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Tag: "abuse" at biology news

New study examines 'brain's own marijuana'

... that one of the major reasons that people use and abuse marijuana is to relieve stress,?according to Samir Haj-Dahmane, Ph.D., neuroscientist and principal investigator on the RIA study. “However, because marijuana can be addictive, it cannot be used to treat stress-related mood disorders such as anxiety....

Common gene version optimizes thinking -- but with a possible downside

...d this pivotal protein to depression and substance abuse as well as to schizophrenia," added NIMH Director Thomas Insel, M.D. To understand DARPP-32's role in the human brain, the NIMH researchers used genetic, structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging, and post-mortem techniques to identify...

Migration played key role in HIV spread in South Africa

...widely used illicit drug in the United States, and abuse of the drug is on the rise. The study is published in today's Archives of Internal Medicine. First author Jeanette M. Tetrault, M.D., and colleagues sought to find the relationship between marijuana smoking and pulmonary function or respiratory compl...

Long-term marijuana smoking leads to respiratory complaints

...widely used illicit drug in the United States, and abuse of the drug is on the rise. The study is published in today's Archives of Internal Medicine. First author Jeanette M. Tetrault, M.D., and colleagues sought to find the relationship between marijuana smoking and pulmonary function or respiratory compl...

Prenatal cocaine's lasting cellular effects

...high levels of cocaine -- usually coupled with the abuse of other drugs -- can lead to premature labor, pre...in human populations because cocaine abusers often abuse other drugs. Animal models can help determine how prenatal cocaine exposure might influence brain de...

Re-analysis of cigarettes confirms tobacco companies increased addictive nicotine 11 percent

...tor Edward Kennedy (D-Ma.) that would address this abuse and bring the tobacco industry under the rules that regulate other manufacturers of drugs." Beginning in 1997, Massachusetts regulations have required an annual report to be filed with the MDPH by all manufacturers of cigarettes sold in Massachuse...

Long-term narcotics use for back pain may be ineffective and lead to abuse

...o also found that behaviors consistent with opioid abuse was reported in 24 percent of cases. "Patients w... chronic back pain, and the incidence of substance abuse disorders among patients receiving opioid medications for chronic back pain. The study populatio...

Genes and genius: Researchers confirm association between gene and intelligence

...chers, who isolated DNA regions related to alcohol abuse and dependence, as well as a variety of other outcomes. Some of the participants in the study also took the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, a traditional IQ test. In all, members of 200 families, including more than 2,150 individuals, t...

Low levels of neurotransmitter serotonin may perpetuate child abuse across generations

Infant abuse may be perpetuated between generations by changes ... endured high rates of maternal rejection and mild abuse in their first month of life, their brains often produced less serotonin, a chemical that transmits ...

A valuable fly for research into disease

...f California's Ulrike Heberlein, a pioneer in drug abuse research using Drosophila. Her research group focu...e links between genes and behaviour caused by drug abuse and the mechanisms that regulate responses to psychostimulants such as alcohol, cocaine and nicotine...

New research identifies gene important for nicotine's effects on the brain

... dopamine system in the brain as do other drugs of abuse including cocaine and amphetamines. "Our work and that of others has shown that nicotine changes signaling in nerve cells in the dopamine system resulting in long-lasting effects," said Picciotto. "We believe that these changes in signaling may ...

New HIV statistics indicate increasing toll of AIDS on African American community

...an increased investment in education and substance abuse programs designed to prevent people from using injection drugs in the first place and help current users to quit, and establishing needle-exchange programs to minimize the risk of infection from sharing needles. Expand proven HIV prevention, dia...

Pleasure and pain: Study shows brain's 'pleasure chemical' is involved in response to pain too

...le others do not. "Variations in risk for drug abuse after initial exposures could be mediated by individual differences in the response of this neurotransmitter system to various forms of stress, with pain being itself a physical and emotional stressor," write the authors, led by David J. Scott, Ph.D....

High-tech research shows cocaine changes proteins and brain function

...inated involvement of multiple proteins in cocaine abuse provides insight into the molecular basis of the disease and offers new targets for pharmaco-therapeutic intervention for drug-abuse-related disorders, he said. "These studies are an important and significant step to further our understanding of th...

Hair samples show babies can be exposed to 'crystal meth' while in the womb

...etite and enhances sexual arousal. But long term abuse damages nerves in the brain and can lead to psycho...er illegal drug, predominantly cocaine. . Drug abuse increases complications of pregnancy and triples the likelihood of serious medical problems among th...

Study reveals how ADHD drugs work in brain

...mes amidst deep public concern over the widespread abuse of existing ADHD medicines. "There's been a lot of concern over giving a potentially addictive drug to a child [with ADHD]," says lead author Craig Berridge, a UW-Madison professor of psychology. "But in order to come up with a better drug we must ...

New HIV study identifies high-risk subgroups of adolescents

...nprotected sex, mental health crises and substance abuse exist at the same time, and also vary by gender. ...unt of unsafe sex reported only moderate substance abuse and low numbers of mental health issues, whereas the group of girls who reported only moderate amoun...

Just the expectation of a mirthful laughter experience boosts endorphins 27 percent, HGH 87 percent

...ay April 2, APS Behavioral neuroscience & drug abuse Section abstract 233.18/board #C706. Research was by Lee S. Berk, Department of Health Promotion and Education, School of Public Health and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University; Stanley A. Tan, Oakcrest Health Research I...

High resolution 'snapshots' detail dynamics of a cocaine antibody

...ical Biology. Despite intensive research, cocaine abuse continues to be a major public health problem, so ...d, "Development of effective therapies for cocaine abuse has been a long-standing goal, and a number of medications under study do show some promise. Immunop...

Team discovers possible 'universal strategy' to combat addiction

... acts on the part of the brain where many drugs of abuse exert their rewarding effects - the ventral tegmen...eating drug addiction," Zhang says. "Most drugs of abuse act on the neurons in this area." He cautions that much work remains to be done before a treatment ...

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