transformation

Recent breakthroughs in common adult leukemia highlighted in New England Journal of Medicine

...CLL) to write an authoritative update covering the transformation in the scientific community's knowledge of CLL that has occurred over the past decade. The review appears in the February 24 issue. Two of the expert authors are with the North Shore-Long Island Jewish (LIJ) Health System (www.northshorelij.com): Ni...

Gene therapy converts dead bone graft to new, living tissue

... into the body's own, whole, living bone." Such a transformation can occur because mammals use their skeletons for both support and as a kind of "calcium bank." If calcium, which is necessary for such important functions as maintaining the brain and heart, runs low, cells called osteoclasts dig out the calcium fro...

Tiny scaffolding allows stem cells to become working fat cells

...s called pre-adipocytes cells that had begun their transformation from stem cells. "They just needed to be tweaked w...lve into fat cells," he said. Kniss said that the transformation into bona fide fat cells took about two weeks to complete. At that point, the cells were able to abs...

Technique may allow cancer patients to freeze eggs, preserving fertility before starting treatment

... allows the eggs to be cooled fast enough that the transformation from liquid to solid is instantaneous. No ice crystals form and the consistency resembles a viscous glassy state. Research so far has used mouse oocytes but U-M expects to make the technology available in the clinic soon. "With traditional slow-free...

Compounds in plastic packaging act as environmental estrogens altering breast genes

...aboratory has pioneered an in vitro system of cell transformation using estrogens and their metabolites as carcinogenic agents in human breast cells. Our data show that each compartment of the breast has specific differentially expressed genes that provide a genomic signature according to the increasing maturation ...

Could microbes solve Russia's chemical weapons conundrum?

...rs conclude that the 1,4-perhydrothiazines undergo transformation by the microbial cells when a growth substrate (MEA/EG) is present. However as the cells did not grow in the presence of PHT alone, the authors conclude that the bacteria cannot use them for growth. The group hopes that the bacterial strain can be u...

Amazon symposium to address large-scale conservation

...sion along emerging highway corridors, and (3) the transformation of grain and beef production industries into proponents of Amazon conservation using a combination of market-based instruments and improved government regulation. This symposium will provide a state-of-the-art assessment of the processes that are th...

Best research work in the area of wine growing

...umption, that determine the quality of production, transformation and commercialisation of horticultural products. Response to hydric stress The communiqué from the researchers at the Public University of Navarra dealt with the theme of the response of a determined species or variety to the hydric stress. A respo...

Immune system's distress signal tells bacteria when to strike back

...npoint key early steps of this lethal process. The transformation starts when a weakened host tries to boost its defenses against any possible invasion. The host's T cells release chemical signals that activate the immune system. One of those signals, interferon-gamma, is intercepted by a protein, called OprF, foun...

Woods Hole Research Center plans controlled burn in Amazon rainforest

Fire is an important agent of transformation in the Amazon landscape. Every year, low intensity fires burn thousands of square miles of Amazon forest. To study the effects of these fires on the forest, and the forests' ability to recover from repeated burning, Woods Hole Research Center scienti...

Engineered skin offers clues to melanoma development

... form of skin cancer, resulting from the malignant transformation of cells called melanocytes. Over the past four de...the importance of moving away from simplified cell transformation studies to studies of functional human tissue," Chudnovsky said. "Skin is easily accessible and can ...

Ibruprofen and other commonly used painkillers for treating inflammation may increase the risk of heart attack

... form of skin cancer, resulting from the malignant transformation of cells called melanocytes. Over the past four de...the importance of moving away from simplified cell transformation studies to studies of functional human tissue," Chudnovsky said. "Skin is easily accessible and can ...

Researchers use RNAi libraries to identify regulators of apoptosis and chemoresistance

... form of skin cancer, resulting from the malignant transformation of cells called melanocytes. Over the past four de...the importance of moving away from simplified cell transformation studies to studies of functional human tissue," Chudnovsky said. "Skin is easily accessible and can ...

Scientists find a maturity gene in fly

...juveniles begin to mature into adults, and how the transformation initially proceeds. Understanding this process in ...e because insect metamorphosis is analogous to the transformation of a human "from a juvenile, non-reproductive stage to a mature, sexually reproductive adult," says ...

MWG Biotech expands siMAX?siRNA portfolio with new scales, lengths and design tools

...juveniles begin to mature into adults, and how the transformation initially proceeds. Understanding this process in ...e because insect metamorphosis is analogous to the transformation of a human "from a juvenile, non-reproductive stage to a mature, sexually reproductive adult," says ...

Scientists unpick genetics of first 15 minutes of life

...ity of Bath. "Sperm DNA has to undergo a complete transformation when it arrives in the egg cell so that it can properly join with the female pronucleus to form a new genetically complete the beginning of a new life. "A slight mutation in the HIRA gene means that life does not even get started. "Amazingly we sti...

Sudden change in social status triggers genetic response in male fish, study finds

... ("eyebar") appears across his face. This physical transformation signals to males and females alike that he's the t... colleagues were the first to observe this diurnal transformation among dominants. "During the experiment, I would remove the dominant male one hour before the ligh...

Model identifies genes that induce normal skin cells to become abnormal

...nfluence of the tumor cell microenvironment on the transformation of normal skin cells, as well as on genetic triggering mechanisms and signaling pathways that could be targeted for novel therapeutic strategies to inhibit the spread of melanoma," Hendrix said. Metastatic cancer cells are characterized by increased...

Why the Amazon rainforest is so rich in species

...t at very different rates, and their extinction or transformation is mostly determined by the ecology and biology of each species. We want to discover more about why some species survive and multiply, while others remain static or become extinct." Around 40% of the world's species can be found in the tropical area...

Source of crucial immune cell in the skin discovered

... and identified a protein that is essential to the transformation of these precursor cells into Langerhans cells. T...ating factor receptor (Csf-1) is necessary for the transformation of Gr-1 cells into Langerhans cells. The researchers state that discovery of how Langerhans cells a...

Wisconsin scientists discover a master key to microbes' pathogenic lifestyles

For some microbes, the transformation from a benign lifestyle in the soil to that of a p...But how these usually bucolic fungi undergo such a transformation to become serious pathogens has always been a puzzle. Now, however, a team of scientists from the Un...

MIT chemist discovers secret behind nature's medicines

...halogenated natural products, enzymes catalyze the transformation of a totally unreactive part of a molecule, in this case a methyl group. They break specific chemical bonds and then replace a hydrogen atom with a halide, one of the elements from the column of the periodic table containing chlorine, bromine and iod...

BiovaxID?yields 89 percent survival in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkins

...mmunity). B-cell lymphocytes can undergo malignant transformation to become non-Hogkins lymphoma, multiple myeloma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia. "This is the first human cancer vaccine study to see T-cell responses in the absence of B-cells," said the study's first author, Sattva Neelapu, M.D., Assistant Profes...

Human albumin from tobacco plants

...co plants. According to her PhD thesis, plastidial transformation is an economically viable alternative, as it enabl...he gene in question is deposited. With the nuclear transformation method, it integrates into the DNA of the cell nucleus of the leaf and, thus, can only manage a smal...

Butterflies lose body fat during metamorphosis

... Biochemistry and Molecular Biology journal. "The transformation of a caterpillar to a butterfly is one on nature's...id content than the butterfly, indicating that the transformation from larva to butterfly drastically reduced the total fatty acid content. "We were particularly imp...

Strawberries by design

...d to find a system that would enable the efficient transformation of strawberry. However, these efforts have fallen ...s very amenable to transformation." He added: "The transformation rate achieved is the result of innovation and great attention to experimental detail." Due to the ...

Report shows deforestation threatens Brazil's Pantanal

...ion to more grazing and agriculture, including the transformation of native pasture to farmland, has destroyed almost 45 percent of the original vegetation in the Paraguay River Basin. The river basin covers approximately 600,000 square kilometers, 60 percent of it within Brazilian territory. It includes the Pantan...

Newly discovered killer cell fights cancer

... IKDC cell switches to its messenger function, the transformation is quite astonishing," says Pardoll. The cell spro...cent-tagged IKDCs and their corresponding stage of transformation after infecting mice with bacteria called listeria. In assassin-mode, the IKDCs were found in the b...

Cigarette smoke blocks cell repair mechanism, University of Florida study shows

...at can be detrimental for the cell and can lead to transformation or carcinogenesis." In their study, funded by the National Institutes of Health and the Miami-based Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute, UF researchers exposed normal breast epithelial cells to cigarette smoke condensate-a tar derived from ...

