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A gene's first 'kiss' sets off that affair known as puberty

...iences (PNAS). Until now, little had been known about what instigates the cascade of hormone secretions ... begins to answer one of the most vexing questions about human development: What causes puberty to begin? How is it that the full repertoire of reproductive ...

New push for public health, AIDS spending at African Union summit

...vement, that this time there will be not just talk about an HIV strategy for the AU but how to tackle an action-oriented plan," Oxfam spokeswoman Shehnilla Mohamed said. "Governments are learning that fighting AIDS is not just a health issue but a development issue," she said. "Now they have to deliver ...

Man and mouse share genome structures

...t human chromosomes, numbers 21 and 22, containing about two percent of the human genome. They also sampled additional regions in both the human and mouse genomes, finding similar patterns along equivalent chromosomal regions, even where the underlying DNA sequences are different. Bernstein and Schreiber ...

Adding Radiation Therapy To Chemotherapy Improves Survival In Patients With High-risk Breast Cancer

...ate-risk patients. "Because uncertainties continue about the effectiveness of locoregional radiation therapy after mastectomy in moderate-risk patients, we strongly urge that a randomized controlled trial be mounted to resolve these uncertainties," they write. ...

Novel Asthma Study Shows Multiple Genetic Input Required; Single-gene Solution Shot Down

...ate-risk patients. "Because uncertainties continue about the effectiveness of locoregional radiation therapy after mastectomy in moderate-risk patients, we strongly urge that a randomized controlled trial be mounted to resolve these uncertainties," they write. ...

Molecular biology fills gaps in knowledge of bat evolution

...ssil record and conflicting or incomplete theories about their origins and divergence. Now, a research tea...their highly specialized echolocation - originated about 52 to 50 million years ago during a lush period of significant global warming in a region that is no...

UCSB scientists probe sea floor venting to gain understanding of early life on Earth

...n landforms on the Earth. However, little is known about hydrothermal venting from these common features. The team describes newly discovered geological and biological manifestations of hydrothermal activity at two sites on young abyssal hills flanking the East Pacific Rise, a fast-spreading portion of th...

Quantum Dots Research Leads to New Knowledge about Protein Binding in Plants

...uantum Dot bio-conjugates to uncover new knowledge about the binding of a protein at the growingpollen tube tip. This protein plays a critical role along with anotherprotein (chemocyanin) in guiding sperm-laden pollen tubes to the eggsfound in ovules. Applyingnanoparticles for imaging the protein localiza...

W.M. Keck Foundation funds study of friendly microbes

...ded in genomes and experimentally test predictions about gene functions that come from our computer-assiste...ished that provides detailed molecular information about the gut ecosystem for researchers. A second aspect of the project aims to directly identify the pro...

Yellowstone microbes fueled by hydrogen, according to U. of Colorado study

...gs before because the technology didn't existuntil about seven years ago. Now we can detect very low-levelc...e microbial community, Spearneeded to collect only about as much material as a pencil eraser.Sediment samples were scooped into special sample vials and imme...

It's not all genetic: Common epigenetic problem doubles cancer risk in mice

...way, Feinberg notes. In the mice -- as well as in about 30 percent of colon cancer patients and 10 percent of the general population -- the extra IGF2 stems not from a genetic problem, or mutation, but an "epigenetic" problem that improperly turns on the copy of the IGF2 gene that should remain off. Unli...

Priming embryonic stem cells to fulfill their promise

...r species," said Bhatia.Scientists have identified about 100 proteins - including laminin,fibronectin, and ...pottingmachines to deliver tiny volumes of liquid, about one trillionth of aliter per spot. The spotting machines, which cost as little as $20,000,have becom...

Growth in the sea comes down to a struggle for iron

...n around Antarctica, the equatorial Pacific out to about 140 degrees west and the sub-Arctic Pacific," says Wells. "The North Atlantic has a big spring bloom, just like we have on our coast, but these other areas have a persistent excess of nutrients because phytoplankton growth is reduced." Many scientis...

Poor prenatal nutrition permanently damages function of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas

...ed the same. There was nothing outwardly different about them." The two groups of offspring ate the same ch...e pancreas cannot make the hormone insulin at all; about 1 million Americans must control this form by taking insulin injections. In type 2 -- a disorder aff...

Emory Study Tests Bone Marrow Stem Cells to Improve Circulation in Legs

...those treatments are not options. To find out more about thestudy and eligibility, call 404-712-0170....

Current human embryonic stem cell lines contaminated UCSD/Salk team finds

...th this discovery, the preexisting general concern about usinganimal products for deriving human embryonic stem cells has become morespecific, being defined in molecular terms," Varki said."Such issues will, of course, become irrelevant if complete eliminationof Neu5Gc can be achieved by deriving new human...

Elusive HIV shape change revealed; Key clue to how virus infects cells

...n HIV vaccine, and will help us start strategizing about new approaches to vaccine development." The studies, performed in the Children's Hospital Boston Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, used the closely related simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) as a stand-in for HIV. By aiming an X-ray beam through a ...

Genome of deadly amoeba shows surprising complexity, evidence of lateral gene transfer

...cent of 300 children. Over a period of four years, about a third of the children suffered from amebic colit...ys the genome data will help researchers find more about what makes some people innately resistant to infection by E. histolytica, and what acquired immune r...

Antarctic ice shelf retreats happened before

...ealthy' ice shelf experienced an extensive retreat about 9500 years ago, more than anything seen in recent ...ent George VI Ice Shelf. The results revealed that about 9500 years ago the ice shelf retreated, allowing the sea to flood into the lake. The ice shelf didn'...

Tiny particles could solve billion-dollar problem

...t the gold-palladium nano-catalysts break TCE down about 100 times faster than bulk palladium catalysts. ...

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