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Tag: "input" at biology news

Old memory traces in brain may trigger chronic pain

...d. “To control it, they tried to stop the sensory input to the brain. ”We are saying there’s a cognitive memory and emotional component in the brain that seems abnormal. Easing that may have a bigger effect on suffering.” Chronic pain is not caused by a single mechanism, Apkarian noted. Sensory abnorm...

Simulations unravel outer membrane transport mechanism

...the barrel in one piece. This required an enormous input of energy, however. “The force that we applied was about 4,000 picoNewtons,” Tajkhorshid said. “This is an order of magnitude higher than that required to induce the unfolding. This clearly indicates that the unplugging mechanism is very unlikely....

New research shows sharks use their noses and bodies to locate smells

...hat sharks require both olfactory and lateral line input for efficient and precise tracking of odor-flavored wakes and that visual input can improve food-finding when lateral line information is not available," said Atema. "Since dogfish...

Want to save polar bears? Follow the ice

...ear experts, and relevant organizations to provide input on the initial direction of the project. Following steps will include synthesizing available and subsequent data into the GIS platform, which can then be used to generate the trends and recommended conservation actions. Findings will be presented in ...

Hexavalent chromium in drinking water causes cancer in lab animals

... The NTP began work on this compound after gaining input from the public and a panel of scientific experts about the study design. ...

Mimicking how the brain recognizes street scenes

...within the model replicate the way neurons process input and output stimuli ?according to neural recordings in physiological labs. Like the brain, the model alternates several times between computations that help build an object representation that is increasingly invariant to changes in appearances of an ...

Using brain scans, researchers find evidence for a two-stage model of human perceptual learning

...r said. "That is where the brain connects physical input to an action or response, deciding what task to do and how to respond to a stimulus." In essence, fMRI was showing that both the higher and lower brain regions had worked together to learn a task, he said. These findings might be helpful in un...

Carnegie Mellon University research shows how sensory-deprived brain compensates

...edator's presence. These stiff hairs relay sensory input to the brain, which shapes neuronal activity. In a...st the brain's plasticity if we 'turn off' sensory input from the opposite side of the body." Hypothetically, in a clinical setting, doctors could tem...

Making mice with enhanced color vision

...read quickly. "If you gave mice a new sensory input at the front end, could their brains learn to make use of the extra data at the back end?" asks Jeremy Nathans M.D., Ph.D., professor of molecular biology and genetics, neuroscience, and ophthalmology at Hopkins. "The answer is, remarkably, yes. They...

Satellites shed light on global warming

...ytoplankton, as they may be providing them with an input of nutrient-rich water from the deep ocean as well as moving them around. These findings are then compared with the effect of waves in models, helping to make the models more realistic, which means better predictions for the future. Cipollini cit...

U of M researchers invent 'flashy' new process to turn soy oil, glucose into hydrogen

... 100 times faster than current technology, with no input of fossil fuels and in reactors at least 10 times smaller than current models. The work could significantly improve the efficiency of fuel production from renewable energy sources. It will be published Nov. 3 in Science. "It's a way to take cheap, w...

Gene linked with mental illness shapes brain region, researchers find

...might indicate that the brain regions that receive input from the pulvinar are more strongly influenced in such individuals, and the pulvinar communicates with brain regions involved in negative emotional issues," said Dr. Dwight German, professor of psychiatry at UT Southwestern and senior author of a stu...

Developing uses for sugar-cane bagasse: Biotechnology applied to the paper industry

...enting the quantity needed for processing, without input of fungus, an extra 4 kg of bagasse). This bioprocess resulted in a 50% saving in energy consumption required for paper pulp refining, compared with that recorded for refining pulp from bagasse that had not been biologically treated. Another benefit ...

Slow brain waves play key role in coordinating complex activity

...hold for neuron firing, making it more likely that input arriving at the critical time will make neurons in...her and time when their output can be sent or when input from another area can be received." To test these hypotheses, Knight and his colleagues teamed up w...

Otherworldly bacteria discovered two miles down

... can sustain themselves indefinitely, given enough input from geological processes. Time will tell how many more we might find in Earth's crust, but it is especially exciting to ponder whether they exist elsewhere in the solar system." ...

Asia's odd-ball antelope gets collared

...emerge as a success story with a little scientific input and support for local communities" offers Joel Berger, project co-director and Senior Scientist with the Wildlife Conservation Society. "We must take immediate actions to protect habitat and stop and poaching for saiga horns, while improving the ...

Researchers show how brain decodes complex smells

...lies on combining multiple components, whether the input is smell, sight or sound. Shea suggested that probing the olfactory system could help scientists better understand, for example, how the various biological and neurological components underlying perception formed and evolved. ...

Life and death in the hippocampus: what young neurons need to survive

...s synapse formation and determines what pattern of input activity new neurons receive, which in turn determines survival or death." Combining mouse genetics and gene transfer techniques, Gage and a team headed by former postdoctoral fellow Ayumu Tashiro, Ph.D., injected a virus carrying a pair of molecul...

Long-term changes in experience cause neurons to sprout new long-lasting connections

...tion of the mouse's brain is devoted to processing input from whiskers. To monitor changes in neuronal str...ched dendrites and nearby axons. Dendrites are the input side of neurons and axons the output side. Spines stipple the surface of dendrites, like twigs from ...

Novel connection found between biological clock and cancer

.... "The notion that the clock regulates DNA-damage input and that mutation can affect the clock as well as the cell cycle is novel," says Jay Dunlap, professor and chair of genetics at DMS. "It suggests a fundamental connection among circadian timing, cell cycle progress, and potentially the origins of som...

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