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Tag: "olfactory" at biology news

Ancient olfaction protein is shared by many bugs, offering new pest control target

...nt receptor protein, Or83b, is found in almost all olfactory neurons and serves a general function in detecting odors. When the gene for Or83b is deleted, the flies can't smell. In the new study, Vosshall, in collaboration with researchers from Sentigen Biosciences, showed that the function of Or83b is preser...

Children's taste sensitivity and food choices influenced by taste gene

...f the identification of genes coding for taste and olfactory receptors. We took advantage of this new knowledge to look at how variation in taste genes might relate to the taste likes and dislikes of children and parents." In the study, to be published in the February 2005 issue of Pediatrics, researchers com...

Decoding the logic of olfaction

...and their previous work on the organization of the olfactory system. Whenever you inhale the aroma of vanilla,...t travels to a way station in the brain called the olfactory bulb. Signals from the olfactory bulb, in turn, travel to the brain's olfactory cortex. Information ...

Genpathway and Baylor College of Medicine Identify New Genes in Breast Cancer

...and their previous work on the organization of the olfactory system. Whenever you inhale the aroma of vanilla,...t travels to a way station in the brain called the olfactory bulb. Signals from the olfactory bulb, in turn, travel to the brain's olfactory cortex. Information ...

One gene links newborn neurons with those that die in diseases such as Alzheimer's

...ilar techniques to assess UCHL1 in hippocampus and olfactory bulb neurons in mouse brains, areas where neurons are known to undergo spontaneous replacement. They found markedly low levels of UCHL1 in the replaceable neurons of both these regions. "Low levels of UCHL1 appear to be a feature of replaceable neur...

Researchers discover stem cell 'guide' that may be key for targeting neural stem cell treatments

...he brain's core through mature tissue to reach the olfactory bulb, the "smell" part of the brain located above ...new neurons to settle into the proper areas of the olfactory bulb, thus permitting these neurons to function normally. "Our findings identify one of the first e...

Study shows humans have ability to track odors, much like bloodhounds

... Bekesy used chemicals that stimulate not only the olfactory nerve in the nose, but also a nasal sensory nerve,...g odors based on trigeminal nerve stimulation, not olfactory nerve stimulation. To eliminate this confusion, Porter and Sobel used two odors with minimal trigem...

Can our genes tell the story of our divergence?

...hout mammalian evolution, while the perception and olfactory genes probably reflect primate-specific adaptations. Nielsen et al. also found a "surprising number" of tumor-suppressor and apoptosis genes. The factors behind this pattern are unclear, but the authors suggest that studying the genes' other functio...

For first time, brain cells generated in a dish

...the way, finishing as neurons in a spot called the olfactory bulb. In the laboratory cultures, the cells still move about, but the pathway is no longer important, showing that neurogenesis does not necessarily require the environmental cues of the host brain. The natural development of stem cells in the brai...

Nose odors and mouth odors: The brain distinguishes

...ording to whether the odor was introduced into the olfactory system through the mouth or through the nose. In ...g--which blocks airflow from the mouth through the olfactory system--blocks flavor perception. Releasing the nose restores the sense of flavor in the mouth. "Th...

Fighting malaria by manipulating mosquitoes' sense of smell

...isite sense of smell. The effectiveness of such an olfactory strategy has been demonstrated by a program with t...at attract, repel or simply confuse the mosquito's olfactory system. The pipeline begins with the high-tech genetic engineering and molecular biology laboratori...

Scientists and engineers apply nature's design to human problems

... for the Office of Naval Research on understanding olfactory guidance in crabs. The Navy was interested in this process because it wanted to build autonomous devices with a similar capability, he explained. Then, earlier this year, Yen, Weissburg and Professor of Industrial and Systems Engineering Craig Tove...

Male elephants woo females with precise chemistry

...end of that route - the proteins in the elephants' olfactory systems that receive the signals sent by the sourc... frontalin is bound to the proteins in the various olfactory mucous milieus and transferred to the vomeronasal organ, where it's sensed as a pheromone," Greenwoo...

New study examines how sense of smell affects mating and aggression in mice

...r. "Understanding how mice process cues from the olfactory system--which regulates the sense of smell--should...and aggressive behaviors triggered by the rodent's olfactory system. The findings are published in the December issue of Nature Neuroscience. According to Sh...

Neurons generated in the adult brain learn to respond to novel stimuli

New brain cells that develop in the olfactory system of adult mice appear to play a role in the ...ain different from that of older neurons. The new olfactory neurons are especially sensitive to novel stimuli, preferentially learning to respond to new odors. ...

Team led by Carnegie Mellon University scientist finds first evidence of a living memory trace

...sidered the invertebrate equivalent of the brain's olfactory bulb. Team member Marcel Weidert placed fluorescent probes within different glomeruli, and imaged their activity using dyes sensitive to the opening and closing of calcium channels on neurons. The scientists created an imaging grid across the glomeru...

How Fruitflies Know It's Time for Lunch

...ng the fruitfly Drosophila have traced the path of olfactory signals beginning with chemical receptors in the m..., a mushroom-shaped cluster of neurons involved in olfactory processing. Less is known about the gustatory signals, which begin both in the mouth and in the phar...

Olfactory system detects pheromones that control reproduction

...uspected.The new studies demonstrate that the main olfactory epithelium, which was presumed to be mostly involv...t to determine whether sensory neurons in the main olfactory epithelium and the VNO were connected to neurons in the brain that synthesize luteinizing hormone re...

The brain is broadly wired for reproduction

...ns in the brain that process signals from both the olfactory and vomeronasal systems, said Buck. In mice and other mammals, the olfactory and vomeronasal systems are distinct pathways for sensing chemicals in the environment. While the ma...

Worms know bad food when they smell it

...iments, it was clear that the worms modified their olfactory preferences to avoid toxic bacteria ?but it was no...a." That aversion is triggered by signals that the olfactory system sends to the brain. Similar forms of learning have been observed in a broad range of animals,...

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