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Tag: "inheritance" at biology news

Exploring the dark matter of the genome

...ormously from the new findings: epigenetics -- the inheritance of traits and genetic information as controlled by proteins associated with the chromosomes, rather than by DNA sequence. Starting in the 1920s, epigenetics was discovered through biological studies of heterochromatin, and is now known to regulate es...

Latent memory of cells comes to life

... a previously active capacity shuts down. Same inheritance ?different traits In the practical experiment molecular biologists used a mutant of a yeast cell which was bi-stable, in that it could become either of a single sex or hermaphrodite. The experiment showed that a spontaneous change occurred in the ...

Researchers identify gene involved in dog size

...promise of genomics research for understanding the inheritance of a wide range of traits, including those that have an impact on health and disease.? The branch of the canine family tree that includes domestic dogs diverged from that of the gray wolf more than 15,000 years ago. Due to selective breeding by hum...

Analysis of rhesus monkey genome uncovers genetic differences with humans, chimps

...fferences) that can be used for future analysis of inheritance of biomedically important traits in rhesus. The rhesus genomic DNA samples used for these studies were contributed by the California NPRC, Oregon NPRC, Southwest NPRC and Yerkes NPRC. This advance in macaque genetics will enhance the use of macaque...

Scripps research study reveals structural dynamics of single prion molecules

...ect of the new study, Sup35, enables protein-based inheritance in yeast. When this prion protein misfolds, it converts into self-perpetuating amyloid fibrils, thus altering its function in an inheritable manner. The research team used a combination of advanced biophysical methods to investigate these processes. ...

Fruit fly gene research may shed light on human disease processes

...e DNA molecule that may contain different units of inheritance called genes, along with proteins that help to activate these genes under certain conditions. Even though it is the presence or absence of the human Y chromosome that directs sex development, human females still need to determine how many X chrom...

Origin of inherited pain disorder pinpointed

...unaffected members of one large family that showed inheritance of the disease. That analysis revealed that mutations that compromise the gene for a component of one particular sodium channel, called SCN9A, were the likely culprit. Further analysis of the gene in 11 affected families and two sporadic cases, indee...

Mapping the mouse genome

...me, the authors were able to track the patterns of inheritance of >10,000 SNPs in both groups of mice. Next, ...-information that can improve our understanding of inheritance and inform future efforts to pinpoint the precise location of genes on individual chromosomes. ...

Inheritance outside DNA

Most people have heard that human inheritance is spelled out in our DNA and activated through our genes. Yet few know anything about epigenetics, a variety of methods that our cells have evolved to transmit heritable changes without changing DNA. Among other things, epigenetics is crucial to d...

Leading reason for corneal transplants comes into focus

...f-elimination gene-hunting technique that analyzes inheritance patterns in families with relatively large numbers of affected individuals and trace genetic traits co-inherited or "linked" with the disorder. Researchers search for a common location for all the linked traits until they wind up with a single chromo...

Two central mysteries in genome inheritance solved at UCSD

...ome-spindle" connection, which is critical for the inheritance of genetic information as cells divide, has remain...g-standing mysteries about the mechanism of genome inheritance during cell division. "These two discoveries open the door to further studies of the chromosome-sp...

The higher the hierarchy, the greater the aggression

...simple mathematical models that predicted that, if inheritance rank mattered in a cooperative society, then the r.... conclude that variation in future fitness due to inheritance rank is the hidden factor accounting for much of the variation in aggression among apparently equiva...

Researcher gives hard thoughts on soft inheritance

...eneration to generation, what biologists call hard inheritance because the nucleotide sequence of DNA is constant...ganism's life, but their importance in controlling inheritance has been debated. Many biologists are skeptical of any form of soft inheritance, where the genetic ...

Maine Researchers Find Exceptions to Old Rules of Genetic Inheritance

...Mendel, the 19th century Austrian monk who studied inheritance in flowering pea plants, males and females should pass the t haplotype to half their offspring. In a strange twist to what Mendel might have predicted, the males pass the t haplotype to nearly 100 percent of their offspring (a phenomenon known as "t...

Protein helps regulate the genes of embryonic stem cells

...ted mode of inheritance: epigenetics. "Epigenetic inheritance is heritable information passed down through generations of cells that is not encoded by the DNA sequence," said Nathan D. Montgomery, a graduate student in Magnuson's laboratory and first author of the paper. This information is in the form of chem...

Plants defy Mendel's inheritance laws, may prompt textbook changes

Contrary to inheritance laws the scientific world has accepted for more th...covery flies in the face of the scientific laws of inheritance first described by Gregor Mendel in the mid-1800s and still taught in classrooms around the world to...

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