Endoplasmic in Medical News

Researchers aim to over-stress already taxed mantle cell lymphoma cells

... stress. They also found that the usually busy endoplasmic reticulum of these cells, which is supposed to be ... fast pace. This also puts more stress on the endoplasmic reticulum. Independently hsp90 inhibitors are ... inhibitors to study protective versus lethal endoplasmic reticulum stress as a way to get rid of mantel ...

Molecular biology of sleep apnea could lead to new treatments

... motor neurons of the jaw and face had swollen endoplasmic reticula, the part of the cell where proteins get ... that misfolded proteins accumulated as the endoplasmic reticula of mice were exposed to decreased oxygen ... sleep over eight weeks. The involvement of the endoplasmic reticula has never been shown before in ...

Scripps scientists find calcium channel blockers help normalize lysosomal storage disease cells

... concentration and distribution of cytoplasmic and endoplasmic reticulum chaperones, possibly by activating ... levelsXaltering calcium homeostasisXin the endoplasmic reticulum appears to be a relatively safe and ... Altering calcium homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum does not appear to affect the folding ...

St. Jude finds mechanism for faulty protein disposal

... proteasome. The protein factory, called the endoplasmic reticulum, is somewhat like an origami workshop: In the endoplasmic reticulum, molecules called chaperones help to ... faulty, defective proteins are ejected from the endoplasmic reticulum through channels called ...

Key protein may explain the anti-aging and anti-cancer benefits of dietary restriction

... from dietary restriction required activity in signaling pathways in the endoplasmic reticulum, the part of the cell involved in processing and the proper ... area of investigation to examine the mechanisms by which stress in the endoplasmic reticulum affects lifespan. ...

Researchers identify toehold for HIV's assault on brain

... of Tat as well. Tat has a dramatic effect on an organelle known as the endoplasmic reticulum, where proteins are actually assembled and folded. Gelbard's ... long-lasting effects on the brain, causing problems with mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum weeks later. Perhaps most striking, Gelbard says, is the ...

Discovery of gene mechanism could bring about new ways to treat metastatic cancer

... that mda-7/IL-24 induces tumor-specific killing through a process known as endoplasmic reticulum stress. The endoplasmic reticulum, or ER, is a subcellular structure that plays a key role in ...

Retinal Gene Is Linked to Childhood Blindness

... in LCA, but SPATA7 is the first gene with a mutation that disrupts the protein transport between two important compartments of the cell -- the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. Because all proteins in every cell have to pass through this transport system, a mutation in SPATA7 might affect ...

Slices of living brain tissue are helping scientists identify new stroke therapies

... folded proteins they need for normal function. MCG Retinal Biologist Sylvia Smith and others have shown that sigma receptors are located within the endoplasmic reticulum of cells, which controls protein synthesis and regulates calcium levels. When needed, the receptors appear to chaperone these proteins to ...

Bionovo to Present Recent Findings of BN108, its Anticancer Agent, at the 31st Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium

... Cancer Research at Bionovo, BN108 induces death in cancer cells but not in normal cells. BN108 induces apoptosis through induction of stress in the endoplasmic reticulum. Laboratory studies show that BN108 inhibits major oncogenic pathways, and therefore, can be used for many different cancers. ...

Fat Cells in Obese People Are 'Sick'

... Professor of Medicine and chief of endocrinology, said in Temple press release. Boden said that the obese people's fat cells showed stress on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which helps cells synthesize proteins and monitor how they are folded. When the ER is stressed, Boden explained, it produces several ...

Calcium may be the key to understanding Alzheimer's disease

... Foskett, PhD, Professor of Physiology. "Mutated PS1 and PS2 caused exaggerated cellular calcium signaling in cells through a calcium channel in the endoplasmic reticulum called the inositol trisphosphate receptor [InsP3R], suggesting that it or other proteins in this calcium signaling pathway could be ...

UMass Medical School receives $300,000 from JDRF and Iacocca Foundation

... Specific laboratories and their respective projects supported by the grants include: Rita Bortell, PhD, associate professor of medicineThe role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in immune cell functions and during pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes Stephen J. Doxsey, PhD, professor of molecular ...

