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Tag: "molecule" at medical news

Drugs Activating PXR May Help In Treating Niemann-Pick type C disease

...em to build up to dangerous levels. In NPC, the molecule that builds up in the lysosomes is cholesterol. Cells use compounds made from cholesterol to sense and regulate their own internal cholesterol level. The jam in the lysosomes disrupts creation of these byproducts, impairing the cell's ability to sens...

Patients With Major Depression Have An Overstated Inflammatory response to Stress

... and the activity of a pro-inflammatory signalling molecule in white blood cells called nuclear factor-kB. While at rest (before the stress challenge), the depressed patients had increased inflammation relative to the control group. Both the depressed and the healthy groups showed an inflammatory response t...

Fimbriae Help Bacteria Stick Around Inside the Body

... their tip that binds in an unusual way to a sugar molecule on a surface. The FimH-sugar combination makes a 'catch bond' that acts like a finger trap, and actually gets stronger as drag force is exerted on a bacterium. Rather than being swept away by fluids moving through the human body, the bacterium gri...

Solution to Bacterial Mystery Promises New Drugs

... this process is the transfer of a fatty acid to a molecule called G3P. Bacteria then convert this molecule into a variety of other molecules called phospholipids, which are the building blocks of membranes. ...

Protein Molecules in blood predict preeclampsia development

...nd maintaining normal blood pressure. Similarly, a molecule known as transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) binds to endoglin, and this binding is also required to keep blood vessels healthy. Dr. Levine explained that the prevailing theory holds that, when the placenta isn't able to absorb sufficient ox...

Nitric Oxide Levels In Brain Indicate Sleep

... sleep is by stimulating production of a signaling molecule called cyclic GMP, and it may be possible to achieve the same effect by using drugs that block cyclic GMP's breakdown, Rosenberg says. One surprise in the research was that the main message telling the brain to go to sleep probably does not come fr...

Molecule responsible for age associated macular degeneration identified

CLEVELAND--A dart-like molecule that sticks to proteins in the eye is the main trigger for the unchecked growth of blood vessels, according to researchers at Case Western Reserve University and the Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute. //Uncontrolled blood vessel growth is one of t...

Study Finds Parkinson’s Cell Death Blocked by Stopping Inflammatory Facto

... on rats. By using a drug against an inflammatory molecule called tumor necrosis factor or TNF, the researchers saw a 50 percent drop in dopamine neuron death in the brains of rats injected with compounds that cause Parkinson’s-like cell death. “Our findings suggest that TNF-dependent inflammation may be p...

Molecular Medicine And Diabetes

...e metabolism results in increased levels of ATP, a molecule that cells use to store energy. The increase in ATP causes the potassium channel to close. After it closes, potassium ions accumulate within the cell. When they reach a certain level, they trigger the opening of calcium channels. Calcium ions flow in...

A Sun Tan Lotion that is not Skin-Deep

...na-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston said "A small molecule applied to the skin of red-haired, fair-skinned mice essentially rescued the pathway and allowed the mice to darken. The reactivation of that pathway was protective to the mice. What we're learning will hopefully be leading us to new strategies for s...

Insight Into Tanning Process Suggests Novel Way to Prevent Skin Cancer

...m the disease. "The study involved using a small molecule to essentially mimic the process that occurs when skin cells are struck by ultraviolet light from the sun," says the study's senior author, David E. Fisher, MD, PhD, director of the Melanoma Program at Dana-Farber and a professor in pediatrics at Chi...

Protein Increase Decreases Risk of Heart Failure

... he says, adding, "S100A1 appears to be a critical molecule to the adaptation of the heart to stress." Gener...clear that whenever you want to manipulate a heart molecule that doesn't have an enzymatic function, we have to use gene therapy," he notes. "We want to know as...

Using Multiphoton Microscopy to See Chromosomes in Action

...ssor in Engineering. The process is triggered by a molecule called heat shock factor (HSF), which interacts with genes to cue the synthesis of new proteins. But this well-known process had never been seen in living cells. Yao used multiphoton microscopy (MPM) to image living salivary gland tissue of Drosoph...

Synthetic DNA Makes Better Hydrogels for Drug Delivery

... a forthcoming print issue of the journal. A DNA molecule is a long chain in a sequence that is unique to each chain. Conveniently, two chains with complementary sequences can lock onto one another like two halves of a zipper. By making synthetic DNA chains whose sequences are complementary over only part o...

New Path from Estrogen to Survival in Breast Cancer Cells Described

...her genes. Here the investigators found SITR1, the molecule known to prolong life span in several other species. SITR1 is a histone deacetylase, a protein that blocks transcription factors from regulating genes. "When NEDD8 modified BCA3, it binds to p65 and recruits SITR1 to suppress NFkB-mediated transcript...

Gene Transfer Using Mutant Form of Good Cholesterol Cuts Vascular Plaque and Inflammation

...hey put the genes into the bone marrow. The signal molecule selectively goes into immune system cells called macrophages, which go into the arterial wall. “We examined the ability of both the wild type and the apo A-I Milano gene to move cholesterol out of the macrophages, a process called cholesterol efflu...

New Angiogenesis Finding May Help Fight Cancer Growth

...nder study at this point, but finding a regulatory molecule that affects four separate mechanisms "makes for a...his collaborators are looking further into how the molecule works in human cells and in mouse models of angiogenesis. Eventually, after years of basic researc...

ABCB6 Is Key to Production of Heme in Hemoglobin

...lled ABCB6 plays a central role in production of a molecule that is key to the ability// of red blood cells to...a; and that it ferries into mitochondria a type of molecule called a porphryin, a molecule essential for life. A report on these results appears in the advanced...

Cell-Wall Carbohydrate in Anthrax Bacterium Holds Promise for New Vaccines

... The unique nature of the carbohydrate makes the molecule an important target for evaluating its role in vir...e before the full potential of this unique anthrax molecule is understood. The problems facing researchers as they unravel all the molecular riddles of anthra...

Brain behind the Brawn: Vital Molecule in the Brain Controls Appetite

.... Scientists have narrowed their sights on a new molecule that works on the source of the problem – appetite...the main reason for over weight and obesity. This molecule in the brain is capable of making a person feel full, and satisfied, which is what the world needs t...

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