Study sheds light on causes of HIV dementia

... in India are due to infection with a subtype or clade of HIV, known as clade C, while most cases in the U.S. and Western Europe are due to clade B. Based on these observations, in 2004, a ...

Study sees need for standardized evaluation of antibody response to HIV-1

... This study looked specifically at the role of clade in eliciting protective responses. Working with ... researchers had access to a wide range of pure clade reagents, which they used to analyze the ... Polonis and colleagues also found that the clade C antibody pool (from subjects infected ...

Booster vaccination may help with possible future avian influenza pandemic

... arises as to whether vaccines based on an older clade will be effective against newer versions. The ... a single booster dose of a vaccine based on a clade 1 H5N1 virus circulating in Vietnam in 2004 to ... two doses of a vaccine based on the original, clade 0 virus that appeared in Hong Kong in 1997. ...

GeoVax Labs, Inc. Announces Six Month 2009 Financial Results and Provides Operational Update

... with the Securities and Exchange Commission. HIV/AIDS Background HIV affects the entire globe and comes in a variety of subtypes. clade B is the predominant subtype in North America where there are roughly 60,000 new infections each year. Globally, there are about 2.5 million AIDS ...

US Orders More H5N1 vaccine

... that its new contract is for a vaccine based on a clade 2 (subgroup 2) H5N1 virus. The existing stockpile is based on clade 1 viruses, which circulated and caused human ... Thailand, Vietnam, and Cambodia in 2004 and 2005. clade 2 viruses circulated in birds in China and ...

Largest Ever African HIV Vaccine Trial Opens in South Africa

... as the STEP study. HVTN 502 was designed to study the vaccine, based on clade B HIV, primarily in men who have sex with men, and some women. The ... will examine whether the vaccine has the potential to protect against the clade C virus, the subtype prevalent in South Africa. Analysis of a phase I ...

Monkeys Respond To HIV Treatment

... disease, while those in the medical field have called for more practical methods to halt the spread of the disease. Even among the HIV virus, the A clade variety is reported to be less deadly than the D type, which brought about death more rapidly. There are a total 40 million people in this world who ...

Clade in Medical Technology

GlaxoSmithKline Receives New HHS Order for H5N1 Bulk Antigen. First North American Clinical Trials with GSK's Candidate Pre-pandemic Flu Vaccine to Start.

... is in addition to the 5 million doses of H5N1 clade 2 bulk antigen at 15 mcg HA/dose ordered in ... procures an additional 9 million doses of H5N1 clade 2 bulk vaccine produced in the 2006 manufacturing campaign and 13.5 million doses of H5N1 clade 2 bulk vaccine expected to be produced in the ...

GeoVax Labs, Inc. Announces Results of 2009 Annual Shareholders Meeting

... be found on GeoVax's website at www.geovax.com . HIV/AIDS Background HIV affects the entire globe and comes in a variety of subtypes. clade B is the predominant subtype in North America where there are roughly 60,000 new infections each year. Globally, there are about 2.5 million AIDS ...

Vical Announces Breakthrough for Pandemic Influenza DNA Vaccines With Preliminary Human Data

... responders at Day 21 after a single vaccine injection. Preliminary analyses also showed cross-strain immune responses against a strain of H5N1 from a clade not matching the vaccine. Cross-strain protection could be important against emerging strains of pandemic influenza that may not match vaccine ...

The New England Journal of Medicine Publishes Study Investigating the Safety and Efficacy of Baxter's Cell-Based Pandemic, Avian Flu Vaccine

... non-adjuvanted formulations (76.2 percent and 78.0 percent, respectively, with neutralizing titer more than 1:20). The responses against the clade 2 strain were somewhat lower (45.2 percent and 36.6 percent with NT titers greater than or equal to 1:20 for the 7.5 micrograms and 15 ...

NanoViricides Drugs Found To Be Highly Effective Against Most Recent Strain of the H5N1 Avian Flu Virus

... rabies and BSL3 in vitro studies against a clade 2 H5N1 (avian influenza) virus at the 23rd Annual ... Virology Symposium) The BSL3 studies against clade 2 H5N1, a Dec. 2006 isolate in Vietnam, showed ... and is now found in two distinct subgroups, clade ...

Baxter Announces Final Phase I/II Data and Initiation of Phase III Clinical Trial for Candidate Pandemic H5N1 Influenza Vaccine

... (based on neutralizing antibodies) at day 42 was 76.2 percent. Immunity induced by the vaccine also neutralized divergent H5N1 virus strains like the clade three strain A/Hong Kong/156/97, and the Clade two strain A/Indonesia/05/05. The most common side effects observed were injection site reactions, ...

