teeth

Researchers trace evolution to relatively simple genetic changes

...e Mendelian trait that controls formation of hair, teeth and sweat glands. Darwin talked about 'the toothless men of Sind,' a pedigree (in India) that was striking because many of the men were missing their hair, had very few teeth, and couldn't sweat in hot weather. It's a very unusual constellation of sy...

Octopuses occasionally stroll around on two arms, UC Berkeley biologists report

...e Mendelian trait that controls formation of hair, teeth and sweat glands. Darwin talked about 'the toothless men of Sind,' a pedigree (in India) that was striking because many of the men were missing their hair, had very few teeth, and couldn't sweat in hot weather. It's a very unusual constellation of sy...

UF Researchers Map Bacterial Proteins That Cause Tooth Loss

...that stakes a claim deep within the spaces between teeth and gums. It’s also the leading cause of tooth los...hat destroy the soft tissues and bone that support teeth to cause periodontal disease. Now scientists have identified the thousands of proteins the bacteriu...

Great White shark evolution debate involves WSU Lake Campus geology professor

...ately the length of a Greyhound bus and possessing teeth that were up to six inches long," explains Ciampag...on designs of shark teeth. "Our analysis of their teeth shows that Great White and mako sharks have very similar tooth growth trajectories, while those of t...

To control germs, scientists deploy tiny agents provocateurs

...form the green slime on rocks, the plaque on human teeth and the slippery film on ship hulls. If a single cell were analogous to one man, biofilms would be the "bacterial equivalent of mob mentality," says Blackwell. In the realm of health, biofilms are at the root of growing numbers of tenacious, and som...

Oldest cranial, dental and postcranial fossils of early modern European humans confirmed

...y have failed, but in the present attempt by using teeth as dating material reliable results were obtained. The findings are documented in the May 19 issue of Nature. "The dating results document that these samples are as old as we thought they should be," agree Maria Teschler-Nicola from the Natural His...

Researchers reveal secrets of flying snakes

...nal and opistoglyphous, or rear-fanged. These back teeth measure only 2 to 3 millimeters long and each has a small groove that runs along the fang's outer edge, where the venom drips down and into the prey. Whether or not the snake's choice of prey is related to its gliding ability is unknown. ...

Revueltosaurus skeleton unearthed at Petrified Forest upsets dinosaur tale

...erely disappoint rockhounds, who sell the abundant teeth as "dinosaur teeth," but it also throws into quest...rnithischians outside South America. "Because the teeth look like those we know from herbivorous ornithischians, people assigned them to the dinosaurs," sai...

Agilent Technologies introduces high-capacity human protein removal system for proteomics research

...erely disappoint rockhounds, who sell the abundant teeth as "dinosaur teeth," but it also throws into quest...rnithischians outside South America. "Because the teeth look like those we know from herbivorous ornithischians, people assigned them to the dinosaurs," sai...

Researchers find first evidence of venom system in extinct mammal

... natural design of the tooth. "The groove in these teeth would have acted as a gutter, conducting fluid fro...eus browni fossil was the first time they had seen teeth like this preserved within an intact upper and lower jaw, which is extremely rare for a specimen thi...

Mechanism regulating tooth shape formulation found

...forming cusps were much broader resulting in cheek teeth whose shape resembles more rhinoceros teeth than mouse teeth. Furthermore, these mice have extra teeth and sometimes adjacent teeth are fused. T...

Neanderthal teeth grew no faster than comparable modern humans'

...ed on our study of the enamel of these Neanderthal teeth and other modern ones, we can't support the claim ...conclusion are microscopic lines on the outside of teeth that mark the incremental growth of enamel on a young tooth. Like tree rings that can gauge the age ...

Ancient DNA confirms single origin of Malagasy primates

... of Sciences. Radiocarbon dating of the bones and teeth from which the DNA was obtained reveal that each of the individuals analyzed died well over 1,000 years ago, according to the senior author, Anne Yoder, associate professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. Living lemurs compris...

The roots of civilization trace back to ... roots

...e evidence lies in the fossil record, specifically teeth and jaws. The teeth and jaws of savannah dwelling apes evolved into large massive jaws, jaw muscles and molars, ideal fo...

“Hitchhiking?Viruses as Cancer Drug Delivery System

...e evidence lies in the fossil record, specifically teeth and jaws. The teeth and jaws of savannah dwelling apes evolved into large massive jaws, jaw muscles and molars, ideal fo...

Did humans cause ecosystem collapse in ancient Australia?

...ironment contained in ancient eggshells and wombat teeth over the last 140,000 years to reconstruct what ha...he study Marilyn Fogel of Carnegie. "Eggshells and teeth both contain evidence of these animals' diets in different forms of carbon. All three animals were p...

Molecular mechanism of feather formation found

...lved in the embryonic development of limbs, lungs, teeth and the gut. In the current study, appearing in the Aug. 16 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS Online, Aug. 8), Fallon's team and collaborators showed that during the development of barbs-filamentous structures that form the feath...

New tooth enamel dating technique could help identify disaster victims

... it worked," he said. "And if you look at multiple teeth formed at different times, you can get (the age ra... he said. Buchholz and his colleagues analyzed 33 teeth from 22 different people whose ages were known. The enamel separations were done at the Karolinska I...

Fluoride poisoning in China due to clay, not coal

...g from consuming too much fluoride. It makes their teeth discoloured and fragile, and in severe cases can distort bones, stiffen joints and lead to paralysis. In Guizhou province, where the problem is most serious, there were 10.5 million cases of dental fluorosis and just over half a million cases of skel...

New technology shows our ancestors ate…everything!

...ut the diets of our early ancestors. By comparing teeth from two species of early humans, Australopithecus africanus and Paranthropus robustus, the researchers confirm previous evidence that A. africanus ate more tough foods, such as leaves, and P. robustus ate more hard, brittle foods. But they also reve...

Extinct giant deer's descendant found in UK

...their characteristics - such as antlers, skull and teeth size & shape - were studied. Two giant deer were used; one found in the Ballynamintra Cave, Waterford, Ireland which was around 13,000 years old; the other taken from Kamyshlov Mire in western Siberia. Dr Lister said: "The fact that DNA survives...

Study Holds Promise For New Way To Fight HIV

...their characteristics - such as antlers, skull and teeth size & shape - were studied. Two giant deer were used; one found in the Ballynamintra Cave, Waterford, Ireland which was around 13,000 years old; the other taken from Kamyshlov Mire in western Siberia. Dr Lister said: "The fact that DNA survives...

Give thanks for the cranberry, say dental researchers

...ladder infections also hold promise for protecting teeth against cavities. Koo found that cranberry juice a...traditional measures to avoid cavities: Brush your teeth after dinner, don't snack often, stay away from sugary foods, use a mouth rinse, and get regular den...

'Nanospheres' that block pain of sensitive teeth

...res could help dentists fill the tiny holes in our teeth that make them incredibly sensitive, and that caus...m solution or cure for sensitive teeth. Sensitive teeth or 'dental hypersensitivity' is a condition that arises when the dentine of the tooth is exposed. Th...

Ancient anthropoid origins discovered in Africa

The fossil teeth and jawbones of two new species of tiny monkey-lik... latest fossils of the new species consist of tiny teeth and jaws, whose shapes yield critical clues about the species whose mouths they once occupied. For e...

Newly discovered birdlike dinosaur is oldest raptor ever found in South America

...ely spaced teeth. Unlike most other theropods, the teeth of Buitrearaptor lack the steak-knife-like serrations along their edges. