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Tag: "evolutionary" at medical news

Female Ducks Develop Complicated Genitals to Outwit Aggressive Males

...flexible phallus, she said. "You can envision an evolutionary scenario that, as the male phallus increases in si...ze, the female creates more barriers. You get this evolutionary arms race," Brennan said. Only if the female is relaxed and cooperative can the male's sperm get a...

Useful Parasites

...y by the host on the Wolbachia for survival," said evolutionary biologist Andrew Weeks at the University of Melbou...some nutritional benefit in the host. Remarkable evolutionary changes usually millions of years but here in this aspect it has taken only 2 decades which is quite...

Gene Responsible for Ageing Process Discovered and Calorie Restriction Could Help

...nimal kingdom. Some scientists suggested it was an evolutionary adaptation to surviving hard times until enough food became available. The longevity-associated gene identified by Dr Dillin and his colleagues is known as PHA-4 - the name of the protein for which the gene is responsible. The same gene also exists...

Gene Variant Responsible for Acquiring Intellect and Memory in Humans Identified

...ces learning and memory," the New Scientist quoted evolutionary biologist Jianzhi Zhang of the University of Michigan, as saying....

Female Reproductive Function Influenced by Childhood Environment

...rmone levels, accordingly. This is an advantage in evolutionary terms, as it makes the best of the resources and energy available for reproduction in any given circumstance. "Girls who migrate at a young age seem to mature more quickly when they find themselves in an environment where the body has more access t...

Extinction Risk of Grazing Animals Depends on Reproductive Speed

...risk of extinction for large grazing animals, said evolutionary biologist Samantha Price, a postdoctoral fellow at the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center in Durham, North Carolina. According to her, this key variable also explains, for example, why the American bison was nearly wiped out in just a few years...

Study Finds the Spread of Rabies in North American Raccoons

... Real said. "Our study demonstrates the combined evolutionary and population dynamic processes characterizing the spread of a pathogen after its introduction into a susceptible host population," Real said. During invasion, emerging pathogens, such as rabies, ebola and hantavirus, undergo rapid evolution while...

Protein Folds Research Offers Insight into Metabolic Evolution

...ture and their advance offers a new window on the evolutionary history of metabolism. Researchers at the Unive... which have never before been used to work out the evolutionary history of protein architecture across biological networks. We are interested in how structure evo...

Resistance to Scientific Explanations By Children and Adults

...s resistance to central tenets of neuroscience and evolutionary biology because the concepts clash with intuitive ...xplanations for the origin of species and may find evolutionary accounts confusing and implausible. Other popular nonscientific beliefs, said Bloom and Weisberg, ...

Genes Associated With Limb Development is More Primitive Than Believed

...h debated theory that limb acquisition was a novel evolutionary event and required the descendents of lobed-fin fish to dramatically alter their genes to adapt their bodies to their new environments of streams and swamps. An autopodial-like pattern of Hox gene expression in the fins of a basal actinopterygian f...

Scientists Discover Secret Behind Inflorescence

...lar genetics, the team found the secret behind the evolutionary processes that work together to create inflorescences as different as Forget-Me-Not and Snapdragon. "This is a unifying theory that provides an explanation for the diversity of inflorescences we see in nature," said Dr. Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz, t...

Color Vision Drove Primates to Develop Red Skin and Hair, Study Finds

...ers then used a phylogenetic tree representing the evolutionary relationships among all the primate species under ...comparing the traits of individual species in this evolutionary context, Fernandez and Morris could statistically deduce the probability of their ancestors having t...

Genes may Have a Role in Learning "tonal Languages"

...nction, Newscientist.com quoted Bernard Crespi, an evolutionary biologist at Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, Canada, as saying. Given that both genes function in brain development, Dediu and Ladd recommend that they may have restrained effects on the administration of the cerebral cortex, as well as the are...

Research Throws Light on Adaptation of E.coli to Changing Conditions

...ution were based on observation. Now, we can study evolutionary change as it is happening, by selecting organisms that change rapidly, such as the fruit fly or E. coli. This advantage allows scientists to investigate how changes occur and how they affect an organism's individual physiology and overall community."...

Notion Behind Spread of Flu Epidemic may Not Hold True for the Tropics

...viral behavior in the tropics," said Eddie Holmes, evolutionary virologist at Pennsylvania State University, University Park. The researchers also said that the study suggested that vaccines for 70 pct of the elderly across Brazil, may prove more effective if administered at different times in different regions...

Women Choose Their Men With Their Fathers Resemblance

... selection, which could move studies in areas like evolutionary biology, fertility and genetics a step forward and offer new insights in areas such as relationship counselling and psychology. Author Dr Lynda Boothroyd of Durham University explains: While previous research has suggested this to be the case, thes...

Selection of Best X Chromosome in Women

...demi believes the randomness actually does give an evolutionary advantage. The mechanism means equal numbers of both the maternal and paternal X chromosome are preserved in the gene pool and the resultant population thus has more chance of surviving any biological threat targeted at a single version of the X ch...

Lizard Mothers Dress Their Progeny to Ensure Success in Later Life

...' Coauthor Barry Sinervo, professor of ecology and evolutionary biology, said. Lancaster used a combination of laboratory and field experiments to tease apart a complex set of interactions involving hormones, genetics, social interactions, behavioral strategies, and predators. According to Lancaster, the mat...

Landmark Study Prompts Rethink of Genetic Code

...resumption that they are merely driftwood from our evolutionary past and have no biological function. But the work... that there is a point behind this survival of the evolutionary cull. Humans could share with other animals a large pool of functional elements -- a "warehouse" stu...

Research on Fruit Bats

...e percent cones. "The retina of flying foxes is no evolutionary quirk, but conforms to the general mammalian blueprint that comprises rods and cones", says Muller. The studied flying fox species (genus Pteropus) were shown to have two spectral cone types, the so-called blue cones that detect short-wave light, a...

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