Twin in Biological News

Complications early in pregnancy or in previous pregnancies adversely affect existing or subsequent pregnancies

... haematoma. The survivor in a vanishing twin pregnancy (a twin pregnancy in which one twin miscarries very early in the pregnancy) was at ...

Twin nanoparticle shown effective at targeting, killing breast cancer cells

... think they have an answer: They have created a twin nanoparticle that specifically targets the ... the healthy ones." The researchers created the twin nanoparticle by binding one gold (Au) ... tests with animals. They also plan to create twin nanoparticles that can release the drug via ...

Biologists discover gene behind 'plant sex mystery'

... precursor reproductive cells to divide to form twin sperm cells. Professor Twell said: "This ... grain to trigger precursor cells to divide into twin sperm cells. "Plants with a mutated version of ... of these blocks promotes the production of a twin sperm cell cargo in each pollen grain and thus ...

War between the sexes begins before twins' birth, TAU researchers say

... And it may have troubling consequences a male twin can compromise the health of his twin sister before she is born. In a new study ... premature, girls who share the womb with a boy twin lost the respiratory health advantage normally ...

Identical twins not as identical as believed

... methods. How can it be that one identical twin might develop Parkinsons disease, for instance, ... one twin. This could explain how one identical twin can be afflicted with a disorder while the other twin remains fully healthy, according to the ...

University of Minnesota releases first ever comprehensive report of the health of college students

... Some details on the University of Minnesota, twin Cities report are available at this point -- 2,920 U of M, twin Cities students completed the survey out of 6,000 ... illness in the last 12 months. At the U of M, twin Cities, 25.1 percent report being diagnosed with ...

Genetic contributions to human brain morphology and intelligence

... Genetic influences and functional relevance twin studies have also shown that genetic effects vary ... with brain functioning still remain unknown. twin and family studies and newly evolving genetic ... study involving 54 monozygotic and 58 dizygotic twin pairs and their 34 singleton siblings, verbal, ...

The structure of the Mre11 protein bound to DNA

... fork in a different way. Where capping and nuclease domains meet, the twin Mre11s clamp onto the single helix where its division was halted. The 3' ... learned how certain amino acid residues in the folded chains of the twin subunits interact with the DNA. With this knowledge they were able to ...

Protein marker for schizophrenia risk

... their findings by examining alpha defensin levels in the blood of 21 twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia (where one sibling manifests the disease while the other does not). In these twin sets, both siblings had significantly elevated alpha defensins as compared ...

Genes influence age-related hearing loss

... to hearing. The study examined 179 identical and 150 fraternal male twin pairs, ranging in age from 52 to 60 years, as part of the Viet Nam Era twin Study of Aging (VETSA). About two-thirds of the hearing loss in the ...

Ovarian transplantation: New technique gives greatly improved results in this delicate operation

... or preservation of oocytes in fresh and frozen ovarian tissue of 15 young women undergoing cancer treatment. They also followed up nine homozygotic twin patients after fresh ovary transplantation for the duration of ovarian function and pregnancy outcome, and tested spare tissue that had also been ...

Plant biologists discover gene that switches on 'essence of male'

... at the University of Leicester reported the discovery of a gene that has a critical role in allowing precursor reproductive cells to divide to form twin sperm cells. Their study is reported in the journal Public Library of Science Genetics ( PLoS Genetics ) and was funded by the Biotechnology and ...

New simulation shows consequences of a world without Earth's natural sunscreen

... -- not just over the poles, but everywhere. The infamous ozone hole over Antarctica, first discovered in the 1980s, is a year-round fixture, with a twin over the North Pole. The ultraviolet (UV) radiation falling on mid-latitude cities like Washington, D.C., is strong enough to cause sunburn in just ...

U of Minnesota research finds most road salt is making it into the state's lakes and rivers

... to the Local Road Research Board. Nearly 350,000 tons of sodium chloride, commonly referred to as road salt, are applied for de-icing in the twin Cities metro area every year. "Nobody has asked the question of where the salt ultimately goes after the winter season is over," said research ...

High numbers of right whales seen in Gulf of Maine

... head north into the Bay of Fundy." The survey team has used a variety of aircraft through the years, from helicopters to seaplanes to the current twin Otter based at the nearby U.S. Coast Guard Air Station Cape Cod. On each flight, which generally lasts five to six hours, there are two pilots for ...

New research shows how gene function drives natural selection in important class of genetic elements

... And yet the observation that a tiny percentage of the elements actually become active parts of genomes provides an intriguing glimpse into how these twin evolutionary pressures can, in rare cases, "sign an armistice." ...

How do bacteria swim? Brown physicists explain

... surrounding medium. What that means, in effect, is that Caulobacter is being pinballed by the water molecules surrounding it as it swims. This twin effect of hydrodynamic interaction and Brownian motion governs the circular swimming patterns of Caulobacter and many other microorganisms, the ...

Providing toilets, safe water is top route to reducing world poverty: UN University

... and national economies. UNU also calls on the world's research community to help fill major knowledge gaps that impede progress in addressing the twin global scourges of unsafe water and poor sanitation. Information gaps include such seemingly obvious measures as common definitions and worldwide ...

Rutgers scholar authors definitive biography of reproductive medicine pioneer

... at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, closely examines Rock's 50-year career. His work defined the reproductive revolution, with its twin symbols of the birth control pill and technologically assisted reproduction. Their collaboration, "The Fertility Doctor: John Rock and the ...

NARSAD announces 2008 Prizes for Outstanding Achievement in Research on Mental Health Disorders

... been enthusiastically incorporated into a large number of research studies. One of his most internationally recognized investigations involves his twin studies in schizophrenia." NARSAD's 2008 Falcone Prize for Outstanding Achievement in Mood Disorders Research is being awarded to two scientists ...