UMass Consortium awarded $300,000 from Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation and Iacocca Foundation

... Specific laboratories and their respective projects supported by the grants include: Rita Bortell, PhD, associate professor of medicineThe role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in immune cell functions and during pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes Stephen J. Doxsey, PhD, professor of molecular ...

Attenuation of NASH by stimulation of free fatty acid metabolism

... peroxisomal L-bifunctional enzyme (L-PBE), acetyl-COA oxidase (ACO) and urate oxidase (UO); the third pathway is omega-oxidation, which occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum. This pathway is dependent upon expression of the cytochrome enzymes CYPA410 and CYP4A14. Stimulation of these pathways either ...

A new molecular zip code, and a new drug target for Huntington's disease

... is found in all cells, yet its function was unknown. It appears that huntingtin is crucial for a brain cells response to stress, and moves from the endoplasmic reticulum into the nucleus, the control centre of the cell. When mutant huntingtin is expressed however, it enters the nucleus as it should in ...

Unfolded Proteins May Protect Cells from Dying

... proteins linked to ADRP accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum, an organelle where proteins are ... the researchers found that only cells that had endoplasmic reticulum stress, not cytoplasmic stress, made ... the stress response of the cytoplasmic and endoplasmic reticulum proteins together,' says Steller. ...

Why Don’t All Moles Progress to Melanoma

... place – a structure inside cells called the endoplasmic reticulum, or ER. “Our results support the direct role of the endoplasmic reticulum as an important gatekeeper of tumor ... October issue of Nature Cell Biology. The endoplasmic reticulum is the cell’s protein production ...

New Antidotes may Harbour Treatments for Deadliest Poisons

... the deadly strains of E. coli bacteria, these toxins travel backwards through a cell's protein-making pathway, passing through the Golgi network and endoplasmic reticulum before interrupting protein synthesis. A team of researchers led by Jose Saenz screened 14,400 small molecules for compounds that ...

Role of Protein in the Development of Prostate Cancer Identified

... functional plasma membrane TRPM8 (PM-TRPM8) and that prostate cancer cells possessed higher PM-TRPM8 levels than normal cells. However, endoplasmic reticulum TRPM8 (ER-TRPM8) retained its function as a calcium release channel, independent of the differentiation state of the cell, and may be an ...

Scientists Make World Breakthrough

... of Molecular and Biomedical Science, have discovered that a highly potent bacterial toxin kills cells by inactivating an essential component in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The latter is part of the cell that is essential for packaging newly-synthesized proteins. The toxin, called subtilase ...

Genetic susceptibility in viral encephalitis

... in other infectious diseases also. In the study, scientists focused on blood cells from two French children with a deficiency for UNC-93B, an endoplasmic reticulum protein involved in the recognition of pathogens. When infected with herpes simplex virus-1, the UNC-93B-deficient cells were unable to ...

Two Chemical Compounds Restore Healthy Glucose Levels In Obese Mice

... pathway that causes diabetes. A cornerstone of that discovery was a hypothesis that the key to the obesity-diabetes connection might be found in the endoplasmic reticulum, or ER - a system of folded membranes and tubules in the cytoplasm of cells where proteins and lipids are manufactured, processed, and ...

"Miracle" Cancer Drug Gleevec Can be Toxic to the Heart

... studies, the researchers attempted to find the biological pathways involved in causing heart cells to die. They found that Gleevec appears to cause endoplasmic reticulum stress, which is initially a protective response by the cell, but if sustained, leads to cell death. They also found that treating mice ...

Protein’s role in regulating cell death sets direction for Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and cancer reseach

... online and to appear in print on June 9, showed that calpain promoted programmed cell death after cells were damaged by chemicals that disrupt the endoplasmic reticulum, which is a major synthetic structure in the cell that controls the synthesis and distribution of new proteins. In the second study, ...

Sepsis risk increased due to the absence of one key enzyme

... that is normally essential for bacterial clearance and sepsis survival." While caspase-12 was previously thought to be a key mediator of endoplasmic reticulum apoptosis, the new study found that the presence or absence of caspase-12 had no effect on apoptotic sensitivity whatsoever. It could ...