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Tag: "microbial" at biology news

Small, self-controlled planes combine plant pathology and engineering

...r. He has expanded his interests to explore entire microbial populations in the atmosphere—a type of research h... atmosphere, which we already know is teeming with microbial life.” Although Schmale is not currently conducting his research for the armed forces, his work h...

Microbes at work cleaning up the environment

It may sound counterintuitive to use a microbial protein to improve water quality. But some bacteria are doing just that to protect themselves from potentially toxic nanoparticles in their own environments, and clean up crews of the future could potentially do the same thing on a larger scale. ...

In nature, proteins sweep up nanoparticles

...aggregates, which are produced as a consequence of microbial activity, actually contain a lot of protein,” says Banfield. “This is very interesting because biomineralization has traditionally been thought of as a phenomenon that occurs within a cell, or in contact with it. But in this case, we see an intimate ...

Genome of Clostridium botulinum reveals the background to world's deadliest toxin

...f it gets the opportunity, it hits its host with a microbial sledgehammer. It then eats the remains and lays low until the next host comes along." The genome sequence is peppered with genes that produce enzymes to digest proteins and other animal material in the soil. Also found, uniquely in this species, i...

Early exposure to indoor fungus molecules may protect infants against future allergies

...only appear to occur when there are high levels of microbial exposure," she explains. "Cleaner environments do not have enough microbial components to trigger the immune system response." The UC team reports their findings in the May...

World's leading scientists announce creation of 'Encyclopedia of Life'

...and fungi, the design can be extended to encompass microbial life. To provide depth behind the portal page for each species, the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL), a consortium that holds most of the relevant scientific literature, will scan and digitize tens of millions of pages of the scientific literat...

DOE JGI sets 'gold standard' for metagenomic data analysis

...technology applications embedded in communities of microbial genomes, or metagenomes. The field of metagenomic...of DNA sequencing-based technologies to understand microbial communities through a combination of computational and experimental methods," said Konstantinos Mavr...

MIT's ocean model captures diversity of underwater forests

...esearch project at MIT connecting systems biology, microbial ecology, global biogeochemical cycles and climate. "The guiding principle of our model is that its ecosystems are allowed to self-organize as in the natural world," said Follows, a principal research scientist in MIT's Department of Earth, Atmosp...

Super-fermenting fungus genome sequenced

...iotechnology. P. stipitis is the most proficient microbial fermenter in nature of the five-carbon “wood sugar?xylose—abundant in hardwoods and agricultural leftovers, which represent a motherlode of bioenergy fodder. “Increasing the capacity of P. stipitis to ferment xylose and using this knowledge for im...

Mine runoff continues to provide clues to microbial diversification

...ns that they produce. The technique, utilized in a microbial community thriving in battery acid-like streams un...lif., combines recently developed ways to sequence microbial genes with methods to identify the range of proteins from specific microbial members. Researchers...

Shedding new light on proteorhodopsin

...st efficient forms of the protein, then manipulate microbial genomes through the addition or deletion of key genes. ...

Why doesn't the immune system attack the small intestine?

...at come in regular contact with bacteria and other microbial organisms. The small intestine, for example, which... dendritic cells, which are extremely sensitive to microbial agents such as bacteria, teach T cells to resist attacking healthy intestinal cells." In the new s...

Darwin's famous finches and Venter's marine microbes

...rd to predict the impact the vast amount of marine microbial DNA ?collected during the Sorcerer II Global Ocean...e genetic material between bacteria (also known as microbial sex), are also less frequent in marine environments. "By comparing our findings with the Yooseph...

2,000 influenza virus genomes now completed and publicly accessible

... Eclipsing today’s milestone of 2,000 genomes, the microbial sequencing center will continue to rapidly sequence more influenza strains and isolates and will make all the sequence data freely available to the scientific community and the public through GenBank, an Internet-accessible database of genetic sequen...

Genomics throws species definition in question for microbes

...new knowledge, what exactly is the definition of a microbial species, and how should microbiologists be categor...t is clear that the current system for designating microbial species is somewhat functional, but inadequate in many ways. It is unclear whether this system sho...

Swimming 'to the left' gets bacteria upstream, and may promote infection

...tion in catheterized patients and the incidence of microbial contamination at protected wellheads. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a natural propensity to swim upstream has been discovered and described in bacteria." To study the hydrodynamics of these bacteria in a flow environment, Köser's...

New science of metagenomics 'will transform modern microbiology'

...icroscope -- to revolutionize understanding of the microbial world, says a new report from the National Researc...genomics lets us see into the previously invisible microbial world, opening a frontier of science that was unimaginable until recently," said Jo Handelsman, Howa...

'Hidden-hero' microbes in soil, water may help naturally clean toxic sites

...redict the functioning or metabolism of subsurface microbial groups that catalyze key chemical reactions for contaminant removal from groundwater," he said. "In fact, my FSU group recently isolated a new 'wonderbug,' a metal-reducing bacteria we named Geobacter FRC-32," Kostka added. "The genome of this org...

MIT's ocean model precisely mimics microbes' life cycles

...esearch project at MIT connecting systems biology, microbial ecology, global biogeochemical cycles and climate. "The guiding principle of our model is that its ecosystems are allowed to self-organize as in the natural world," said Follows, a principal research scientist in MIT's Department of Earth, Atmosp...

New UD technology removes viruses from drinking water

...reatment industry is how to simultaneously control microbial pathogens, disinfectants such as chlorine, and tox... the researchers. Of all the inhabitants of the microbial world, viruses are the smallest--as tiny as 10 nanometers. According to the American Society for Mic...

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