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Tag: "neurons" at medical news

Study Offers Window into Human Behavior, Brain Disease

...rmined that the brain regions in which von Economo neurons arise -- the anterior cingulate and frontoinsular ...rising discovery that, among primates, von Economo neurons were seen only in great apes and humans. In the current study, the UCSF team set out to explore w...

Run Amok Enzyme Causes Same Problems in Both Humans and Fruit Flies

...oteins (Numb) involved in the differentiation into neurons and neuroblast self-renewal (aPKC) are not sorted ...on-promoting proteins are delivered into the young neurons and they never lose their stem-cell nature. This leads to a stem-cell tumor in the fly brain.” The...

Electrical Activity Alters Language Used By Nerve Cells

...s have shown that the chemical language with which neurons communicate depends on the pattern //of electrical activity in the developing nervous system. The findings suggest that modification of nerve activity could have potential as a treatment for a wide range of brain disorders. In the study, published t...

A Study Finds VENs Devastated in FTD

... that VENs were devastated in FTD//. Von Economo neurons (VENs) are uniquely shaped brain cells that seem to have evolved in a select group of socially complex species: great apes, humans, and, as reported last month, whales. Across species, VENs are localized to frontal brain regions associated with cogni...

Cellular Cues Identified for Stroke Recovery

...begin to form, and, like marching ants, newly born neurons migrate long distances to the damaged area to aid ...research has revealed that in the adult brain, new neurons form in a region of the forebrain known as the subventricular zone (SVZ). In mice, after a stroke wa...

High Doses of Lithium-Like Drugs May Impair Neuronal Function

...researchers strongly inhibited GSK-3 beta in mouse neurons in cell culture, the growth of axons, which carry ... set of experiments, the researchers treated mouse neurons with a low dose and a high dose of a GSK-3 beta inhibitor similar to lithium. The high dose impaired...

Stem Cell Activity Deciphered in the Aging Brain

...y and colleagues showed that the production of new neurons in rats slows down dramatically by middle age -- t...ting in dramatic reductions in the addition of new neurons in the hippocampus. To conduct their census, the researchers attached easy-to-spot fluorescent tag...

Brain Scan Helps in Spiting Schizophrenia

... grey matter, the brain tissue made principally of neurons that transmit messages and help to store memories. They found that the MRI scan could detect key changes in the brain's grey matter before a person develops symptoms of schizophrenia, which could help doctors in predicting the mental health disorder....

Brain Scan may Help Doctors Predict Schizophrenia

... in grey matter - brain tissue made principally of neurons that transmit messages and help to store memories. Eight of the 65 went on to develop schizophrenia an average 2.3 years after the first scan. The scans of each of the eight revealed that they had changes in grey matter that happened before they b...

How Taste-buds Develop?

...ithelial cells, taste buds have characteristics of neurons as well as skin. Like other types of epithelial ce...o the nervous system. In early tongue development, neurons enter the tongue epithelium and make synapses with taste bud cells. This study confirmed that taste ...

Parkinson’s- Transplanting Cure

... important question that remains is, Can we rescue neurons that are dying from Parkinson`s?” The researchers have initiated studies to assess the efficacy of such transplants. The findings of the study is published in the current issue of The Journal of Neuroscience SA...

Link Between Huntington’s and Abnormal Cholesterol Levels in Brain Establishe

...very system and causes cholesterol accumulation in neurons provides us with key results and solid clues to th...airs transport of essential materials required for neurons to function. When this transportation system goes awry in the parts of the brain affected in Hunting...

NMNAT Protein Protects Against Nerve Cell Degeneration

...rotein in their visual system, they found that the neurons degenerated very rapidly. However, keeping the flies in the dark and preventing their visual neurons from activating could slow the degeneration. "In the absence of the NMNAT protein, the photorecept...

Chemotherapy Affects The Structures Of The Human Brain – Says A Researc

...es have shown physical changes in the brain and in neurons caused by chemotherapy drugs. In human studies, however, the little data that is available is only available through imaging and is not consistent in the long-term. In addition, lack of controls in studies makes it difficult discern cancer- versus dr...

Parkinson's Mutation Stunts Neurons

...ing to their death. The loss of dopamine-producing neurons is central to the pathology of PD, and loss of connections among such neurons is an early feature of the PD disease process. The researchers, Asa Abeliovich and colleagues at C...

Zinc – A New Key Player In Brain Circuitr

...iology: why the connections among certain types of neurons contain// considerable pools of free zinc ions. Zi...iology: why the connections among certain types of neurons contain considerable pools of free zinc ions. And even though many studies had shown that zinc could...

Noise In Neurons Is good

... at the University of Rochester has found that the neurons get started in utterly unpredictable ways. In the November issue of Nature Neuroscience, the Rochester study shows that the brain's cortex uses seemingly chaotic, or 'noisy', signals to represent the ambiguities of the real world—and that this noise ...

Alternative Splicing - Molecular Cloning

...workings of human cells such as those found in the neurons of the brain. The researchers focused on a brain protein called Nova, that binds to RNA. Nova was first identified by Darnell and his colleagues in 1993, as the target protein in a neurodegenerative disease termed POMA (paraneoplastic opsoclonus-...

Child Rearing May Make Men Smarter

...-less monkeys. The fathers had more well-connected neurons in the prefrontal cortex, an area associated with higher-level planning and tasks. Kozorovitskiy also identified a rise in the number of receptors for a molecule that previous research has linked to parenting. This fact, she says, suggests that the ...

Brain stem Defects associated with SIDS

...the brainstems from SIDS-affected infants had more neurons that produce and utilize serotonin than the brainstems of the other babies. However, the number of serotonin receptors in the SIDS-affected infants’ brain was less, suggesting that these kids could not process serotonin as they normally should. D...

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