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Tag: "mechanical" at biology news

Priming embryonic stem cells to fulfill their promise

...stem cells:soluble growth factors, adjacent cells, mechanical forces, andextracellular matrix proteins that form the support structure of almostall tissues. Bhatia, Chien, and Flaim focused on just one - theextracellular matrix."We kept the other factors constant and developed a miniaturizedtechnique to precise...

“Nano-scissors?laser shows precise surgical capability

...re. Dr.Adela Ben-Yakar, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering atThe University of Texas at Austin, led the development of thetechnique. It acts like a pair of tiny “nano-scissors,?able to cut,for example, nano-sized units like nerve axons, the parts of nervecells that carry nerve impulses away from ...

DNA Recombination and Repair—A New Twist to RecA Function

..., a related energy currency) and transform it into mechanical force. Well-known examples of motors include myosin and dynein, proteins that use ATP to ferry intracellular cargo along fibers made of actin or tubulin proteins. The ATP-dependent assembly of actin or tubulin fibers itself can work as a motor: for i...

The Bacteria's guide to survival

...e responsible. They then showed that an artificial mechanical pull on the host cell membrane could trigger a sig...optosis and cellular response to stress, including mechanical strain on the membrane. Also, a majority of these genes were known to be induced by a family of prot...

UCSD team discovers specialized, rare heart stem cells in newborns

... cardiologists and cardiac surgeons have relied on mechanical devices, human and synthetic tissue grafts, and artificial and animal derived valves to surgically repair heart defects. While progenitor cells won't grow a whole new heart, our research has shown that they can spontaneously become cells from specifi...

Scientists journey to southern Africa to unravel the secret world of elephant communication

...te professor (consulting) of otolaryngology and of mechanical engineering, who studies the biomechanics of the middle ear; and Robert Sapolsky, a professor of biological sciences. O'Connell-Rodwell is particularly interested in the elephant's feet and the trunk, believed to be the primary receptors of low-freq...

Conserved amino acids play both structural and mechanistic roles in sandwich-like protein

...ly, evolution has indeed preserved amino acids for mechanical reasons," Wittung-Stafshede said. "We believe that our discovery is novel and that it gives important new insight into the interplay between protein evolution, structure and folding." The researchers speculate that their conclusions about the azurin...

Penn Researchers Use Robotic Surgery

...aVinci robotic system has three main components: a mechanical robot with three multi-jointed arms; a computer co...ust move his hand to the left in order to move the mechanical device to the right), the daVinci technology affords surgeons the direct, "intuitive" control they e...

Two new retroviruses—transmitted from animals—identified

...aVinci robotic system has three main components: a mechanical robot with three multi-jointed arms; a computer co...ust move his hand to the left in order to move the mechanical device to the right), the daVinci technology affords surgeons the direct, "intuitive" control they e...

Team Invents Device For Weighing Individual Molecules

...g forks ring at their own fundamental frequency of mechanical vibration, although at such a high pitch that the ...hereby lowering its frequency. In other words, the mechanical vibrations of the now slightly-more-massive nanodevice become slightly lower in frequency--just as t...

New method shows it is possible to grow bone for grafts within a patient's body

..."The new bone actually has comparable strength and mechanical properties to native bone," says Molly Stevens, currently a reader at Imperial College in the United Kingdom who did most of the research as a post-doctoral fellow at MIT, "and since the harvested bone is fresh it integrates really well at a recipien...

Modified collagen could yield important medical applications

...oal is to change some of collagen's biochemical or mechanical properties to give it new medical applications. Traditionally, scientists have altered collagen by using intense heat or chemical reactions, techniques that may damage the protein or limit its safe use in humans. Yu's method, however, requires only p...

Unusual antibiotics show promise against deadly 'superbugs'

...oal is to change some of collagen's biochemical or mechanical properties to give it new medical applications. Traditionally, scientists have altered collagen by using intense heat or chemical reactions, techniques that may damage the protein or limit its safe use in humans. Yu's method, however, requires only p...

Motor transport in bio-nano systems

... the chemical energy of a single ATP molecule into mechanical work. In this way, they can utilize the smallest possible amount of fuel. Both filaments and motors can be isolated from biological cells and used to construct biomimetic transport systems. A relatively simple example for such a system consists of f...

Self-assembled DNA buckyballs for drug delivery

...al, constructing geometric shapes and even working mechanical devices. Now Cornell University researchers have ... turn out to have unusual electronic, photonic and mechanical properties, and that because DNA is easily labeled and manipulated, his research group's work offers...

Microscopic brain imaging in the palm of your hand

...endoscopy, combines a pair of powerful optical and mechanical techniques into one device that fits in the palm of the hand. The results appear in the September 1, 2005 issue of Optics Letters, a journal published by the Optical Society of America. Researchers want to image individual cells inside living subjec...

Fundamental discovery -- Bone fracture

... "Before this research, it was well known that the mechanical properties of bone depended on mineral particles and on collagen fibrils," said Hansma. "The picture of bone was that it consisted of these collagen fibrils coated with tiny mineral crystals only a few atoms thick. What we found is that there is a gl...

Nanotubes inspire new technique for healing broken bones

...he body. "Compared with these scaffolds, the high mechanical strength, excellent flexibility and low density of...y in water. "Researchers today are realizing that mechanical mimicry of any material alone cannot succeed in duplicating the intricacies of the human body," Hadd...

K-State professors discover enzyme responsible for creation of a beetle's hard shell

...the beginning stages to analyze quantitatively the mechanical properties of insect cuticles and to perform cuticle protein cross-linking experiments that are catalyzed by insect laccase, Kramer said. KU scientists will test the strength of the synthetic cross-linked biopolymers that are created. This could be u...

Biotechnology's newest chemical tool

...auskas said. He likened the chemical reaction to a mechanical spring, explaining that the chemical energy trapped in AdoMet is sufficient to deliver a small methyl group to its target compound. But delivering a larger compound required an auxiliary "spring" to ensure it would reach the target. So, he said, "che...

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