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Tag: "down" at biology news

Wisconsin scientists grow critical nerve cells

...exact growing conditions needed to steer the cells down the correct developmental pathway. "You need to teach the [embryonic stem cells] to change step by step, where each step has different conditions and a strict window of time," says Zhang. "Otherwise, it just won't work." To differentiate into a func...

Lack of enzyme turns fat cells into fat burners

...t mice are nowoxidizing fat, hydrolyzing (breaking down using water) fat, and passingit on to the heart and muscle because there is an increase in oxidationof fat in those organs. It also starts oxidizing glucose. In otherwords, the adipose tissue is becoming a little more oxidative and lessinvolved in th...

Neuronal 'traffic jam' marks early Alzheimer's disease

...as the transport machinery in their neurons breaks down with age. "A person could have a predisposition to the disease, or it could just be that as time progresses, one person could by chance accumulate these blockages more than another," said Goldstein. "And randomly, some people would accumulate more th...

Elusive HIV shape change revealed; Key clue to how virus infects cells

...it the shape change; the new findings may help pin down how these compounds work and hasten their development into drugs. "The findings also will help us understand why it's so hard to make an HIV vaccine, and will help us start strategizing about new approaches to vaccine development." The studies, perf...

Mouse brain cells rapidly recover after Alzheimer's plaques are cleared

...tion. Holtzman suspects that this transport breaks down inthe mice, leading to pileups that become swellings. Scientists havepreviously demonstrated that such swellings make it difficult orimpossible for nerve-cell branches to send signals.After showing that the swellings were mostly stable in number and ...

Key molecule in plant photo-protection identified

...tion. Holtzman suspects that this transport breaks down inthe mice, leading to pileups that become swellings. Scientists havepreviously demonstrated that such swellings make it difficult orimpossible for nerve-cell branches to send signals.After showing that the swellings were mostly stable in number and ...

Anti-bacterial additive widespread in U.S. waterways

...texactly happens to the compound after we flush it down the drain," saidthe study's lead author, Rolf U. Halden, PhD, PE, assistant professorin the School's Department of Environmental Health Sciences andfounding member of its Center for Water and Health.The nationwide assessment of triclocarban contamina...

Tiny particles could solve billion-dollar problem

...cal catalysts or microorganisms that break the TCE down into less toxic or non-toxic constituents. In gene...r advantages of using palladium catalysts to break down TCE is that palladium converts TCE directly into non-toxic ethane. By contrast, breaking down TCE wi...

The secret to longevity in tubeworms

...easing its waste sulfate not up into the ocean but down into the sediments, L. luymesi stimulates the growth of sulfide-producing microbes, and ensures its own long-term survival. The sulfide this worm needs is created by a consortium of bacteria and archaea that live in the deep sea cold sediments surro...

Computers to be used to find blueprint for new influenza drug

...a better drug that could be taken by people coming down with flu to stop the disease developing. The drug would work by being chemically very similar to part of the protective coating around the cells in our throats that the flu virus first attacks when a person becomes infected. The flu virus would be d...

Ecological destruction fuels emerging diseases

...g through the dense jungles of Costa Rica tracking down and collecting parasites. Since 1996, he has coordinated the parasite Taxonomic Working Group for the All-Taxa Biodiversity Inventory (ATBI), an international scientific and economic initiative to help developing countries preserve the world's biodiv...

Ancient olfaction protein is shared by many bugs, offering new pest control target

...pests, new research indicates that it may all come down to the sense of smell. A group of Rockefeller University scientists who had previously identified a key gene essential for the sense of smell in fruit flies now shows that this gene's function appears to be evolutionarily conserved across very differ...

Inexpensive, mass-produced genes core of synthetic biology advances at UH

... from doing this, but Dr. Gao’sresearch will break down that barrier.?This technology offers tremendous potential benefits, as syntheticgenes could allow for development and production of safer, less toxicproteins that are currently used in disease treatment. It also couldallow for production of large mol...

Research on Worms Yields Clues on Aging

... researchers usedthese mutant worms to further pin down the mechanism by which theanticonvulsants increased longevity.The worms' mutated genes affect the function of sensory neurons thatregulate the release of an insulin-like hormone. "Sensory inputs fromthe outside regulate the level of insulin signaling...

Iron Deficiency Sparks Dramatic Changes In Gene Expression

...spreserve the little iron they possess by shutting down the major ironusers in order to maintain the cell's essential functions, said DennisJ. Thiele, Ph.D., professor of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology at Duke.He said their discovery could aid in the diagnosis and ultimately thetreatment of serious disor...

Emory Eye Center Implants Its First Retinal Chips In Patients With Retinitis Pigmentosa

...ide improved functional vision or to at least slow down the progressive vision loss" says Dr. Schuchard, principal investigator for the project. "There are very few vision rehabilitative options for patients with retinal degenerative diseases, so the opportunity to be part of evaluating an experimental re...

The secret lives of whales

...e worms?use an internal “bacterial garden?to break down the whale bone and feed on the fats and proteins i...ccur worldwide. Because of their ability to break down lipids in cold water, these animals and their bacterial garden may hold a key to better cold water w...

Gene therapy converts dead bone graft to new, living tissue

...grow around and into the bone splint, stripping it down in times when the body needs the calcium, and rebuilding it when calcium levels rise. The bone that is rebuilt is now fully the patient's own, as if the dead bone were a house being renovated by replacing a single brick at a time without tearing the ...

Researchers reveal the infectious impact of salmon farms on wild salmon

...stablishing the potential for re-infections up and down the coast. As the abundance of lice increases, we are now realizing that lice will attack other species, not only salmon, but other fish such as herring which are the spark plugs of the entire ecosystems ?everything depends on them ?from salmon to wh...

Mouse brain tumors mimic those in human genetic disorder

...valent to teenage years in humans,the cells slowed down to the same growth speed as astrocytes in controlmice."The fact that cell growth is dramatically reduced after a few monthsin mice and after a few years in humans tells us there may be growthsignals that are produced early in life, which are critical...

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