October 2008 GEOLOGY and GSA TODAY media highlights

... MISSrepresenting the oldest known cyanobacterial community preserved in Earth history. Because MISS are present today and can be studied from the twin perspectives of process and spatial distribution, they provide valuable insights into the processes and sedimentary environments represented by ...

Gene associated with pair-bonding in animals has similar effects in human males

... gene to examine." Neiderhiser, Paul Lichtenstein, the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, and colleagues interviewed 2,186 adults taking part in the twin and Offspring Study in Sweden (TOSS). The TOSS study collected detailed information from pairs of twins and their partners or spouses about their ...

UT Knoxville wins $16M NSF mathematics and biology center

... workshops and conferences. A unique aspect of NIMBioS will be its partnership with the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. The park and its twin Creeks Science Center will play a key role in the institute's work, with the park serving as a testing ground for many of the ideas that come from ...

Advances in the field of schizophrenia research: New genetic factors identified

... such treatment can offer a patient a good level of functioning despite the illness. What exactly causes schizophrenia remains unknown. Family, twin and adoption studies have demonstrated, however, that in addition to environmental factors, genetic components are crucialapproximately 80 percent ...

Embryo biopsy does not affect early growth and risk of congenital malformations in PGD/PGS babies

... (25.7%), 14 PGD/PGS children (20%) and 10 SC children (14.3%). In addition, the researchers excluded twins from the study because of the impact twin pregnancies can have on premature births, low birth weight, growth and malformations. "Further research on the outcome of PGD and PGS twins compared ...

Scientists endure Arctic for last campaign prior to CryoSat-2 launch

... a host of other constraints. Despite these constraints, the range of equipment put to the service of the campaign is impressive. They include a twin Otter carrying on-board the two key instruments for the investigations: ASIRAS, a radar altimeter that mimics the radar altimeter on-board CryoSat-2 ...

Concentrating on different aspects of pain leads to breakthrough in migraine genetics

... migraine families. The Finnish families had been ascertained through neurology clinics, while the Australian families had been collected through a twin study. An initial genome-wide microsatellite study was followed up by an independent targeted replication study. Researchers identified one gene ...

Genes hold the key to how happy we are, scientists say

... Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. The researchers used personality and happiness data on more than 900 twin pairs. They identified evidence for common genes which result in certain personality traits and predispose people to happiness. The findings ...

Fighting Aussie yabbies don't forget a face -- new research by the University of Melbourne

... and face width. Researchers also tested whether it is possible to engineer false identifications and whether animals can distinguish between twin opponents. We continue to find the yabby is capable of more than we expected for an animal with such a simple nervous system and an invertebrate. ...

Compost can turn agricultural soils into a carbon sink, thus protecting against climate change

... sink. According to Hogg and Favoino, this loss of carbon sink capacity is not permanent. Composting can contribute in a positive way to the twin objectives of restoring soil quality and sequestering carbon in soils. Applications of organic matter (in the form of organic fertilizers) can lead ...

Asthma link to post-traumatic stress disorder, says Mailman School of Public Health study

... era suggests that the association between asthma and PTSD is not primarily explained by common genetic influences. The study included 3,065 male twin pairs, who had lived together in childhood, and who had both served on active military duty during the Vietnam War. According to the findings, among ...

Could vitamin D, a key milk nutrient, affect how you age?

... inflammation, according to a new study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. In a genetic study of more than 2,100 female twin pairs ages 19-79, British and American researchers found that higher vitamin D levels were linked to improved genetic measures of lifelong aging and ...

Breastfeeding boost IQ in infants with 'helpful' genetic variant

... University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand. The intelligence quotient (IQ) has long been at the heart of debates about nature versus nurture. twin studies document both strong genetic influences and nongenetic environmental influences on IQ, particularly for young children. This study looked ...

Rare cancer-causing syndrome found, for the first time, in Singapore

... diagnosed with breast cancer at age 34, and died at age 35, and a sister died of a brain tumor when she was 10 years old. The patients non-identical twin sister, determined by DNA fingerprinting, does not have LFS and does not have the p53 mutation found in her affected twin. The researchers add ...

New study shows greenback cutthroat trout involved in recovery effort misidentified

... cutthroat, the Colorado River cutthroat, the Rio Grande Cutthroat in the San Luis Valley and the yellowfin cutthroat, historically found in the twin Lakes region near Leadville in the Arkansas River drainage and now believed to be extinct. ...

Does the desire to consume alcohol and tobacco come from our genetic makeup?

... also play an important role. The etiology of these desires is multifactorial and a result of complex interactions with the environment. Adoption and twin studies have shown that the use of these substances is likely to be inherited. Such studies have provided evidence that ones sex can influence the ...

The penalty of having a sister -- why sibling sex matters for male saiga antelopes

... Having a twin sister could put male saiga antelopes at a ... in the ability of the mother to provision mixed twin litters in the womb," she said. The ... to investigate the effects of mixed-sex twin litters on size and development, because there ...

Twin studies reveal genetic components leading to cardiac and kidney disease

... (UCSD) School of Medicine has studied about 265 twin pairs over the past few years, which has led him ... who share half of their genetic information) twin pairs, researchers can more readily pinpoint ... of traits between the siblings in each MZ and DZ twin pair establishes what is called the index of ...

Study finds that a woman's chances of having twins can be modified by diet

... also confirmed findings by others that identical twin sets are more often female than male, especially in conjoined twin sets, and that monozygotic twin sets are more likely to miscarry than dizygotic ...