How ancient whales lost their legs, got sleek and conquered the oceans

... Tabin said. "Whales went through this remarkable transformation to become more like the ancestral fish," Tabin said. "Convergence of evolutionary studies and developmental genetics give us another piece in this growing tapestry of how genetic changes lead to morphological change. It is a remarkable process that w...

Unique dual target specificity of kinase inhibitor key for success against cancer

...e complex signaling pathways involved in malignant transformation and to thwart to the ability of cancer cells to adapt to stress. Lipid kinases belonging to the PI3 kinase family, made up of different isoforms, promote cell growth and survival. Aberrant regulation and activation of PI3 kinases has been implicate...

NASA study: Alaskan fires affected Houston air quality in 2004

...des will continue. Understanding the transport and transformation of gases and aerosols over long distances is needed for improved understanding and air-quality forecasting. "This event highlights the critical role imported sources can have on local air quality," Morris said. ...

Mars mission Risk 29: Scientists research ways to reduce radiation-induced brain damage

...on dose-rate and mixed field effects on neoplastic transformation in vitro Jerry Shay, University of Texas Southw...ng Island, N.Y., DNA damage clusters in human cell transformation induced by single or multiple space radiation ion exposures ...

Human stem cells delay start of Lou Gehrig's disease in rats

...ved neurotrophic factor) in spinal cord fluid. The transformation of the transplanted cells also may allow them to deliver these growth factors to other cells in the spinal cord through physical connections. Cautioning that clinical applications are still far from possible, Koliatsos hopes to take further advant...

Sequencing of the oyster mushroom genome

...ation of this compound is an essential step in the transformation of cellulose - the principal store for carbon ?into biofuel. Moreover, it has to be taken into account that lignin has a chemical composition that is not easy to break down ?similar to some of the contaminant compounds that man releases into the en...

Why don't all moles progress to melanoma?

...nd triggers a response that prevents the malignant transformation of these cells," Soengas adds. According to Soe...anism, which doesn't activate the ER, to block the transformation of melanocytes. Both these mechanisms work in addition to or independent from other well-known tumo...

Ring-around-the-cell

...rvices are required, at which point they undergo a transformation called polarization. The polarized osteoclast sticks itself tightly to the bone, while an impermeable ring forms around the cell perimeter. This ring functions to keep the bone-eating acids and enzymes produced between the cell and the bone confined ...

Liposuctioned fat stem cells to repair bodies

...ore limited potential. Collas insists that the transformation is possible. The hurdle lies not with the genes but with a cell’s epigenetic status, the subtle chemical modifications of DNA and its surrounding histone proteins. Epigenetic marks contribute to switching genes on and off, and stem cells rely on them...

Cells use 'noise' to make cell-fate decisions

...chers analyzed a genetic circuit that controls the transformation of bacteria cells from one state to another. This ...the bacterial cells, they could prevent the cells' transformation between states, essentially "tuning" cellular behavior. "The amplitude of cellular noise correlat...

New biofuels process promises to meet all US transportation needs

...sphere. "The goal is to accomplish the complete transformation of every carbon atom in the feedstock to liquid fuel by supplementing the conversion process with hydrogen from a carbon-free energy source," Agrawal said. Other researchers have estimated that the United States has a sustainable supply of about 1...

A genetic 'gang of 4' drives spread of breast cancer

... off and invade another organ. It is the deadliest transformation that a cancer can undergo, and therefore researchers have been looking for specific genes that propel metastasis. In the newly published experiments, the researchers also found that they could reduce the growth and spread of human breast tumors in...

Paper challenges 1491 Amazonian population theories

...en masse. Another group of archaeologists say that transformation was very much limited to river corridors, and if you went away from the river corridors there wasn't that much impact. That's what our findings tend to support." Bush doesn't expect that his new findings will settle the debate, however. "There'...

Researchers track how spores break out of dormant state

...f spore coat and germ cell wall that accompany the transformation from a spore to a vegetative cell. When starved of nutrients Bacillus (rod-shaped bacteria) cells initiate a series of genetic, biochemical and structural events that result in the formation of metabolically dormant spores. They can remain dormant f...