trade

Plants respond similarly to signals from friends, enemies

... order to enter a partnership. The friend wants to trade nitrogen for food. The foe is a parasite that wants to burrow in and harm the plant. In a new finding published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers at North Carolina State University have found that the two strangers comm...

Reducing malarial transmission in Africa

...ing of artemether and lumefantrine (co-artemether, trade names CoArtem and Riamet). The other was a combination of CQ and SP - currently under consideration in several African countries, largely due to its low cost. Altogether, the six-dose regimen of co-artemether was highly effective at reducing whether ...

Turning viruses into allies against cancer

...neered virus -- developed by Biovex Ltd. under the trade name OncoVEX -- showed promise of causing necrosis (death) of tumors cells in most patients. "Tumor necrosis was evidenced clinically and/or by histology in biopsies taken about two weeks after the final dose in a number of patients," said Jennifer ...

Novel gene-silencing nanoparticles shown to inhibit Ewing's sarcoma

...g's sarcoma results when two chromosomes break and trade their genetic content in what's technically called a "translocation," activating the oncogene EWS-FLI1 which triggers the tumor growth characteristic for this cancer. In their experiment, siRNA was delivered to this growth-promoting region of the tu...

Undesirable expatriates: Preventing the spread of invasive animals

...s to prevent them from being introduced. As global trade increases, precautions like port inspection and exotic wildlife regulations are essential. Consumers also need to be educated; many exotic animals that are legal as pets could be ecologically lethal if released into the wild." Future research will e...

Primates on the brink

...ommercial bushmeat hunting, and the illegal animal trade as the primary threats, and warns that failure to ...ially in Africa and Asia. Live capture for the pet trade also poses a serious threat, particularly to Asian species. "Southeast Asia's primates are subject ...

Leprosy genome tells story of human migrations, French researchers report in Science

... then spread Leprosy to West Africa, and the slave trade brought the disease from West Africa to the Caribbean and South America, the study suggests. Europeans also introduced leprosy to North America. "Colonialism was extremely bad for parts of the world in terms of human health," said Cole. The disease...

Scientists discover odd-ball rodent

...gressive program designed to halt illegal wildlife trade where poaching has devastated animal populations. "It was for sale on a table next to some vegetables. I knew immediately it was something I had never seen before," said Dr. Timmins. Dr Mark Robinson, working with WWF Thailand later discovered other...

Divergent life history shapes gene expression in brains of salmon

...n are expressed more, since these fish essentially trade bodily size for faster reproductive maturity," she says. "However, it was unexpected, for instance, that genes associated with learning and memory would be expressed at higher levels in the brains of sneakers. It's not yet clear why disparities like ...

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment: Many of 2 billion dryland dwellers at risk as land degrades

...bute to desertification. "Studies have shown that trade liberalization, macroeconomic reforms and a focus on raising production for exports can lead to desertification," the report says. "Such distortions to international food markets drive down prices and have often seriously undermined the livelihoods o...

Crisis in African fish supplies looms, experts warn Africa leaders

...ent, develop aquaculture and enhance Africa's fish trade at every level. Regional and national research, t...d more quantity). 4. Increase benefits from fish trade Local and regional fish trade is already substantial but has the potential to grow. Regional coope...

Leptin-signaling Protein Maintains Normal Body Weight And Energy Balance In Mice

...ent, develop aquaculture and enhance Africa's fish trade at every level. Regional and national research, t...d more quantity). 4. Increase benefits from fish trade Local and regional fish trade is already substantial but has the potential to grow. Regional coope...

Digging in the dirt for life's biochemical foundations

...an to move out of the oceans and onto land. Plants trade a bit of their sunlight-made sugars for building block nutrients that fungi wring from the soil. Scientists have understood broad outlines of this evolutionary bargain for years, but specific details remained fuzzy, especially those related to nitrog...

Ships bring alien jellyfish invaders to our shores

... dispersal post-dates European global shipping and trade that began almost 500 hundred years ago. Recent s...be in ballast water, on ship hulls and through the trade of exotic species such as tropical fish and this has potential to displace local marine species, thr...

Controlling wildlife trade key to preventing health crises, study says

...hange--are as immediately manageable as the global trade in wildlife," said Dr. William Karesh, lead author...es also consume the waste and remnants of infected trade animals providing further opportunity for cross-species transmission. Since 1980, at least 35 new i...

HIV/AIDS rates in Tijuana, Mexico increasing at alarming rate

...the study suggests that injection drug use and sex trade may be driving the HIV epidemic in Tijuana. The population's mobility is also a consideration; 64% of Tijuana residents report crossing the border into the United States at least once a month. "HIV prevention should be considered a public health pr...

World's pledge to halve hunger by 2015 looks like empty promise

...o would not only reduce terrorism but also improve trade and relieve immigration pressures. Pinstrup-Andersen points out that developing nations spend, on average, 0.5 percent of the value of their agricultural output on research when they should be spending 2 percent. By comparison, the United States spe...

For the first time: Longevity modulated without disrupting life-sustaining function

...from an average of 20 to 40 days. Except the worms trade a trim life focused on reproduction for a long life with fewer progeny and a tendency to halt larval development and enter a dormant, hibernation-like stage in which they can hang on for months but don't reproduce. Unless Smk-1 is missing, that is. ...

Illegal trade is propelling rare turtle toward extinction, new report

A new report released today finds that the illegal trade in the Roti Island snake-necked turtle, found only...orth America and East Asia are fueling the illegal trade for the turtle, often without realizing that they are contributing to its demise. No legal trade of...

Widespread elephant slaughter discovered in Chad

...ry has been banned since 1989, though black-market trade is increasing. Zakouma is only about 150 miles west of the conflict area of Darfur and is in the path of recent rebel activity in Chad, thus security is low and borders are porous in this isolated region. Fay took information of the massacres to Cha...

Researchers appeal for new regulations to save coral reefs from live fish trade

...h have dramatically expanded as a result of global trade liberalization, is an important strategy for controlling roving bandits. The live fish trade is an increasing pressure on coral reef resources, both in terms of magnitude and geographical sprea...

Major initiative proposed to address amphibian crisis

...rchers said. Global climate change, the commercial trade of wildlife, and pollution may all increase the movement or susceptibility to this fungus. "There are a lot of concerns, and we should work to address all of them, not just one," Blaustein said. "At first we need to focus our efforts on research s...

All the eggs in one basket

...populations were greatly reduced by people. Using trade records from 163 historic sources in four time periods in 20 Caribbean regions, McClenachan and colleagues mapped the historic nesting areas of green and hawksbill turtles, and used density descriptions and harvest data to categorize "major" and "min...

New study finds similarities between monkey business and human business

...e authors. "Given our capuchins' inexperience with trade and gambles, these results suggest that loss-aversion extends beyond humans, and may be innate rather than learned." ...

A human taste for rarity spells disaster for endangered species

...urniture--or traditional medicines. The exotic pet trade continues to threaten orangutans, monkeys, reptile...chnids, insects, and fish. And it appears that pet trade dealers read the scientific literature for clues to the next hot species: immediately after an artic...

Disappearing nest egg: Researcher studying declining numbers of macaws

...g numbers. The birds are highly prized by the pet trade industry, and they are losing their native habitat due to construction and other factors. Also, some South American natives seek them out either for food or to kill them for their bright feathers. Brightsmith has conducted several detailed studies...

Researchers barcode DNA of Venice museum's vast fungi collection

...orted to new areas of the world through the global trade of goods and movement of people. In addition, some species of fungi can lead to human illness, including pneumonia, skin infections, allergies and asthma. Garbelotto is perhaps best known for his work in the identification of Phytophthora ramorum,...

Wild tigers need cat food

..., along with anti-poaching efforts and eliminating trade in tiger body parts. The nine-year study in India’s Nagarahole National Park found that an average of 23 percent of the park’s tigers either move away or die each year from either naturally or from poaching outside of the park, yet total numbers rem...

Squid-inspired design could mean better handling of underwater vehicles

...nments," Mohseni said. "We set out to resolve the trade off that many researchers settle for, which is a faster, but less precise, vehicle or a boxier one that is not as fast and more difficult to transport to work locations." Manned and unmanned underwater vehicles enable scientific researchers to ex...

End of deforestation in view? Experts advance new way to size up global forest resources

...cts." Anticipating impacts of expanding global trade The authors note that it's possible to sustain ... three-quarters by 2050. "Plantations and the trade to make them effective reduce the impact of industrial pressures on the expanse of natural forests, ...

'Erectile dysfunction' drugs heighten natural anti-cancer activity

...loma patients. Sildenafil, marketed under the trade name Viagra, is one of a class of drugs used to treat erectile dysfunction in millions of men, and in recent years, its ability to stimulate the production of NO has been investigated by experts in diseases linked to the activity of blood vessels and...

'GreeneChip' -- New diagnostic tool that rapidly and accurately identifies multiple pathogens

...13/1/06-0837.htm ). Globalization of travel and trade brings new infectious agents into new contexts. It is increasingly important to be prepared for the unexpected. "Because clinical syndromes are rarely specific for single pathogens, methods that simultaneously screen for multiple agents are important...

Triple threat: World fin trade may harvest up to 73 million sharks per year

... 2006 edition of Ecology Letters. "The shark fin trade is notoriously secretive. But we were able tap in...ulated the number of sharks represented in the fin trade using a unique statistical model and data from Hong Kong traders. When the figures were converted t...

