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Tag: "geographic" at biology news

Largest synthetic gene ever built offers insights into anti-malarial drug resistance

...ates are the same, however. Parasites in different geographic regions have developed unique patterns of mutations in the three genes mentioned above. Now, researchers can tell where a drug resistant parasite comes from depending on the varied mutations in the three different resistance genes, Roepe said. "There...

Caribbean frogs started with a single, ancient voyage on a raft from South America

...dominate the fauna of an entire continent or major geographic region," explained Penn State's Blair Hedges, the evolutionary biologist and professor of biology who directed the research. "Because land connections among continents have allowed land-dwelling animals to disperse freely over millions of years, the...

Invasion of the island bats

... arrive and, over time, evolve into new species in geographic seclusion. Since islands have many times fewer species than the continent, it seemed only logical that continents were rich sources from which islands drew only a small sample. Once isolated and with fewer species around, island organisms were thou...

UCI scientists reconstruct migration of avian flu virus

UC Irvine researchers have combined genetic and geographic data of the H5N1 avian flu virus to reconstruct it...ffers the first statistical analysis detailing the geographic distribution of influenza A H5N1, the bird flu strain. While previous work informally identified H5N...

UTSA researchers examine effects of global warming on Antarctic

...phical Names honored him by naming Ackley Point, a geographic feature in Antarctica, after him. "In the Antarctic, we are seeing some regional increases in the sea ice along with regional decreases," said Ackley. "If you look at the totality of it, it appears as if it hasn't changed very much over the last...

Study shows hope for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's

...imer’s disease is only available to those who have geographic proximity and/or financial ability to access research hospitals, where expert neuropsychologists continuously interview patients and caregivers over six to 12 months to make a diagnosis,?said Polikar, principal investigator on the project at Rowan. “...

Hofmeyr skull supports the 'Out of Africa' theory

...ntiate recent human populations according to their geographic distributions and genetic relationships. She compared the Hofmeyr skull with contemporaneous Upper Paleolithic skulls from Europe and with the skulls of living humans from Eurasia and sub-Saharan Africa, including the Khoe-San (Bushmen). Because the ...

Map predicting spread of avian flu

...l diseases between farms. These risk maps identify geographic areas in which a given intervention strategy fails to control the spread of the disease between farms. "The risk map concept is an instrument suitable for analyses of epidemic control options both during crisis and in peacetime" says Boender. ...

Gene study shows three distinct groups of chimpanzees

... separation is genuine, a long-term consequence of geographic isolation." The original boundaries between groups may have been the emergence and growth of rivers, such as the Congo River, which is thought to be about 1.5 million years old. "Chimps don't swim," Becquet said. "For them, water provides a very e...

Whitefly spreads emerging plant viruses

...d to their native habitats or contained by natural geographic boundaries. "The increased importance of new and emerging plant viral pathogens is directly related to the adaptive capacity of B. tabaci and its ability to exploit agricultural systems," Brown said. B. tabaci has proven difficult to control partly b...

Hundreds of thousands of viral species present in the world's oceans

...the sampling sites and found a correlation between geographic distance and genetic distance of viral species, supporting the idea that the marine virome varies from region to region. They also investigated how similar the viromes from each location were--in fact, the differences were mostly explained by variati...

Malaria may fuel spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa

...ex partner. Conversely, HIV may play a role in the geographic expansion of malaria in Africa because HIV-infected persons are more susceptible to malaria infections due to their already-compromised immune systems, according to study co-authored by Laith J. Abu-Raddad, Ph.D., Padmaja Patnaik, Ph.D. and James G....

American scientist's research of life's first cells

...ize winner and may present regional awards in four geographic regions: North America, Europe, Japan and all other countries. These regional winners receive $5,000 awards. In addition to the grand prize, the 2006 awards also recognize the following regional winners: Dianne Schwarz (North America): For her ...

Genetic surprise confirms neglected 70-year-old evolutionary hypothesis

...al population. If other speciation pressures, like geographic isolation, are added to the mix, the pressure may be enough to split one species into two new species. When asked if JYAlpha may be responsible for melanogaster and simulans' initial split a few million years ago, Masly replied, "That's lost to hist...

Malaria vaccine prompts victims' immune system to eliminate parasite from mosquitoes

...ould, theoretically, eliminate malaria from entire geographic regions, by eradicating the malaria parasite from an area's mosquitoes. The vaccine, so far tested only in mice, would prompt the immune system of a person who receives it to eliminate the parasite from the digestive tract of a malaria-carrying mos...

International team analyzes human genetic variation in key immune region

...sequence in more than 350 individuals from diverse geographic regions, including Africa, Europe, China and Japan. Specifically, the researchers "read" ~7,500 single-letter changes in the genetic code called single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) together with short segments of DNA sequence from a set of highly ...

Study suggests evolutionary link between diet, brain size in orangutans

...f low energy intake in one part of the orangutan's geographic range selected for a reduction in brain size," the researchers said. Similar evolutionary pressures within resource-poor environments also may explain the smaller-than-normal brain size of a controversial 18,000-year-old skull recently found on the...

Dust to gust

...h an important source of dust due to its shape and geographic features: it is flanked on both sides by enormous basalt mountain ridges, which create a cone-shaped crater with a narrow opening in the northeast. Winds that "drain" into the valley focus on this funnel-like opening similarly to the way light is foc...

Rhesus monkeys in Nepal may provide new alternative for HIV/AIDS research

...general given the past history of the area and the geographic barrier of the Himalayan Mountains that separates Nepal and India from China. To facilitate the use of rhesus macaques in research while ensuring the conservation of Nepal's naturally occurring rhesus populations, the Nepali government enacted a pol...

Electric fish in Africa could be example of evolution in action

...to imagine, involves animals that live in the same geographic location but, for some reason, begin to mate selectively and form distinct groups and, ultimately, separate species. This so-called sympatric speciation is more controversial because there have been few accepted examples of it to date. "Many scient...

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