Global Rabies Treatment May be Possible with NanoViricides Drugs

... discussed today the results of recent animal studies against rabies that were presented along with the successful BSL3 in vitro studies against a clade 2 H5N1 virus at the 23rd Annual Symposium of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology in Tampa, FL, on Wednesday, May 2. (Pan American ...

Mymetics' HIV Vaccine Demonstrates First-Ever Production of Neutralizing IgA Antibodies in Non-Human Primate Model

... total IgA was purified for testing in standard neutralizing assays (TZMbl), the IgA antibodies also showed the ability to neutralize a primary HIV clade B virus (QH0692) known to be difficult to neutralize. Mucosal IgA produced against the HIV gp41 protein after vaccination was determined to be as ...

Clade in Biological News

Snails and humans use same genes to tell right from left

... to establish right and left. Fruit flies and nematodes are in the clade Ecdysozoa, while snails and worms are members of the clade Lophotrochozoa. Grande approached Patel four years ago to collaborate ...

Revealing the evolutionary history of threatened sea turtles

... that one major group of sea turtles includes sister species flatback and green turtles (one carnivorous and the other herbivorous), while another clade is formed by the hawksbill, loggerhead, Kemp's Ridley and Olive Ridley turtles. The leatherback is confirmed as the most basal of all the sea ...

Study outlines genetic differences between potential pandemic influenza strains

... into subgroups called clades. In 2003 and 2004, clade 1 viruses were primarily responsible for ... strain found that it belongs to genotype Z clade 2, a subgroup of the virus that previously was not known to cause human disease. clade 1 ...

Africa's first large-scale HIV vaccine study launches

... Africa vaccine trial will determine if this vaccine, which is based on clade B HIV, has the potential to protect against the clade C virus, the subtype prevalent in South Africa. Phase IIb trials cannot be ...

NIAID DNA vaccine for H5N1 avian influenza enters human trial

... to accelerate developing a human vaccine for avian influenza. With the spread of avian influenza virus, new strains have emerged, including clade II viruses in Indonesia and elsewhere that have drifted genetically from the initial strains detected in Southeast Asia. With this study, the ...

Clade in Biological Technology

GeoVax Signs HIV/AIDS Vaccine Proposal With Health and Hospital System of Cook County, Illinois

... that agreements will result from the proposal. HIV/AIDS Background HIV affects the entire globe and comes in a variety of subtypes. clade B is the predominant subtype in North America where there are roughly 60,000 new infections each year. Globally, there are about 2.5 million AIDS ...

U.S. Government Accepts $192 Million of sanofi pasteur H5N1 Bulk Vaccine Antigen for Pandemic Stockpile

... effort to diversify the vaccine stockpile program to include new strains of the H5N1 virus. The antigen lot accepted today will protect against a clade 2.2 strain of H5N1 virus (A/Barheaded goose/Qinghai Lake/01/2005) that is particularly troubling because it is the first to be identified in ...

Clade in Biological Definition

Cladistics

... one item or a hundred thousand, is called a clade . A correct cladogram should have all the organisms contained in any one clade share a unique ancestor for that clade, one which ... with any other organisms on the diagram. Each clade should be set off by a series of characteristics ...

Genomics

... of genomes has resulted in some surprising biological discoveries. If a particular DNA sequence or pattern is present among many members of a clade , that sequence is said to have been conserved among the species. Evolutionary conservation of a DNA sequence may imply that it confers a relative ...

Clade in Biological Dictionary

Clade

... A clade is a term used in modern alpha taxonomy, the ... ancestor and all ... The concept of a clade is central to cladistics. A clade consists of a single organism and all of its ...

Paraphyletic

... systematics but not ... A paraphyletic group is an incomplete clade - a clade from which one or more ... For example, group AB above is paraphyletic ; ...

Tracheophytes

... Ordovician) PreЄ Є ... plants ( tracheophytes ) †Rhyniophyta—rhyniophytes ... The earliest fossil tracheophytes are of Wenlock age; but the clade probably ... With few exceptions, tracheophytes have specialized water conducting elements ... ·Non- tracheophytes (plants lacking a ...

Monophyletic

... groupings. 1.2 Basic procedure. 2 ... Cladistic taxonomy requires taxa to be clades ( monophyletic groups) ... A monophyletic group is a clade ... Monophyletic . A group in a biological taxonomy is monophyletic (greek: of ... is monophyletic . ... prefer groups to be monophyletic ...

Isozyme

... isozyme quotes. ... variation: Recent studies of isozyme variation have revealed three ... The European Bioinformatics Institute ... This clade is found only in eukaryotes and includes human adenylate kinase isozyme 1 (myokinase) ... Isozyme loci can be particularly useful for ...

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