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Tag: "cloned" at biology news

Detecting cold, feeling pain: Study reveals why menthol feels fresh

...f temperature sensation and pain. In 1997, the lab cloned the gene for the capsaicin receptor, the main pungent ingredient in some chili peppers (Nature, Oct. 23, 1997), and in 2000 reported that, in mice, the receptor triggers the nerves to fire pain signals when they are exposed to high ambient heat or th...

Nitric oxide: Key to cardiovascular and pulmonary function and drug effectiveness

...s Medical Institute investigator at Duke who first cloned these receptors in 1986. The link was cemented through a collaboration with Matt Foster, a post-doctoral fellow in the laboratory of Jonathan Stamler M.D. G-protein coupled receptors reside on the cell surface where they interact with all manner o...

Veterinary scientists explore poultry virus as cancer killer

...the process of generating a recombinant virus from cloned complimentary DNA (cDNA) copy of a viral genome, explains Subbiah. Through the reverse genetics system, recombinant viruses can be designed to have specific properties that make them attractive as biotechnological tools, live vaccines, and cancer the...

Imaging techniques permit scientists to follow a day -- or four -- in the life of a cell

...hnique is similar to those that are used to create cloned and transgenic organisms, and it can also be applied to more complex assays--including laser photobleaching and fluorescent speckle microscopy--that yield specific insights into cellular processes. A second freely available protocol ( http://www.c...

McBride shows DNA detective work with paper-eating bacteria that 'glide'

... of gliding bacteria for more than a decade. They cloned "mutants" of F. johnsoniae that are unable to move, and then attempted to "repair" them by inserting certain pieces of DNA. In this way, they have uncovered nearly all the genetic components that propel the cells. It has been a long process. A deca...

Scientists clone mice from adult skin stem cells

...ch is simpler and more efficient than generating a cloned mouse. Although this procedure has not yet successfully generated human embryonic stem cell lines, once technological hurdles are overcome, it may be possible in the future to use a patient's skin stem cells to tailor make embryonic stem cell lines, ...

Novel antigen-cloning technique may boost efforts to develop a melanoma vaccine

...response for many types of cancer. "Most of the cloned melanoma antigens that are known to target helper T cells are mutated and individual-specific, meaning that they may work in treating a single individual but will be ineffective in treating a large percentage of patients," Herlyn says. Herlyn note...

New science of metagenomics 'will transform modern microbiology'

...of millions of random fragments of DNA that can be cloned into a form capable of being maintained in laboratory bacteria. These bacteria are used to create a "library" that includes the genomes of all the microbes found in a habitat, the natural environment of the organisms. Although the genomes are fragm...

Cloned mice created from fully differentiated cells, a milestone in cloning research

...ng evidence that Dolly the sheep and other mammals cloned by somatic cell nuclear transfer were most likely ...e donor somatic cell it is an identical copy. This cloned embryo is then implanted into a surrogate mother, and, if the process is successful, is carried to t...

Tarantula venom and chili peppers target same pain sensor

...nerve cells known as the capsaicin receptor, first cloned in 1997 in the Julius laboratory. In the last 10 years, Julius and his colleagues have demonstrated that this and related receptors trigger nerves to fire pain signals when exposed to Death Valley-like heat or the fiery properties of peppery food, mu...

Geneticists discover genes that make fruit fly hybrids sterile

...lities. However, when Barbash and his colleagues cloned each gene and inserted an Lhr gene from D. simulans into D. melanogaster , the two genes did not interfere with each other in the engineered D. melanogaster strain even though the Lhr and Hmr genes interfere with each other in hybrids. "This t...

Researchers discover that sheep need retroviruses for reproduction

...ed to the death of Dolly, the world's first mammal cloned from an adult cell. The idea that endogenous retroviruses are important for reproduction in mammals has been around for about 30 years, Spencer said. Studies in cultured cells have shown that a protein of a human endogenous retrovirus might have a ro...

Caterpillars tell us how bacteria cause disease

...a and created a DNA library of over 1,500 separate cloned fragments ?which covers most of the genome. They then inject the clones into Tobacco Hawkmoth Caterpillars to study the effects. Their work has shown that clones containing harmless genetic material are recognised and destroyed by the caterpillar'...

Wheat gene may boost foods' nutrient content

...ulture; and the University of Haifa in Israel have cloned a gene from wild wheat that increases the protein,...age of five lack an adequate protein supply. The cloned gene, designated GPC-B1 for its effect on Grain Protein Content, accelerates grain maturity and incr...

Researchers unveil strategy for creating actively-programmed anti-cancer molecules

...odies are produced in the laboratory from a single cloned B-cell, the immune system cell that makes antibodies. "By bringing together chemistry and biology, our approach provides a way to break the traditional one antibody-one target axiom of immunochemistry," said Lerner. "This new hybrid technology off...

Ten years later, Dolly is still making headlines

...cher for the team who - 10 years ago - created the cloned sheep "Dolly," will kick off the 2006 American Ass...ns were just announced to create the world's first cloned human embryonic stem cells, and Dr. Burt Adelman of Biogen Idec, the company that produces the recen...

Newly identified protein complex sheds light on axon growth mechanism

...ner, from the University of Zurich in Switzerland, cloned and characterised UNC-69, a previously known protein that had never been characterised. By studying mutants lacking unc-69 they show that the protein is widely expressed in the C.elegans nervous system and is required for normal axon development. He...

Novel connection found between biological clock and cancer

...ture compensation. For this study, the researchers cloned the gene based on its position in the genome, and found it was an important cell cycle regulator. When they eliminated the gene from the genome, the clock was normal, indicating that the mutation interfered in some way with the clock, rather than sup...

Major obesity gene is 'lost in the shuffle'

...rotein ( ASIP ) was the first "obesity gene" to be cloned and characterized by geneticists, but it also plays an important role in other physiological processes ?ranging from hair color determination to energy homeostasis. Mice that over-produce ASIP are extremely obese, exhibit symptoms of diabetes, and...

Biologists visualize protein interaction that may initiate viral infection

...edical Institute at Columbia University provided a cloned gene that enabled the Purdue scientists to produce the CRD. The CRD is part of a protein receptor molecule called DC-SIGN - or dendritic cell-specific ICAM3 grabbing non-integrin. ICAM stands for intercellular adhesion molecule, a family of cell pro...

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