Global map shows new patterns of extinction risk

...ss eastern Africa due to hunting and the bush meat trade The tropical, rainforest-clad mountains of northern Australia are home to many declining frog species, although the precise causes of these declines often remain enigmatic. ...

National Academies advisory: Invasive aquatic species in the Great Lakes

...hold a meeting in Toronto to gather information on trade in the Great Lakes region and ways to eliminate further introductions of nonindigenous aquatic species into the lakes by vessels traveling the St. Lawrence Seaway. The committee's final report will comment on the strengths and weaknesses of various o...

Living with water scarcity -- world must act now

... in irrigation, upgrading rainfed agriculture, and trade it is possible over the next 50 years to limit future growth in water withdrawals to 13% and cultivated land expansion to 9%. But, further complicating the situation are effects of climate change, and the increased use of biofuels, and the necessary...

Twenty of world's 162 grouper species threatened with extinction

...sis of the multimillion-dollar live reef food fish trade based in Hong Kong and comprise one of the most va... by uncontrolled fishing. Increasing international trade to meet an insatiable demand for grouper poses a particularly major threat. The workshop outcome ...

Statin plus cancer drug deliver combo punch to brain cancer cells

...terol-clogging effects, lovastatin, sold under the trade name Mevacor, is known to curb destruction of proteins that put the brakes on cell growth, causing cancer cells to self-destruct through a process called apoptosis. The effects of the statin already is being studied in people at high risk for the d...

Researchers urge monitoring of bone health during chemotherapy

... is now available online. G-CSF is known by the trade names Neupogen, Neulasta and Granocyte. Clinical use of G-CSF has recently increased because by speeding blood cell regrowth it allows patients to undergo more intensive chemotherapy regimens in which anticancer agents are given at more frequent inte...

Darwin's famous finches and Venter's marine microbes

...). The authors are plying the rapidly emerging trade of metagenomics (also known as environmental genomics) that seeks to examine genomic snapshots taken directly from the environment. "Metagenomics allows us to sample the 99 percent of all bacteria that won’t grow in the lab," explains Manning. "G...

Hotspots of mercury contamination identified in eastern North America

...s, are major sources of mercury pollution. Cap and trade approaches seek to reduce the total release of mercury but could lead to static or increased emissions in some areas. Greater deposition of mercury near areas that are highly sensitive to the element or that are already affected by it could raise the...

Arsenic in chicken feed may pose health risks to humans, C&EN reports

...o the article. The National Chicken Council, a trade association that represents the U.S. chicken industry, claims there is “no reason to believe there are any human health hazards?associated with the use of roxarsone. ...

New report: Explosive growth changes salmon industry

...d Farmed Salmon, released by TRAFFIC, the wildlife trade monitoring network of World Wildlife Fund and IUCN...se changes have raised economic, environmental and trade questions. For example, how does wild salmon, which no longer provides the bulk of North America's s...

Researchers identify gene involved in dog size

..., as well as making them more transportable during trade and migration. Future aims of the study are to identify genes that control other aspects of canine morphology including, for instance, leg length and skull shape. Three high-resolution photos depicting the wide size range among dog breeds are ...

Rare soft-shell turtle, nesting ground found in Cambodia

... offset the potential loss of revenue from illegal trade in the turtles. ...

Egyptians, not Greeks were true fathers of medicine

... plant while providing additional evidence for the trade routes, purposeful cultivation, trade centres or places of treatment," said Dr Metcalfe. "The work is inextricably linked to state-of-t...

A cherry on top: Tart cherries may alter heart/diabetes factors

...icted grant from the Cherry Marketing Institute, a trade association for the cherry industry. CMI has no influence on the design, conduct or analysis of any U-M research it funds. Seymour and the laboratory's director, U-M cardiac surgeon Steven Bolling, M.D., caution that their results cannot be direct...

Plastic that grows on trees

..., in which an H (hydrogen) and OH (hydroxyl group) trade places. The hydrogen-hydroxyl position-switch that allows the catalytic conversion was verified by nuclear magnetic resonance performed at the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a DOE national scientific user facility lo...

Study investigates 'divorce' among Galapagos seabirds

...n females, creating the opportunity for females to trade a current mate, which may be worn-out from recent breeding effort, for a ‘refreshed’ non-breeding male,” Maness said. It takes a lot of energy to raise a chick and the responsibility is shared by both males and females. They raise one chick at a ...

Threats to wild tigers growing

...shed in the June 2007 issue of BioScience. Growing trade in folk medicines made from tiger parts and tiger ...present an emerging threat, the authors argue. Any trade in tiger parts encourages poaching, because products made from animals farmed at great expense canno...