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Tag: "light" at biology news

FDA sees nanotech challenges in every product category it regulates

...pment items currently used by manufacturers.” “In light of this fast-rising commercialization, FDA needs to make certain that it has the tools, resources and information necessary to ensure the safety of novel products before they enter the market, and to detect and move swiftly to correct any problems th...

Math that powers spam filters used to understand how brain learns to move our muscles

.... Then all the lights were turned off. The spot of light was turned on again and the computer learner was again asked to look at that same spot. The learner’s speed and pattern in adapting its movements matched the experimental results of the monkeys almost perfectly. “We found that this Bayesian model can...

Modeling the restless brain

...y's work on modeling this brain activity sheds new light on how and when these mysterious fluctuations occur and offers insights into what the brain does while idle. "Some people see the brain in terms of inputs and outputs, like a computer. If you provide an input, you'll get a particular output," said...

Brightening prospects of using fluorescent nanotubes in medical applications

... efficiency: the ratio of the number of photons of light that a device emits to the number of photons it ab... Hertel. These factors include: Nanotubes emit light in a very narrow range of wavelengths, or colors. This makes it easier to pick out their signal agai...

'Lucky 13' as new gene discovery offers further hope for childhood blindness

...cture on one end (the outer segment) which detects light and sends signals to the brain, a function requiring a large amount of energy. "LCA is usually a disease where protein function has been lost completely, but carriers of just one copy of the mutation, who will almost certainly have reduced protein...

Bacteria ferry nanoparticles into cells for early diagnosis, treatment

...de the intended therapeutic proteins and emitted a light similar to a firefly's glow," Akin said. Certain bacteria are naturally programmed to dissolve vesicle membranes, a critical step to delivering the cargo. The nanoparticles are referred to as "smart" because they release their cargo at precisely t...

In nature, proteins sweep up nanoparticles

...e, a national user facility that generates intense light for scientific research. Using an imaging tool called Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, the team analyzed the zinc sulfide aggregates and detected the characteristic signal of proteins. Next, to further zero in on this intriguing signal, th...

Research finds that circadian rhythms dominate all life functions

...illates in mice exposed to a constant state of dim light or darkness, the groups of genes that typically oscillate together -- such as genes responsible for the function of an organ or a specific tissue -- are chaotic under this state and don't function as a group. Lack of orchestration can be easily confu...

The mouflons of the Kerguelen archipelago

... study by Denis Réale and his co-workers sheds new light on mechanisms that can regulate this genetic diversity. ...

Scientists close in on missing carbon sink

...aring in Science this week. The study, which sheds light on the so-called missing carbon sink, concludes that intact tropical forests are removing an unexpectedly high proportion of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, partially offsetting carbon entering the air through industrial emissions and deforestati...

New research shows sharks use their noses and bodies to locate smells

... "In addition, we also tested the sharks under two light conditions – fluorescent and infrared – and in two...and search time were not significantly affected by light condition. In the light, lesioning the lateral line increased search time, but did not affect su...

Resistant HIV quickly hides in infants' cells

...nd an area of intense investigation, especially in light of the high rates of antiretroviral drug resistance occurring in infants in low-income countries who received a single dose of an NNRTI for prevention of mother-to-child transmission, and for whom treatment options are few." In an accompanying edi...

Catching cancer's spread by watching hemoglobin

... second) on a blood vessel. The hemoglobin absorbs light from both of these lasers at the same time, in a p...occurs), the researchers remove unwanted scattered light from the data and can get high-quality signals from hemoglobin molecules. To map out the hemogl...

Salk scientists hammer out a pathway that promotes muscle cell survival in mice

...le of this enzyme in muscle cells may someday shed light on the underlying mechanisms of many diseases that affect cell survival, such as muscular dystrophy, neurodegenerative diseases, and congestive heart failure." Montminy’s team, led by postdoctoral researcher Rebecca Berdeaux, Ph.D., first became ...

Does amateur boxing cause brain damage?

...rticular marker for neuronal damage, neurofilament light (NFL), was four times higher in boxers within 10 days of the fight as compared with healthy non-athletes. These increased levels returned to normal after three months rest from boxing. In addition, the increased levels after a fight were signific...

Protein enables discovery of quantum effect in photosynthesis

...m, molecules that efficiently transfer energy from light in a cascade. Photosynthesis transforms light, ...e, said Blankenship. "Most of the absorption of light is carried out by a complex called the chlorosome that then transfers the energy to the trimeric pro...

Amphibians in losing race with environmental change

... for amphibian population declines, including UV-B light exposure, habitat loss, pesticide pollution, infections and other issues," said Andrew Blaustein, a professor of zoology at OSU and one of the world's leading experts on amphibian decline. "But looked at in a different way, it's not just that ther...

Alien plants attack using 'resource conservation' as weapon, researchers say

...ailable resources. The finding, which sheds new light on how invaders achieve success, may change the wa...he plants, the scientists controlled the amount of light reaching the leaf and then measured photosynthesis and water-use rates. Later, they ground up and an...

Corals -- More complex than you?

...amily tree of all living animals and can throw new light on the origin of such complex features as the nerv...ght to have evolved much later?is also casting new light on evolution. It appears that all animals lose genes during evolution; those with fast generation...

Anthrax paralyzes immune cells with lethal toxin, UF research shows

... As a result, immune cells never receive the green light to assemble the actin motor, Southwick's findings demonstrate. "Together, these studies provide important clues about how anthrax escapes the immune system during infection," said Nick Duesbery, Ph.D. deputy director for research operations and se...

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