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Tag: "altered" at biology news

Cigarette smoke alters DNA in sperm, genetic damage could pass to offspring

...smoking, Yauk and her colleagues plan to study how altered DNA manifests itself in the children and grandchildren of male mice that are exposed to firsthand smoke. They also plan to study the effects of secondhand smoke on male mice as well the possibility that the eggs of females are affected by smoke....

Genetic factors are linked to fever following smallpox vaccination

... in four different genes that were associated with altered susceptibility to fever after vaccination. It is the first study to show that fever after smallpox vaccination is associated with specific gene clusters in the interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene complex on chromosome 2 and the interleukin-18 gene on chromosom...

Researchers identify protein pathway involved in Parkinson disease development

...e found a novel signaling pathway in cells that is altered by genetic mutations recently identified in Parkinson disease development. These new findings show how the mutations affect cellular function and could provide a target for drug therapies to treat the disease. The research by a team of Emory Univer...

Modified mushrooms may yield human drugs

...gill tissue and added it to a flask containing the altered bacterium. Over the course of several days, as ...s, separating out those that have been genetically altered for resistance. The test demonstrates that if a second gene, insulin for example, were to be patc...

How to look at dinosaur tracks

...neral appearance of the footprint become seriously altered by erosion.? Geologists also must account for whether the step was taken on a sloped surface or on a horizontal surface, and whether it was taken during dry season or wet season. For example, estimating foot length from tracks can be inaccurate...

Scripps research team sheds light on long-sought cold sensation gene

...he group observed the behavior of mice genetically altered to lack the gene in response to cold stimuli. ...mperature affects our behavior," he says. The altered mice also showed little response to the application of acetone to their hindpaw, which causes an unp...

Chronic fatigue syndrome impairs a person's slow wave activity during sleep

...ic fatigue syndrome (CFS) has been associated with altered amounts of slow wave sleep, which could reflect reduced electroencephalograph (EEG) activity and impaired sleep regulation. A study published in the May 1st issue of the journal SLEEP finds that CFS is also associated with a blunted slow wave activi...

Targeting sugar on blood vessels may inhibit cancer growth

...y impacted the tumor vasculature, and in doing so, altered the growth rate of tumors prepared from lung carcinoma cells in the mice. "We theorized that by targeting the sugar, heparan sulfate, we could affect angiogenesis, which is the formation of new blood vessels," said Fuster. "In cancer, angiogenesi...

Scientists identify prion's infectious secret

...nfect. Additionally, the prion’s behavior could be altered by subtle alterations in the recognition element’s amino acid sequence. While this prion is a laboratory construct not found in nature, these findings provide researchers with a new way to approach old questions, such as why some prion diseases c...

Tissue engineered scaffolding allows reproduction of cartilage tissue

... cartilage tissue as the shape and porosity can be altered to suit the type of tissue required." ...

Dinosaur hearing, listening to muscle noise, quieter cubicles

...coustical developments in the 20th century forever altered the sounds that U.S. residents heard and their ways of listening. Modern acoustical inventions such as sound meters, microphones, and reverberation equations brought about a new level of clarity and similarity in the acoustical environments of dispar...

Herpes infection may be symbiotic, help beat back some bacteria

...and the new results imply that infections may have altered our immune systems at a fundamental level. This could mean the virus-free animal models scientists use to study vaccines, autoimmune diseases, and other immune system issues have the potential to produce misleading results. "Chronic virus infectio...

Latent memory of cells comes to life

...n changes is that it is not the DNA itself that is altered - it is its immediate surroundings that change and thereby cause a cell to activate some of its dormant capacities?says Kim Sneppen, professor in Biophysics at the Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen . The environment controls the DNA ...

Proteasome activator enhances survival of Huntington's disease neuronal model cells

...rived neurons. We determined how this intervention altered cell survival after exposure to toxins known to simulate pathological mechanisms in HD. The manuscript shows that cellular changes due to expression of huntingtin protein with longer CAG repeats can reduce the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) fun...

Man's best friend lends insight into human evolution

...emerged once the brain systems mediating fear were altered ?and the same thing may have occurred in human evolution. Chimps, he says, are constrained in solving cooperative problems by their impulse to fear more dominant individuals and behave aggressively toward more subordinate ones. "Taken together," ...

Researchers find link between food odors and lifespan in fruit flies

...espan. The researchers also studied genetically altered strains of fruit flies to determine whether loss o...slower in the animal, so you haven't fundamentally altered the way it has aged. So we wanted to make sure the effect of caloric restriction wasn't just slowing...

Brain's reward circuit activity ebbs and flows with a woman's hormonal cycle

...t estrogen's effect on the reward circuit might be altered by the presence of progesterone during that period. Men showed a different activation profile than women during both anticipation and delivery of rewards. For example, men had more activity in a striatum (signal relay station) area during anticipa...

A 'traffic light' for neurons means 'go' for improving brain research

...i-Ping Wang. If use of the technique can show that altered activity in a particular kind of neuron underlies .... elegans to stop swimming while their genetically altered motor neurons were exposed to pulses of yellow light focused through a microscope. In some experimen...

Beyond the DNA: Chemical signatures reveal genetic switches in the genome

...d new information on gene expression and how it is altered in disease. "The beauty of this approach is that it utilizes a chemical signature present on histones but not DNA. Existing methods to predict enhancers rely on the DNA sequence alone, but these are inadequate because we have an incomplete understand...

Mutation improves memory, may lead to memory-enhancing pill

...dden platform. After several days of training, the altered mice were able to find the platform significantly faster than normal mice could, they reported. "For example, if a person were reading a page of a textbook, it might take several times to memorize it," Costa-Mattioli said. "A human equivalent of t...

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