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Tag: "evolutionary" at medical news

Boeing Unveils 'green' Dreamliner Passenger Jet

...o echoed Aboulafia's assessment. "This is the next evolutionary step in aviation," Hamilton told US media. "It's a game-changer for its manufacturing and assembly processes and will probably be mimicked by succeeding airplanes." The Dreamliner's other innovations include greater levels of comfort for passengers...

Chemical Injections for Fat Removal

...e, not in the brain. This finding makes sense if evolutionary advantage is considered, Zukowska said. If you can store fat for times of hardship, you have a fat reserve that can be turned into energy for the next fight. The same mechanism may be happening in humans, she said. An accumulation of chronic stress...

Major Gene Link Seen to Childhood Asthma

...nvironment jigsaw that makes up the disease." In evolutionary terms, ORMDL3 appears to be a very old part of the human genome. Similar genes are found in primitive organisms such as yeast. It may be a relic of some ancient human immune system, although its precise function -- and the role it appears to play i...

A New Study Throws Limelight in HIV Vaccine Production

...n multiple HIV genes in response to HLA-associated evolutionary pressure. Researchers successfully mapped sites within particular HIV genes where variations can improve the viruss ability to escape immune recognition, showing this is predictable based upon the HIV patients individual HLA class 1 profile. This...

Fat Horses Face Health Problems

...rses today are managed much differently from their evolutionary roots, indicated Dr. Pleasant. The horse evolved as a free-roaming grazer on sparse pasture types, he said. Later the horse served primarily as a work animal, serving as a source of transportation and draft power. Today, most horses serve as companio...

Size and Position of Floral Anther Plays a Vital Role in Pollination

... presentation at a joint ASPB and BSA symposium on evolutionary development at the annual meeting in Chicago (July...stems we depend on. Flower architecture has great evolutionary and economic importance. Minute differences in the size and placement of the male and female reprodu...

Water Hyacinth is Used for Health Improvements in Africa

...tion. The lake itself is a natural laboratory of evolutionary biology because of its diverse cichlid fish populations, and it has provided livelihoods for humans for many thousands of years. With no natural enemies in Africa, the water hyacinth proliferated around Lake Victoria and resulted in reduced fish ca...

Completely Neutral Evolutionary Changes Helped Shape Our Genome

...hat many of the genetic bits and pieces that drive evolutionary changes do not confer any advantages or disadvant...cy as species advance, it suggested there was some evolutionary purpose to keeping them around. Strikingly, however, none of these numts contained the blueprint ...

Amorous African Fish Exchange Electric Pulses While Mating

... have been shaped in part by sexual selection, the evolutionary process responsible for many animals' elaborate decorative features and courtship behaviors....

Scientists Revealed the Key Molecule That Controls Pain

...t slime mould we were effectively able to turn the evolutionary clock back a billion years to see how a more primi...quivalent. They were therefore able to deduce from evolutionary theory that it was these similar parts of the molecule that probably regulate pain in humans. Its ...

Human Pain-controlling Molecule's Structure Identified

...was 10 percent similar and suggest on the basis of evolutionary theory that these similar parts of the molecule pr...t slime mould we were effectively able to turn the evolutionary clock back a billion years to see how a more primitive P2X molecule functions," Nature quoted Thomps...

Plants Respond to Changing Environment

...ys flowering plants. It also involves two types of evolutionary change. As well as structural changes that allow the proteins to interact, flowering plants have also changed the range of genes that are turned on and off in response to these proteins. This work was supported by the Biotechnology and Biological S...

Natural Selection in Butterflies

... to hatch. "To my knowledge, this is the fastest evolutionary change that has ever been observed," said Sylvain ..." Charlat worked with Gregory Hurst, a reader in evolutionary genetics at University College London and senior author of the paper. Descriptions of all-female bro...

Walking Upright Saves Humans 75 Pc More Energy Compared to Apes

...savings could have provided early hominids with an evolutionary advantage over other apes by reducing the cost of foraging for food, said Herman Pontzer, Ph.D., assistant professor of Anthropology in Arts & Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis. "Walking upright on two legs is a defining feature that m...

Evolution of HIV from African Greek Monkeys

...oral candidate in the UA department of ecology and evolutionary biology. "This finding sheds light on the future d...l Worobey, a UA assistant professor of ecology and evolutionary biology. The new work suggests African green monkeys' SIVs, or SIVagm, may have lost their virulen...

Twin Brother may Reduce Sister's Fertility by 25 Percent

...sex twins have fewer grandchildren and hence lower evolutionary fitness," the BBC quoted her as saying. The researchers say that experiments on animals have shown evidence that testosterone may potentially damage female fertility. They, however, admitted that more research was needed to look at this mechanism ...

Scientists Find Evidence of Human-like Altruism in Chimps

...humans. The team is now of the opinion that the evolutionary roots of human altruism may go deeper than previously thought, reaching as far back as the last common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees. The study, 'Spontaneous altruism by chimpanzees and young children' appears in this week's edition of the Pub...

'Missing Link' Stem Cells may Shorten Path to Therapies

...was perplexing," Pedersen told AFP. "Was is it the evolutionary divergence of mice and men, or was there a developmental explanation, reflecting different stages of growth?" This question spurred Pedersen and his team to challenge conventional wisdom and see whether the bio-chemical conditions used to maintain ...

Living With Stress

...enetic bottleneck or population bottleneck is an evolutionary event where 50% or more of a species or population is killed or prevented from reproducing. The lesson learnt is, we can allow stress to either serve us or master us. It all boils down to how we handle stress. Handling stress 'Nothing can be...

RNA Play a Vital Role in Gene Activity

...Because RNA is thought to have preceded DNA in the evolutionary timeline, it makes sense that it still plays a role in controlling DNA's function. Rinn and Chang's Stanford collaborators on the research include cancer biology graduate students Jordon Wang and Xiao Xu; surgical postdoctoral scholar Samantha Brug...

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