e exchange of bodily fluids -- via shared needles, open wounds, and sexual contact, among other means. HCV is also known to cause cirrhosis and liver cancer. "Although the risk of developing lymphomas is small, our research suggests that screening of HCV-infected individuals could identify conditions...

World's leading scientists announce creation of 'Encyclopedia of Life'

...pages of the scientific literature that will offer open access to detailed knowledge. In fact, the BHL now has scanning centers operating in London, Boston, and Washington DC, and has scanned the first 1.25 million pages for the Encyclopedia. "I dream that in a few years wherever a reference to a spec...

High-dose anticlotting drug cuts heart attack, death risk in half

... year, depending on the type of stent used to prop open the clogged coronary artery. To evaluate the effect of the clopidogrel loading dose, researchers from University of Turin and Virginia Commonwealth University, in Richmond, performed a meta-analysis of data from 10 studies involving more than 1,50...

Researchers attach genes to minichromosomes in maize

... for a long time in the plant world, and it should open many new avenues. If we can do this in plants, many advances could be done in agriculture that would not otherwise be possible, from improved crops to inexpensive pharmaceutical production to other applications in biotechnology,?said Birchler, profes...

Dinosaur hearing, listening to muscle noise, quieter cubicles

... offices and into the open-plan setting. While an open environment fosters accessibility, there is a great need for solutions that counteract the acoustical effects of many employees working closely together. Acoustical scientists and engineers are using existing research to develop software that replic...

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