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Tag: "glucose" at biology news

Hormone helps mice 'hibernate,' survive starvation

... hormone family that has been shown to lower blood glucose levels in diabetic and obese mice. FGF21, in tu..., such as lowering blood pressure, cholesterol and glucose levels in the blood, Dr. Kliewer is interested in understanding how FGF21 impacts these processes. ...

Plastic that grows on trees

...ne that no one else has been able to do is convert glucose directly in high yields to a primary building bloc...t is a chemical derived from carbohydrates such as glucose and fructose and is viewed as a promising surrogate for petroleum-based chemicals. Glucose, in pl...

Gene therapy study shows safety and statistically significant improvement in Parkinson's disease

...ement also correlated well to metabolic changes in glucose utilization as measured by PET scan. The PET scan data revealed a significant improvement (p<0.001) in brain metabolism on the treated side of the brain compared to the untreated side. No adverse events related to the gene therapy procedure were ...

St. Jude study shows genes play an unexpected role in their own activation

...s ranging from learning and memory capabilities to glucose production in the liver. The “on switch,” a prot...REB might activate the genes for enzymes that make glucose in the liver, while activating different genes in the brain that are key to learning and forming mem...

Salk scientists hammer out a pathway that promotes muscle cell survival in mice

...lthough CREB had long been studied for its role in glucose regulation in metabolic tissues like the liver and pancreas, its function in muscle tissue was unknown. Then, the researchers noticed that mice lacking CREB activity in their muscle cells also had a genetic brake, called histone deacetylase (HDAC), s...

A cherry on top: Tart cherries may alter heart/diabetes factors

...high blood pressure, high cholesterol and impaired glucose tolerance. For 90 days beginning in their sixt...t cherry diet had total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose and insulin levels that were significantly lower than those of the rats that did not receive cherrie...

Hearts of male and female rainbow trout are different

...cell containing an oxygenated buffer solution with glucose as the energy substrate). Oxygen consumption was m...rature in tissue baths containing buffer, with (a) glucose and (b) glucose + DCA (dichloroacetate, an activator of PDH and a therapeutic drug used to treat hum...

Keeping the immune system from starting a 'food fight'

...on a regular diet, manifesting insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, high blood sugar and lipid levels, and fatty liver disease. They also showed that the loss of STAMP2 exacerbated the metabolic symptoms of mice with a genetic predisposition to obesity due to other factors. When food enters the system...

Students invent protective pouch to enhance cell therapy

...low beneficial proteins to flow out and oxygen and glucose to flow freely in. Arepally and Bulte, both faculty members in the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, also have developed ways, covered by a pending patent, to track the microca...

Fat screen delivers plant-derived chemical with antidiabetic effects

...tes fat cell differentiation in vitro and improves glucose tolerance in vivo," Tontonoz's team concluded. The biological activities of harmine and TZDs underscore the fact that links between fat tissue and insulin resistance are complex and are likely to involve not only changes in fat tissue differentiation...

Chemical maps hint at drug's effects on schizophrenia

...s draw blood every day to look at metabolites such glucose and cholesterol and determine whether someone is at risk of diabetes or heart disease," said lead study investigator Rima Kaddurah-Daouk, Ph.D., an associate professor of biological psychiatry. "With metabolomics, we can look at thousands of metaboli...

Bats get the munchies too!

...od, than when the food contained either sucrose or glucose (two other types of sugar). Furthermore when the amount of ethanol in food increased the fruit bats preferred food which contained fructose over glucose-containing food. Intriguingly the fruit bats preferred food containing sucrose above either of th...

Genome sequencing reveals key to viable ethanol production

...of using separate steps to break down biomass into glucose and ferment the glucose into ethanol, as is currently done, Wu is working on a way to make a bacterium break down and fermen...

Super-fermenting fungus genome sequenced

...eak down complex carbohydrate into sugars, such as glucose and xylose, which can then be fermented to produce ethanol. Additional energy is required for the distillation process to achieve a fuel-grade product. Now, the power of genomics is being directed to optimize this age-old process. “The informati...

Blood sugar's manufacture limited by building blocks' supply

...hat deficiency back to an inability to produce new glucose in the liver, a process known as gluconeogenesis, ...the enzymes." "We've found the first defect [in glucose production] due to a loss of substrate," added Susan Gray of Brigham and Women's Hospital. During...

Glucose triggers brain cell death in rats after hypoglycemic coma

...e caused by hypoglycemic coma actually occurs when glucose is administered to treat the coma, according to a ...ans. Insulin is an essential hormone that moves glucose from the bloodstream to individual cells, where it is broken down and used for energy. Diabetics do ...

Power-boosting signal in muscle declines with age

...ly a good thing because AMPK activation stimulates glucose uptake, increases fat oxidation, and promotes mitochondrial biogenesis," he said. In the current study, the researchers set out to determine whether the declining mitochondrial function and increased intracellular fat content seen with aging could...

UCSD researchers discover variants of natural tumor suppressor

...losely involved in maintaining a constant level of glucose in the bloodstream. Therapies directed at inhibiting PHLPP1 could be used to treat diabetes; in essence, removing the 'brake' and allowing Akt2 to be more functional and allow better insulin regulation. PHLPP2, on the other hand, controls the drive...

Hybrid molecule causes cancer cells to self-destruct

...researchers used innocuous sugar molecules such as glucose to carry butyrate into the cells. The Johns Hopkins team tried a different tack. "We didn't think they chose the right partner molecule," said Kevin J. Yarema, an assistant professor of biomedical engineering who supervised the project. "Our insight ...

Columbia scientists determine 3-dimensional structure of cell's 'fuel gauge'

...are not responsive to insulin which normally helps glucose get out of the bloodstream, where it does damage, ...through a different mechanism to increase how much glucose the cell takes in and uses to create ATP. Research in rodent models has shown that AMPK activators ...

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