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Tag: "mutant" at medical news

New Insights into Antimalarial Drug Resistance

...prevent heme from crystallizing. We know these mutant proteins are controlling pH across two different membranes, but we dont yet know exactly how they are doing it, Roepe says. Still, knowing the pH values can help pharmacologists and chemists redesign a molecule to take advantage of these changes....

Altered Protein Structure was Found in Autism Patients

...f Utah. Incorrect partnering that results when a mutant neuroligin fails to properly align at synapses helps explain why the autism spectrum disorders are manifested in subtle behavioral abnormalities that are seen at an early age. Abnormal synaptic development in nerve connections is likely to lead to ...

Myelin Associated With Early Evolution of Huntington's Disease

...lling movement, take the strain of damage from the mutant gene in the disease. "And the early symptoms of Huntington's are problems with controlling movement, behavior and eventually thinking," Bartzokis said. The implications of this are significant, Bartzokis noted, since there is a decades-long period d...

Master Regulatory Gene of Epithelial Stem Cells Identified

...ell-known tumor-suppressing p53 gene. Without p63, mutant mice run out of the regenerative epithelial stem cells. The findings also have implications for cancers of the skin, breast and prostate, which are among the most common human malignancies. The role of p63 in epithelial stem cells has been controve...

Scientists Discover Rare ‘gene-for-gene’ Interaction That Helps Bacteria Kill Their Hot

...To test their findings, the researchers produced a mutant Photorhabdus that is unable to make ST. Without ST, the bacteria were less virulent. The researchers then used a technique known RNA interference to prevent the insects from producing the phenoloxidase enzyme. These insects were more susceptible to r...

Malfunction of Gene Causes Schizophrenia, Depression

...sion. The researchers' theory was that different mutant variations of DISC1 might have different pathologi...ns in DISC1. They found that, indeed, one of the mutant mouse strains exhibited abnormal behavior and memory deficiencies resembling the symptoms of schizop...

Resistance Already Emerging in First Months of Treatment Despite Viral Load Decline

... specificity of the assay allowed the detection of mutant virus populations if they comprised no more than 0.01-0.2% of the total virus population, compared to a normal resistance assay threshold of around 10-15%. The drug regimens varied, but all contained 3TC combined with another nucleoside reverse tra...

Discovery in Male Mice Gives Hope in Providing Clues to Find Infertility in Men

...is in its tracks, preventing sperm production. The mutant allele (one version of the pair of genes we inherit from each parent) is dominant; females who carry it remain fertile but carry the defect and pass the mutation on to future generations. However, female carriers show higher rates of abnormalities ...

Study Suggests Some Drug Resistance to Influenza B Medications

...nfected through contact with siblings shedding the mutant viruses. “Continued surveillance for the emergence or spread of neuraminidase inhibitor–resistant influenza viruses is critically important,” the authors write. “Further evaluation of the biological properties of neuraminidase inhibitor–resistant i...

‘Rip Van Winkle’ Treatment May Curb Cancer Cell Growh

... senescence. Sandy Chang and colleagues studied mutant mice with dysfunctional telomeres and copies of the p53 gene that cannot initiate p53-dependent apoptosis but can execute p53-mediated senescence. The authors found that activating the senescence pathway was sufficient to suppress spontaneous tumor...

Preventing Cancer Without Killing Cells

... as senescence. Sandy Chang and colleagues studied mutant mice with dysfunctional telomeres and copies of the p53 gene that cannot initiate p53-dependent apoptosis but can execute p53-mediated senescence. The authors found that activating the senescence pathway was sufficient to suppress spontaneous tumor...

Scientists Explore Ways to Lure Viruses to Their Death

...bacteria retract, the viruses can invade them. A mutant form of Pseudomonas grows a lot of extra hairs, wh...sts mixed normal bacteria with different levels of mutant traps and then infected them with viruses. After letting the viruses replicate, the scientists took ...

MIT Biologists Solve Vitamin Puzzle

... Walker resulted in a novel method for identifying mutant strains of a soil microbe that could not form a sy...plant. Walker's team has now found that one such mutant has a defective form of an enzyme known as BluB that leaves it unable to synthesize B12. BluB cata...

New Ribosome Finding Could Lead to Antiviral Therapies

... L3 mutation could not reproduce viruses. “These mutant forms of L3 also made cells resistant to certain antibiotics. Understanding how these mutants affect the interactions between ribosomes and factors that lead to drug resistance can provide the foundation for design of new antibacterials to counter re...

Inhibiting Blood to Save the Brain

...l cells and binds to fibrinogen. Mice expressing a mutant form of fibrinogen that failed to bind Mac-1 had fewer inflammatory lesions and less severe MS symptoms. Blocking the interaction between Mac-1 and fibrinogen after the first episode of paralysis using the fibrin peptide prevented subsequent relapses...

Successful Islet Cell Transplant in Mice With Type 1 Diabetes

...n down.” In this study, the research team used a mutant strain of mice in which p53 activity can be switched on and off. “In principle, tumors in these mice could be obliterated by turning p53 back on,” says Thomas-Tikhonenko. “The problem was that a protein called MDM2 sent p53 into the teeth of the prot...

Biologists Trace Cause Of Early Blindness To Tissue Defect

...omplete blindness by middle age. Using a line of mutant zebrafish developed by Rockefeller University’s Ji...h through dozens of zebrafish families to identify mutant zebrafish with traits that resemble human diseases. We use the screen to look for specific traits we...

Widely Used Hepatitis B Drug Spurs HIV Drug Resistance

...can be tailored to probe effects on any particular mutant of HIV. Lab results showed that entecavir, in concentrations less than a tenth of what is used in humans, cut the number of newly infected cells in half. However, at increasing concentrations, the drug had no greater impact on suppressing HIV repl...

Fruit Flies May Pave Way to New Treatments for Age-related Heart Disease

...nd James Posakony at UCSD, who originally made the mutant KCNQ fly for a different purpose. We then studied ... “The fact that heart functions deteriorate in the mutant flies during aging suggests that there are other channels and genes that contribute to cardiac aging...

“Bridge” Protein Spurs Deadliest Stages of Breast Cancr

... of mice which lacks the gene for Gab-2. The Gab-2 mutant mice were bred with two types of mice; one with an...cer cells with low potential for metastasis. The mutant mice showed minor effects from the initial growth of breast cancer cells, Feng and his team found, i...

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