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Tag: "neuroscientists" at biology news

Researchers make surprise discovery that some neurons can transmit three signals at once

Generations of neuroscientists have been indoctrinated into believing that our senses, thoughts, feelings and movements are orchestrated by a communication network of brain cells, or neurons, each responsible for relaying one specific chemical message called a neurotransmitter. Ei...

Molecular thermometers on skin cells detect heat and camphor

... nose, and mouth. In recent years, biologists and neuroscientists have been trying to discover the basic molecules and mechanisms that underlie this complicated communication system that is our senses, and one group of researchers from The Scripps Research Institute and the Genomics Institute of the Novartis Resear...

Unlike other mammals, newborn dolphins and orcas stay active 24/7 during first months of development

...eer-reviewed journal Nature, UCLA/Veterans Affairs neuroscientists report a developmental pattern in bottlenose dolphins and killer whales that is unique from other mammals, with calves of both species active 24 hours a day during their first month. The mother also has minimal sleep during this period, but unlike a...

Bees, Brains and Addiction

...eward. His discovery is one of many that renowned neuroscientists in La Jolla have conveyed in non-technical language to students, teachers and other non-scientists in San Diego through a neuroscience educational outreach program called "Grey Matters," initiated last fall by UCSD's Division of Biological Sciences a...

TGen awarded $7.1 million to accelerate brain disease research

...ity and expertise to serve the entire community of neuroscientists funded by NIH institutes. The application of genomic technologies in neuroscience is an important step in the development of future therapies for diseases and disorders of the nervous system," said Dr. Thomas Miller, Program Director of Extramural Re...

Gifts from the sea

... nerve cell fiber, called a giant axon, has helped neuroscientists understand basic nervous system functions. MBL scientists studying squid have learned how electrical signals are transmitted from cell to cell, how nutrients and other important particles are transferred from cell to cell, and how certain cells maint...

3D Atlas Will Help Navigate The Spinal Cord

...n, monkey, rat and mouse brains used world-wide by neuroscientists in all areas. As a geographic map to a traveller, a map of the spinal cord is needed by scientists studying the spinal cord of humans. Currently the principal animal for spinal cord injury research is the rat. There is no comprehensive and accurate ...

What Makes The Brain Tick, Tick, Tick: Researchers Gaining New Insights Into Brain's Internal Clock

The brain is a "time machine," assert Duke neuroscientists Catalin Buhusi and Warren Meck. And understanding how the brain tracks time is essential to understanding all its functions. The brain's internal clocks coordinate a vast array of activities from communicating, to orchestrating movement, to getting f...

Researchers use brain scans to predict behavior

... volunteers preparing to play a brief visual game, neuroscientists at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have found they can predict whether the volunteers will succeed or fail at the game. "Before we present the task, we can use brain activity to predict with about 70 percent accuracy whether t...

Brains response to visual stimuli helps us to focus on what we should see, rather than all there is to see

... And this makes sense, explained Callaway, because neuroscientists were puzzled as to why so many neurons were needed...works." Callaway says the study demonstrates that neuroscientists "are really getting down to real nuts and bolts of cell type specificity, meaning that different typ...

Penn study finds direct role for glial cells in brain cross-talk

...s and epileptic seizures. "This finding may cause neuroscientists to radically alter their view of the role of astrocytes as merely supportive to one of actively communicating with and instructing neurons," states senior author Philip G. Haydon, PhD, Professor of Neuroscience. "Astrocytes are not just the 'kitchen...

Team led by Carnegie Mellon University scientist finds first evidence of a living memory trace

...rch, done with honeybees sensing new odors, allows neuroscientists to peer within the living brain and explore short-term memory as never before, according to scientist Roberto Fernández Galán, a leading author on the report who is currently a postdoctoral research associate at Carnegie Mellon University. Capturin...

Animal models show that anabolic steroids flip the adolescent brain's switch for aggression

...teroids step on the gas for agression." Thus, the neuroscientists conclude that the aggressiveness triggered by anabolic steroids, although reversible, may last long enough to create serious behavioral problems for adults. Because this part of the rodent and human nervous systems are similar, researchers generaliz...

Manipulating single cell receptor alters animal behavior

...ation of the findings may alter the way behavioral neuroscientists think about sub-cellular underpinnings of mammalian behavior, according to the researchers. The study, "Divergent Behavioral Roles of Angiotensin Receptor Intracellular Signaling Cascades," was published in the journal Endocrinology (Vol. 146, No. ...

'Word-vision' brain area confirmed

... 6000 years ago--long after humans evolved. Thus, neuroscientists have hotly debated whether an area of the cortex called the Visual Word Form Area (VWFA) is truly a specific and necessary area for recognizing words. Functional MRI scans have shown that the area specifically activates when people read, as opposed ...

Protein receptor cools passion of 'kiss and run' nerve cells

...ss a synapse to a receptive nerve cell. A team of neuroscientists led by University of Illinois at Chicago biology professor Simon Alford report the finding in the March 14 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. "Until recently, the neuroscience field was solidly behind the idea that these l...

Sex chromosome genes influence aggression andmaternal behavior, say UVa researchers

...enetic basis, according to new research on mice by neuroscientists at the University of Virginia Health System. "The differences in sex chromosomes, XX versus XY, are also responsible for differences in adult behavior," explained Emilie Rissman, PhD, a professor of biochemistry and molecular genetics at UVa, who st...

Queensland scientists identify molecule that links both sides of the brain

...spheres of the adult brain. Using a mouse model, neuroscientists at The University of Queensland ?working with Associate Professor Steven Stacker and his team at the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research in Melbourne ?have identified a molecule that helps control development of the corpus callosum. The corpus cal...

The brain, traffic and nano-circuits -- e-Science takes on major challenges

...utput from investment in brain science by enabling neuroscientists to archive their data so that they can be retrieved and analysed in new ways by others. Environmental impact of traffic Traffic makes a significant contribution to air pollution in inner cities. Governments devise policies and traffic management...

Tastes great! Study shows brain's response to pleasing -- and changing -- tastes

...ember issue of the Journal of Neurophysiology, U-M neuroscientists and psychologists report the findings from direct monitoring of an area of the brain known as the ventral pallidum. Located deep in the brain, it's a kind of traffic center for signals from different areas of the brain that process tastes and pleasur...

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