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Tag: "human" at biology news

Genomic Analysis Uncovers New Targets for HIV Vaccine

... polymorphisms found were in genes controlling the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system, which plays a major role in the immune system by identifying foreign invaders and "tagging" them for destruction. Two of the HLA genes, known as HLA-A and B, are turned off by HIV when it enters the body, which keeps ...

One species, many genomes

... these probes would have seven times the length of human genome," illustrates Weigel the extent of the proj...tential of a species also fuels current efforts in human genetics." Still, it is surprising that Arabidopsis has such a plastic genome. In contrast to the ...

Identified main genetic variants involved in response to HIV

...gies, analysing 550,000 variations of the complete human genome in 486 patients, mostly European, preselected from 30,000 potential candidates. These variations, known as simple nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), are single variations affecting only one nucleotide or base of the genomic sequence. Despite h...

Art and music for the birds

...sounds made by the catbird, an avid appreciator of human noise. The Rutgers-Camden scholar makes art that i...e make, but we don’t know if they might respond to human sound,” says Demaray. While there have been no scientific studies on birds’ response to human music,...

Common cancer gene sends death order to tiny killer

... "P53 is one of the most commonly mutated genes in human cancers," says Mendell. "And there is now a great ...thy p53. They then looked for any of the 500 known human microRNAs that are activated only in cells containing p53. It turned out that the miR-34a gene is...

Cellular message movement captured on video

...rolled proliferation and cell growth. For example, human papilloma virus, which can cause cervical cancer, makes a protein that binds to paxillin and that interaction may contribute to the carcinogenic potential of the sexually transmitted virus. Chien and Hu obtained cells for their most recent study f...

Researchers discover inherited mutation for leukemia

...ical genetics and a researcher with the Ohio State human cancer genetics program. "It does not shut down the gene, but just lowers its expression somewhat. "Recently, many cancer geneticists have come to believe that such subtle changes are common causes of cancer, and this is one of the first, strong ...

Agent slows aging in mice

.... Much more research is needed before any possible human anti-aging drug could emerge, Miller says. “Even if this agent turns out to be good for mice, it won’t be possible to tell without careful studies of humans whether NDGA is beneficial, useless, or harmful to people. Occasionally, something that ...

Enzyme delivered in smaller package protects cells from radiation damage

...ty of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, delivered the human MnSOD enzyme into mouse hematopoietic progenitor c...results suggest that minicircle DNA containing the human MnSOD transgene confers undiminished radioprotection to cells. "Because we now can deliver MnSOD ...

Brain inflammation may be friend, not foe, for Alzheimer's patients

... gives him pinpoint control over brain levels of a human molecule known as interleukin-1beta, a well-recogn...rom experiments with cells in a dish or postmortem human tissue, not from living organisms in which disease progression is closely monitored. “People have...

Blood test may help signal tumor's remission, return in throat cancer patients

...orted doctors reported that sexual transmission of human papillomavirus is strongly associated with throat cancer, especially in cancers arising from the tonsils and base of the tongue. In the largest long-term study of its kind, NIH and University of Michigan researchers tested the blood of 30 patients...

Pregnant mom's exposure to flu vaccine kick-starts fetal immune system

... against influenza, supporting the theory that the human neonatal immune system is not deficient or incompetent but, rather, capable of responding to environmental exposures. These conclusions have important implications for determining when immune responses to environmental exposures begin....

Math that powers spam filters used to understand how brain learns to move our muscles

...se of more or less predictable “guesstimates” of human muscle movements to explain how the brain draws on both what it recently learned and what it’s known for some time to anticipate what it needs to develop new motor skills. The engineers, from Johns Hopkins, MIT and Northwestern, exploited the fact t...

Cigarette smoke alters DNA in sperm, genetic damage could pass to offspring

...lood levels of tobacco by-products – of an average human smoker, according to research previously published by one of the study's co-authors. Yauk and her colleagues found that the rate of Ms6-hm mutations in the smoking mice were 1.4 times higher than that of non-smoking mice at six weeks, and 1.7 time...

Discovery in orange cauliflower may lead to more nutritious crops

...lindness in children. "A large percentage of the human population depends on staple crops for nutrition," said Li, an adjunct assistant professor in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics and a scientist at the U.S. Department of Agriculture -- Agricultural Research Service's U.S. Plant, Soil and ...

Modeling the restless brain

...ientists, relatively little is known about how the human brain is structured -- how, for example the hundreds (the number is unknown) of regions in the human brain are connected. The computer model created by Sporns and Honey suggests that this very pattern ...

How sneaky HIV escapes cells

...means of small sacs known as exosomes. By studying human T-cells under a microscope, Gould, Yi Fang, Ning W...ment, Gould and his team added chemicals to normal human cells that force nearby proteins together into a clump, and this was enough to get them sent out of ...

CSIRO scientists join fight to save 'Tassie devil'

...t based on recent developments in the diagnosis of human breast cancer,” Dr Church said. “Such a test would enable the screening of captured animals prior to their release into the wild or placement into isolated breeding populations.” Dr Church and his team will look to extend their work using the Austral...

The insect vector always bites twice

...stem changes, climatic variations or pressure from human activities. Malaria, sleeping sickness and so on l... salivary glands in order to be transmitted to the human host when the insect bites again to take another blood meal. Morbidity among infected people is ther...

A new plant-bacterial symbiotic mechanism promising for crop applications

...p yields of leguminous plants that are crucial for human diet (soybean, peas, ground nuts and so on…) and as animal feed (alfalfa, clover, sainfoin). In addition, cultivation of legumes living in symbiotic association with bacteria can contribute to vegetation regeneration schemes on soils depleted in ni...

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