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Tag: "engineer" at biology news

Mutating the entire genome

...chi says it now costs about $10,000 to genetically engineer a mouse with a particular gene or other DNA sequence knocked out. So using existing technology to knock out the estimated 20,000 mouse genes would cost $200 million, and knocking out the roughly 300,000 non-gene DNA sequences in mice would cost $3 bi...

3-D ultrasound scanner provides in-depth view of the brain

...und, said Edward Light, a research and development engineer in the biomedical engineering department at Duke. "The problem is that without 3-D, you could miss something," he said. MRI machines are also expensive and require a dedicated space with special surgical tools that can be used in close proximity to t...

Adult stem cells from human cord umbilical cord blood successfully engineered to make insulin

...r a person with type 1 diabetes, researchers might engineer these cells to become islets of Langerhans, the cellular masses that produce the hormone insulin, which allows the body to utilize sugar, synthesize proteins and store neutral fats, or lipids. "But we’re a long way from that," Denner warned. Denn...

Genome sequencing reveals key to viable ethanol production

...onal Academy of Sciences may empower scientists to engineer ethanol-producing super-organisms that can make clean-burning fuel from the nation’s one billion unused tons of yearly biomass production. "This is the first revelation of how a bacterium chooses from its more than 100 enzymes to break down a part...

New success in engineering plant oils

...n could work in the reverse to allow scientists to engineer more heart-healthy food oils. "Scientists have known for a long time that the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids plays a key role in plants' ability to adapt to different climates, but to change this ratio specifically in seed oils with...

Cheaper, better disease treatments expected from faster approach to developing antibodies

... previously used the antibody evolution process to engineer a similar antibody that is in late-stage, clinical trials to treat human anthrax infections. Iverson is a co-author and a collaborator on the latest research. To test the bacterium-only system, lead author Yariv Mazor, a postdoctoral student in ch...

Nanotechnology shows promise as next wrinkle fighter

...Nano small. A Michigan State University chemical engineer has discovered that nanoparticles can stop thin polymer films from buckling and wrinkling. It's a new solution to a critical problem as thin films become more important in new technology such as electronic monitors. The cosmetic arsenal to fight h...

Can engineered immune cells stop AIDS?

... remove harmful genes coding for the HIV virus and engineer the backbone, or spine, of virus so that it is no ...says. "If scientists can find a way to genetically engineer immune cells to neutralize HIV, we may be able to develop immunotherapy for HIV-Infected people, as ...

Are scientists making progress in being able to regenerate bone tissue?

...ems with bone grafts, scientists have attempted to engineer bone tissue. “Bone tissue engineering using bone marrow stem cells has been suggested as a promising technique for reconstructing bone defects,?say Meijer and colleagues. Bone tissue engineering has shown success in animal studies. In their artic...

Lower carbon dioxide emissions from coal-fueled power plants possible with technology development

...eled power plants is being developed by a chemical engineer and his colleagues at The University of Texas at Austin as part of the TXU Carbon Management Program. TXU Power, a subsidiary of TXU Corp., will donate $1.8 million to the university in support of Chemical Engineering Professor Gary Rochelle and hi...

Engineering the heart piece by piece

...cal challenges, we are now at a point where we can engineer first-generation prototypes of all cardiovascular ...ry has focused on comparing different platforms to engineer functional heart muscle in the laboratory. Last December, Birla and first author Yen-Chih Huang, PhD...

'Exercise pill' switches on gene that tells cells to burn fat

...disease and diabetes. The ability to chemically engineer changes in metabolism also has given the researchers more insight into how the PPAR-d switch works, says Dr. Evans. Genetically engineering changes in metabolism in the marathon mice triggers both increased fat burning and increased endurance. Adult...

New UD technology removes viruses from drinking water

...n this project, we all need each other. Pei is the engineer and knows where we should put this step and how to scale it up. I study how viruses and other types of colloidal particles are transported in water, and Kali knows all about waterborne pathogens. "Our hope is that the technology we've developed wi...

Genetically engineered blood protein can be used to split water into oxygen and hydrogen

...ned two molecules that occur naturally in blood to engineer a molecular complex that uses solar energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen, says research published today in the Journal of the American Chemical Society. This molecular complex can use energy from the sun to create hydrogen gas, providing ...

Science researchers genetically transform immune cells into tumor fighters

...t Rosenberg says his team has demonstrated ways to engineer similar immune cells in the laboratory that would attack more common tumors such as breast, lung and liver cancers. The technique developed by the Science researchers "represents the first time that gene manipulations have been shown to cause tumor...

Genome archaeology illuminates the genetic engineering debate

...by conventional breeding," Messing said. "We could engineer plants to provide a more sustainable, healthy and productive source of food, while reducing the environmental impacts of their cultivation." ...

The power of one: A simpler, cheaper method for cell fusion

...asy to make one plus one equal one. But biological engineer Chang Lu has done just that with a new and cheaper method to electrically fuse cells - a vital technology for studying stem cells, creating clones and finding disease antibodies. "The only current method for electrofusion requires a very expensive...

'Failed' experiment yields a biocontrol agent that doesn't trigger antibiotic resistance

...e killer plasmid survived." The next step was to engineer a strain of bacteria that could suppress over-replication of the key plasmid. This so-called "Trojan horse" could then be used to spread the killer plasmid via conjugation to targeted bacterial pathogens that lacked the ability to resist over-replic...

Engineered yeast speeds ethanol production

...l yeast. The prospect of using this approach to engineer similar tolerance traits in industrial yeast could dramatically impact industrial ethanol production, a multi-step process in which yeast plays a crucial role. First, cornstarch or another polymer of glucose is broken down into single sugar (glucose)...

Fast test for low blood flow in dogs detects early heart trouble

...rked to improve blood flow." Lardo, a biomedical engineer who specializes in so-called perfusion imaging, says the tiny size of blood vessels, many no bigger than 0.5 millimeters in diameter, often makes it difficult for physicians to pick up the subtle clues that signal the presence of arterial disease. H...

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