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Tag: "body" at biology news

St. Jude study solves mystery of mammalian ears

...ity to ask some very basic questions about how the body works, and then use those answers to solve medical...y in a steady rhythm. In mammals, the rod-shaped body of the outer hair cell contracts and then vibrates in response to the sound waves, amplifying the so...

Nicotine rush hinges on sugar in neurons

...wave” that propagates a signal through the protein body to the cell membrane, Chen said. But the molecular basis of such a wave in nAChR or any other protein has not been clearly established. Instead, the Chen group’s study of crystal structure suggested a simple mechanical role for sugar molecules at...

Enzyme delivered in smaller package protects cells from radiation damage

...radioprotective enzyme systemically throughout the body which may spare healthy tissue the long-term conse...de dismutase (MnSOD) could protect mice from whole body irradiation, and in preparation for a potential clinical trial of systemic MnSOD in humans, the Univ...

Innovative smallpox vaccine research study to be conducted at Case Medical Center

...erized by raised bumps that appear on the face and body of an infected person. There is no specific treatment for smallpox disease, and the only prevention is vaccination. The World Health Organization declared the disease eradicated in 1980 with the success of a worldwide vaccination program. Routine vac...

Brain inflammation may be friend, not foe, for Alzheimer's patients

... weren’t making fewer plaques, but rather that the body was better at getting rid of the plaques. The team... the brain. The work is the latest in a growing body of research that is trying to determine the exact role of inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease. O’Ban...

Snoring in children might be an allergic type disease

...e likely to snore. Breastfeeding, birth weight, body mass index at age 4.5 years and respiratory function whilst awake were found to be unrelated. The study cohort was drawn from participants in the Australian Childhood Asthma Prevention Study (CAPS) – a randomised controlled trial of dietary interv...

CSIRO scientists join fight to save 'Tassie devil'

... a few months from starvation and the breakdown of body functions. The integrated research team at AAHL will use a variety of techniques including microscopy, microarrays and a range of molecular techniques to search for infectious agents, markers for disease and to determine where the tumours origina...

Hormone helps mice 'hibernate,' survive starvation

... and induces a hibernation-like state of decreased body temperature and physical activity, all geared to p...tor – a protein that turns genes on and off in the body – called peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, or PPAR-alpha, which is known to control ...

New bacterium discovered -- related to cause of trench fever

...ew microbe is genetically similar to one spread by body lice in the trenches during World War I. That bact...about the dangers of cat scratches and exposure to body lice. Medical staff should know to look for Bartonella infections if someone with a persistent, une...

Studies to find better ways to preserve human eggs, ovarian tissue under way

...serve eggs – which last about 24 hours outside the body without preservation – would reduce the cost and logistical issues of coordinating donor eggs. “The long-term goal is organ banking,” says Dr. Song, because even though there are insufficient numbers of donors for those on transplant lists today, ...

In mice, drug protects against diabetes and atherosclerosis

...ion of fatty foods. Some of those effects make the body less sensitive to the sugar-lowering action of insulin, raising the risk of diabetes. For many decades, aP2 was believed to act only in fat cells. In 2001, Hotamisligil and a collaborator discovered that aP2 is also expressed in macrophages, which sc...

Newly found sensing system enables certain bacteria to resist human immune defenses

...es (AMPs), which are defense molecules sent by the body to kill bacteria. Bacteria are divided into two types, gram-positive and gram-negative, with the primary difference being the nature of the bacterial cell wall. Little is known about how gram-positive bacteria—such as those that can lead to food poi...

'Lucky 13' as new gene discovery offers further hope for childhood blindness

...enth and adds a substantial new piece to a growing body of evidence that defects of the cilia are a major cause of inherited blindness. In that sense, we can consider this a 'lucky thirteenth' as we are building a much clearer picture of what causes the disorder." Professor Inglehearn believes that leb...

Researchers shed light on shrinking of chromosomes

...re shortest when the physical division of one cell body into two takes place. Like this, no long chromosome arms extend over the plane of division, because that could expose the DNA to serious mechanical damage.” The extreme condensation of chromosomes towards the end of cell division can also serve as...

Newly discovered antibody may be body's natural defense against Alzheimer's

...ide variety of diseases, such as Parkinson's, Lewy body dementia and Prion disease (the human form of ‘Mad...ta amyloid oligomers are much less abundant in the body than the single-molecule variety, the relatively high amount of oligomer-specific antibody found in ...

Study shows lizard moms dress their children for success

...barred pattern that breaks up the outline of their body so it blends in with the background. Aggressive orange males spend a lot of time in the open and need stripes to help them escape from predators (the optical effect of stripes on fast-moving prey makes them hard to catch). But the genes that cont...

Progress toward an antitumor vaccine

How can we induce the body to use its own weapon, the immune system, to battle cancer" In principle, by the same means used against infectious diseases: immunization. The production of a selective vaccine is not a trivial task, however. A team led by Horst Kunst at the Univers...

Herpes virus hijacks DNA repair process

...use this process is used constantly throughout the body and is very important to preventing cancer," says lead author Vera Tarakanova, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow. "However, by targeting the viral protein responsible for activating the DNA damage response, we may be able to block viral replication. In ad...

Runners -- Let thirst be your guide

...ctually need to drink in order to replace just the body fluids lost during exercising, the researchers say...ave found several. One is a loss of fluid from the body and blood as a result of sweating during prolonged exercise. Another is nausea, a common reaction to...

Mutating the entire genome

...ded for cells to produce the proteins used to make body parts and carry out most functions in living organisms. Genes typically have 50,000 base pairs but can range in size from a few thousand to 300,000 base pairs, Capecchi says. The genes include only about 2.5 percent to 3 percent of human DNA. In ...

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