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Tag: "gut" at biology news

W.M. Keck Foundation funds study of friendly microbes

...olic products that they synthesize in their native gut habitats. The W.M. Keck Foundation, established i...mputer-assisted analyses." Gordon views the human gut as "a bioreactor programmed with at least 800 different species of bacteria." "Fortunately, these mi...

Genome of deadly amoeba shows surprising complexity, evidence of lateral gene transfer

...biology between the parasitic amoeba and anaerobic gut bacteria. The E. histolytica genome sequence is e...teria and shares a close relationship in the human gut with its bacterial neighbors. Because the parasite uses the same methods to kill bacteria as it uses...

Highly adaptable genome in gut bacterium key to intestinal health

A bacterium that lives in the human gut adaptively shifts more than a quarter of its genes...he journal Science. "Bacterial cells in the human gut number close to 100 trillion," says Jeffrey Gordon, M.D., director of the Center for Genome Sciences...

Opposing fat metabolism pathways triggered by a single gene

...imal displayed numerous gross abnormalities in the gut and gonad. This was accompanied by unusually high fat content in the larvae. They further showed that deletion of nhr-49 changed expression of 13 genes related to fat and glucose metabolism, with the most dramatic effects occurring within two metabol...

Multiple Campylobacter Genomes Sequenced

...tion may unknowingly harbor Campylobacter in their gut annually. Diarrhea, cramps, abdominal pain, and fever develop within 2? days of picking up a pathogenic Campylobacter species, and in most people, the illness lasts for 7?0 days. But the infection can sometimes be fatal, and some individuals develop ...

A frog's life is food for thought

...t the effects of prolonged food deprivation on the gut of animals that go without food for long periods. ...gularly. "I compared the various aspects of their gut biology and physiology," she said. "We put animals into aestivation and woke them up and fed them t...

Researchers identify protein crucial for survival of Lyme-disease bacterium

...cterium Borrelia burgdorfei (Bb) to survive in the gut of its tick host and may offer a potential new target for agents aimed at eradicating Lyme disease. Results of the multisite study are currently online and will appear in an upcoming issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The...

Stem cell research - new cell lines

...ch are derived from the layer which also forms the gut and liver are the holy grail for diabetes researchers," said Dr Sidhu. "That's because they are destroyed in type-1 diabetes, which affects at least 100,000 people in Australia. So far there is no cure for it. "Human embryonic stem cell research off...

Active Vaccine Prevents Mice From Developing Prion Disease

...which localizes the initial immune response to the gut and mainly stimulates an antibody response, says D...ions in contaminated food will be destroyed in the gut and will not reach other organs in the body." Because the research was conducted in normal mice, the...

Researchers discover mechanism for multiplying adult stem cells

...gene on, the mice immediately formed tumors in the gut and in the skin where the gene was active. When he switched the gene off, the tumors subsided, demonstrating that the process is reversible. Discovering that simply flipping a single gene on and off has such an immediate effect on a tumor was unexpe...

A protein in the eye may prevent immune response and protect eyes from disease

...overed two decades ago on immune cells in the eye, gut and other privileged sites, but its function has not been understood. In an attempt to understand F4/80, Stein-Streilein and her team have been following the immune cells (also known as antigen presenting cells) containing the protein. In previous s...

Micro-molecule plays big role in birth defects

...rfe said. "Most structures, such as the heart, the gut and the lungs, haven't even formed yet. Now we can bypass the problem of early mortality and study the structures as they develop. It's a new tool for the genetic researcher's toolbox." No more than five years ago, microRNAs were considered to be li...

Researchers devise new technique for creating human stem cells

...into nerve cells, hair follicles, muscle cells and gut endoderm cells. And, since these cell types are derived from three different parts of the embryo, this really demonstrated the ability of these cells to give rise to a variety of different cell types." Furthermore, Eggan noted that genetic analyses ...

Seaweed could make junk food healthier

...ngthen mucus, the body's natural protection of the gut wall, can slow digestion down, and can slow the uptake of nutrients in the body. Moreover, alginate is high in fibre and has been proved to be palatable and safe, and as such is already in widespread use by the food industry as a gelling agent, to r...

A vaccine to kill tapeworm

...arasites, known as oncospheres, burrow through the gut wall. They then migrate through the body and lodge...he eggs hatch in the intestine, burrow through the gut wall and travel to muscles, where they form cysticerci. The infection rarely causes symptoms in pigs...

Agricultural antibiotic use contributes to 'super-bugs' in humans

...able but imperfect gastric barrier to colonize the gut - which in turn may transmit the resistant bacteria to humans. Smith and colleagues say that the transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria from animal to human populations is difficult to measure, as it is "the product of a very high exposure ra...

Stolen gene allows insect virus to enter cells

... Blissard explains: one type specialized to infect gut cells, and another that spreads infection in other parts of the insect. The latter type uses F to enter cells. An ancestor of today's baculoviruses "might have just existed as a diarrheal-type virus, reproducing itself at a low level in the gut, lett...

Regenerating worms help elucidate stem cell biology

...enishes itself, wounds heal, and the lining of the gut sloughs off and is restored. Nowhere, however, is the process of regeneration more dramatic than in the freshwater flatworm planaria. Cut one of these animals in half, and a week later, two fully functional worms will have developed from the pieces. ...

Student scientists create living bacterial photographs

... found naturally in the dark confines of the human gut and wouldn't normally sense light, so the students had to engineer the unicellular machines to work as a photo-capturing surface. UCSF biophysics graduate student Anselm Levskaya and his adviser, Dr. Chris Voigt, first engineered the bacteria to se...

Worms know bad food when they smell it

...then they establish an infection inside the worm's gut and they proliferate there. It's exactly like food poisoning," Bargmann explained. If the worm has ingested enough of the bacteria, it can die quickly, but milder cases allow the worm to live for several days ?and head off in search of better food. S...

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