Organelles in Medical News

'Artificial Golgi' may provide new insight into key cell structure

... point out that Golgi bodies are one of the most poorly understood organelles (specialized structures inside cells) in the human body. Scientists already know, however, that the organelles play a key role in producing heparin, a substance that helps prevent ...

Transgenomic Obtains Exclusive License to Mitochondrial DNA Damage Detection Technology

... increased oxidative damage within mitochondria. Mitochondria are organelles that produce the energy required for cells to function normally. As the ... About Mitochondrial DNA Tests from Transgenomic Mitochondria are organelles that produce the energy required for cells to function normally. There ...

Mitochondria play role in pathogenesis of AD and estrogen-induced neuroprotection

... Award. He also received an AAA travel award. Mitochondria, small organelles within the cells, use a process called Oxidative Phosphorylation to ... include: an increase of mitochondrial efficiency, enhancing the organelles ability to generate energy-laden ATP molecules needed by the brain; ...

Capsules encapsulated

... and nontoxic", says Brigitte Staedler, a senior researcher in the group, "they would also be suitable for use as resorbable synthetic cell organelles and for the transport of drugs." In addition, the scientists are planning to encapsulate liposomes filled with different enzymes together and to ...

Zebrafish Journal Publishes Skin Pigmentation Studies That Shed Light on the Evolution of Race

... ornamental traits of the guppy, the link between pigment and fish behavior, and pigment dilution mutants in fish models connected to lysosome-related organelles and vesicular traffic genes. Zebrafish is an authoritative peer-reviewed journal published quarterly in print and online. This is the only ...

Researchers identify toehold for HIV's assault on brain

... that Tat works through the ryanodine receptor to sicken neurons in two ways. Scientists have known that Tat makes vulnerable the mitochondria, organelles within neurons and other cells that are commonly considered the "power packs" or energy sources for cells. The team discovered that Tat destroys the ...

NYP/Weill Cornell gene therapy clinical trial yields promising results for Batten disease

... the disease, causing a deficiency in the enzyme TTP-1, which is responsible for ridding cells of the central nervous system of waste materials. Small organelles within the cell, called lysosomes, become clogged with toxic material within the neurons of the brain. "It's like the garbage man of the cell is ...

Unexpected role: EGFR protects cancer cells from starving

... cells died of autophagy - a self-cannibalization response in which a cell under stress or lacking nutrients devours part of its cytoplasm and other organelles to survive. When this response goes on long enough, the cell essentially eats itself until it dies. In cancer research, autophagy is thought to be a ...

Scripps scientists find calcium channel blockers help normalize lysosomal storage disease cells

... storage diseases result from deficient enzyme activity that leads to an accumulation of molecules that the enzymes break down in the lysosomes, organelles or subcellular compartments that normally break down macromolecules utilizing hundreds of degradatory enzymes. In many lysosomal storage diseases, ...

Pathway to cell death redefined in landmark study

... caused by the calpain family of cysteine proteases and by neutralizing other cysteine proteases released from injured cellular structures called organelles as they are being digested by the lysosome. As part of their study, Drs. Silverman, Luke and colleagues labeled enzymes within the lysosomes of ...

Pathway to cell death redefined in landmark study

... caused by the calpain family of cysteine proteases and by neutralizing other cysteine proteases released from injured cellular structures called organelles as they are being digested by the lysosome. As part of their study, Drs. Silverman, Luke and colleagues labeled enzymes within the lysosomes of ...

Cellular Pathway Yields Potential New Weapon in Vaccine Arsenal

... When a cell has to destroy any of its organelles or protein aggregates, it envelops them in a membrane, forming an autophagosome// , and then moves them to another compartment, the lysosome, for ...

Male Contraception: Discovery Stirring Interest Among Scientists, Drug Developers

... part of the sperm tail, or flagella. This was an unexpected finding because the three previously identified ATP/ADP carrier proteins reside in cell organelles called mitochondria. In sperm, the mitochondria reside in a region called the midpiece. UVa researchers also found that SFEC has extensions at ...

John Hopkins Develops An Online Tool To Help In Research Of Certain Rare Diseases

... disease and left-right axis defects, for example - that share similar clinical problems and cilia malfunctions,' says Katsanis. Cilia are organelles whose main function was once thought confined to helping one-celled organisms propels themselves around. Although they had been observed in many ...

High -tech Mitochondrial DNA Sequencing Tool Updated

... reliably sequences all mitochondrial DNA, in the September issue of the Journal of Molecular Diagnostics. Mitochondria which are the energy-producing organelles in cells, are unique because they are equipped with their own genetic instructions distinct from the DNA stored in the cell nucleus. The ...

MitoChip v2.0 – the new Mitochondrial DNA sequencing too

... of Molecular Diagnostics. The mitochondria have their own DNA distinct from that stored in the cell nucleus. They are the energy-producing organelles in our cells. The authors say their full-sequence chip will be a key tool in accelerating research on mitochondrial DNA, a growing area of scientific ...

Discovery of Agile Molecular Motors Could Aid in Treating Motor Neuron Diseases

... with a motor walking across it, but in the cell it’s different: microtubules are packed together, with proteins studded along them, and cellular organelles and mitochondria are crammed in. The motor needs to maneuver around those ‘obstructions.’” Goldman and Holzbaur suggest that the ability of the ...

Antibiotic Proved Protective against Heart Tissue Damage and Cell Death – Research Find

... through the opening of the mitochondrial KATP channel of heart cells, rapamycin enables cells to maintain ATP levels. Mitochondria are cellular organelles critical for converting oxygen into ATP, the key fuel for cellular function. ‘Rapamycin may one day be beneficial as a potential therapeutic ...

Alzheimer's-linked apolipoprotein E produced by neurons, Gladstone study

... now underway at Gladstone and elsewhere indicate that those fragments may interfere with glucose metabolism in the mitochondria (small intracellular organelles responsible for energy production, among other functions), leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal cell death. The paper, ‘Profile ...

Biomarkers Could Prove Significant In Understanding Aging Process

... laboratory-simulated aging as well as potential drugs or therapies that alter the aging process.” The reserachers focused on the DNA of cellular organelles called mitochondria, which are known as the "power house" of the cell owing to their ability to generate energy that is vital for various cell ...

Perfect babies boon or a bane?

... changes, in treating mitochondrial genetic diseases. Mitochondria are not part of the nucleus (genetic material) of the cell, but they are organelles which live within the cell membrane, and do influence its function. Medical researchers are now able to treat these diseases by inserting segments of ...