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Tag: "encoded" at biology news

Largest synthetic gene ever built offers insights into anti-malarial drug resistance

...d it successfully produces large quantities of the encoded protein, whose function can now be easily studied. In research published in the May 22 issue of the journal Biochemistry, the researchers say that with the addition of the recreated gene, PfMDR1 and its protein, they have all the biomolecular tools ...

Researchers reveal structure of protein altered in autism

...studied the neuroligin family of proteins that are encoded by genes known to be mutated in certain patients w...ar level. “Normally, individual neuroligins are encoded to interact with specific neurexin partners. The two partners are members of distinct families of p...

Gene thought to assist chemo may help cancer thrive

... groups had roughly the same amount of the protein encoded by p53, the cancer group had mutations in their p53 that caused the gene’s corresponding protein not to function.The benign group's p53 was normal. Five years later, only 30 percent of the chemotherapy cancer patients clustering in the benign grou...

Study of protein folds offers insight into metabolic evolution

...chitectures of fundamental importance undisputedly encoded in a genetic core that can be traced back to the universal ancestor of the three superkingdoms of life," the authors wrote. The analysis also found that the most ancient metabolic protein folds are important to RNA metabolism, specifically the int...

Male owls pitch their hoots to advertise body weight to competitors

...estrial mammals where the information is typically encoded in acoustic components of the calls rather than in the diversity of the vocal repertoire as it is in songbirds," says Reby, who is an expert in the study of mammal vocal communication. ...

2 brains -- 1 thought

... calculates or remembers, it processes information encoded in a series of neuronal impulses in different nerve cells. Although no two people have the same brain, they can still share the same thought. Thus, only to a certain extent is the dynamics of neuronal activity dependent on the structure of neuronal n...

Loss of a universal tRNA feature reported

...ger RNA molecules, information which is ultimately encoded by the DNA template. tRNAHis is the specific tRNA that assists in incorporating the amino acid histidine into new proteins. Histidine residues make essential contributions to protein structure as well as the catalytic mechanisms of enzymes and must...

Genes set scene for metastasis

...mbinations that target one or more of the proteins encoded by these genes may prove useful for treating metastatic breast cancer. ...

Nanotechnology meets biology and DNA finds its groove

... confined, linear fashion, the genetic information encoded in the arrangement of the base pairs that make up the molecule can be scanned and read like a bar code. The key to the new technology, argues Schwartz, is that the system is comprehensive, inexpensive and simple enough to lend itself to large-scal...

Angelman syndrome deficits rescued in mice

... seen in these children. Specifically, the protein encoded by UBE3A "tags" other proteins for degradation by the cellular "garbage disposal," the proteasome. "The most difficult thing to rationalize was that this housekeeping gene ?which nobody thought did anything ?caused severe mental retardation," said...

Shedding new light on proteorhodopsin

... in 2000 when proteorhodopsin was first discovered encoded within the genomes of uncultivated marine bacteria. The discovery implied that such bacteria possessed phototrophic as well as respiratory capabilities. This would be a critical adaptation for seafaring microbes because the world's oceans are permea...

Novel antigen-cloning technique may boost efforts to develop a melanoma vaccine

...es, the B cells will express the peptides that are encoded by the cDNA library. The new process eliminates the need to transfer the HLA genes into recipient cells and match the genes to each T cell type as it permits the B cells to present the peptide to the T cells in context with their own HLA class II. ...

Tumor-suppressor gene is critical for placenta development

...uestions now." Scientists know that the protein encoded by the Rb gene, the Rb protein, plays an important...in normally couples with, or binds to, the protein encoded by the E2f3 gene. Embryos missing both genes lived three days longer than the embryos missing Rb onl...

Gene that makes people 'early to bed and early to rise' demystified

...egulatory enzyme from tacking a phosphate onto the encoded protein. Now, the researchers report additional evidence that the lost "phosphorylation" prevents a cascade of chemical modifications that are normally primed by the initial event. Moreover, they show that the human gene inserted into otherwise ...

Sleep enforces the temporal sequence in memory

...his process relies on the brain replaying recently encoded experiences during the night. The same research group now provides evidence that sleep not only strengthens the content of a memory but also the particular order in which they were experienced, probably by a replay of the experiences in "forward" dir...

New protein implicated in autism

...colleagues show that mice lacking CADPS2, which is encoded by a gene in the autism susceptibility region of human chromosome 7, had impaired social interactions (when pairs of CADPS2-deficient mice that had never met were placed together they interacted substantially less frequently than pairs of wild-type m...

Killing the messenger RNA -- But which one?

...thor on the study. "These edited microRNAs are not encoded in the DNA, which means that at least two versions can being produced by one gene. This was not anticipated ?it was something really new. "Looking more closely, we realized that the substitution we’d identified occurred in a particularly critical ...

Fruit fly gene research may shed light on human disease processes

...his to ensure that similar amounts of the proteins encoded on the X chromosomes are produced in each sex. Failure to properly count X chromosomes is lethal to embryos of mammals and flies. That's why biologists want to understand the process of "chromosome counting." Early in his career, Erickson was pa...

Scientists identify a candidate gene for osteoporosis

...influence osteoporosis in humans. The protein encoded by DARC binds to chemokines—or small signaling proteins—that are involved in osteoclast formation. Osteoclasts break down bone in a process called bone resorption, releasing important minerals such as calcium, phosphate, and magnesium into the blo...

How does your brain tell time?

...eir simulations indicated that a specific event is encoded within the context of events that precede it. In other words, if one could measure the response of many neurons in the brain to a tone or a flash of light, the response would not only reveal the nature of the event, but the other events that precede...

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