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Tag: "knockout" at biology news

Scratch no more: Gene for itch sensation discovered

... a little disappointing at first," Chen says. "The knockout mice seemed to have the same reactions to painful ...ehavior in two sets of mice — normal mice and GRPR knockout mice. Normal mice scratched vigorously when exposed to a variety of itch-producing substances, but t...

One species, many genomes

...rotein production or gene regulation rarely suffer knockout hits. Genes that are important for the interaction with other organisms, on the other hand, such as those responsible for defense against pathogens or infections, are much more variable than the average gene. "The genetic variability appears to refle...

Mutating the entire genome

... genes more easily and inexpensively than existing knockout techniques, Wu says. In their study, Wu and Capecchi demonstrated that by using a jumping gene to mutate a mouse gene involved in bone formation, resulting in mutant mice with abnormally short limbs and tail (see photo with this news release)....

Gene that makes people 'early to bed and early to rise' demystified

...es has been based on the Drosophila model and Per2 knockout mice," which lack the Per2 clock gene altogether, added study author Ying-Hui Fu, who is also at UCSF. Based on those studies, "everybody had thought a short or long period depended on a change in protein stability," she said. "That's how we thoug...

Minuscule molecules pack a powerful punch

...hown by study of one of the world’s first microRNA knockout mouse, reported Friday 27 April in Science. The mi...lar vital role. Cells of the immune system in the knockout mice do not work as well as normal cells and the mice develop symptoms similar to those of human aut...

Major link in brain-obesity puzzle found

...n that mice that lack the gene for SH2B1 -- called knockout mice -- become obese, diabetic, and unable to stop...pletely corrected the metabolic disorders that the knockout mice had developed, but also improved the brain cells?ability to respond to leptin signals and produ...

Knockout Mouse Project

...l create the genetic material that will be used to knockout or "inactivate" mouse genes. Scientists at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in Hinxton, England will insert the altered genes into the embryonic stem cells derived from the mice. UC Davis will use the altered embryonic stem cells to create adult...

Neural stem cells lend the brain a surprising capacity for self-repair

...their regenerative potential. "At two weeks, the knockout animals' brains had developed a big hole," said Yuh-Nung Jan, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at the University of California, San Francisco. "We thought that the mice would not live long, but by four weeks, the hole was largely repair...

Proteins anchor memories in our brain

...ecific proteins were missing in the thymus of Aire knockout mice. The team then went on to show that IRBP was...d in the thymus under the control of Aire and that knockout mice lacking the IRBP protein were protected from the disease because they don't express the protein...

Autoimmune disease triggered if T cells miss a single protein early on

...ecific proteins were missing in the thymus of Aire knockout mice. The team then went on to show that IRBP was...d in the thymus under the control of Aire and that knockout mice lacking the IRBP protein were protected from the disease because they don't express the protein...

How blood flow dictates gene expression

... loss of vessel tone as the primary defect in Klf2 knockout mice. Now that Klf2 has been established as an important regulator of blood flow in live animals and is required for the development of a healthy cardiovascular system, the next step is to elucidate the role of Klf2 in normal adult blood vessels ...

Eat less, weigh more? Enzyme makes lean mice 'susceptible' to dietary fat

... weight gain caused by a high-fat diet. So-called knockout mice lacking the CPT1c gene gain more weight than ...o feeding with standard laboratory mouse chow, the knockout mutant mice ate about 25 percent less food than their normal siblings. Therefore, the researchers c...

New pathways for autoimmune treatment identified

... cells in a mouse missing the Aire gene. That Aire knockout is a good model for humans with APS1. They found significantly fewer i NKT cells in the thymus, spleen, liver and bone marrow and severely impaired maturation of those cells in mice missing the Aire gene. And the mice given alpha-GalCer had signif...

Experimental drug reverses key cognitive deficits, pathology in Alzheimer's

...s. In their experiments, the researchers gave the knockout mice eight weeks of daily doses of AF267B and test...mice performed significantly better than untreated knockout mice on the task. Significantly, found the researchers, the poorer performance of the untreated mic...

Hap1 protein links circulating insulin to brain circuits that regulate feeding behavior in mice

...function of the hypothalamus. In experiments with knockout mice in which the Hap1 gene was eliminated, the mice failed to eat after birth. In addition, deleting Hap1 caused degeneration of some neurons in the hypothalamus. In order to find out more about the function of Hap1 and the neural pathways it empl...

Nobelist discovers antidepressant protein in mouse brain

...ut the p11 gene in mice. Compared to control mice, knockout mice had fewer receptors at the cell surface, redu...depression-like. Also, the 5-HT1B receptors of p11 knockout mice were less responsive to serotonin and antidepressant drugs compared to those of control mice, w...

New research demonstrates bone-marrow derived stem cells can reverse genetic kidney disease

...rchers transplanted allogenic bone marrow into the knockout mouse. According to Kalluri, within a period of a...the damaged regions of the kidney glomeruli in the knockout mouse, emerging as healthy renal cells (podocytes and mesangial cells). This led to clear improvemen...

The brain is broadly wired for reproduction

...hen those genes can be used -- for example in gene knockout studies -- to determine what role the neurons play in reproduction and behavior," Buck said. "Understanding how the brain's neural circuitry controls behavior has been largely a black box," she said. "I think that through studies like these we and o...

Sperm stem cells closer to being like embryonic stem cells

... to the rat because it would enable us to generate knockout rats to do genetic studies," said Dr. Kent Hamra, assistant professor of pharmacology at UT Southwestern and lead author of the PNAS study. "It is a larger animal, it's often better for toxicology and physiology studies, and its behavior is more in t...

Gene controls whether fear is a factor

...ly after a shock and later after hearing the tone, knockout mice reacted less strongly, they found, suggesting...atsky said. "This evidence suggests that stathmin knockout mice can be used as a model of anxiety states of mental disorders with innate and learned fear compo...

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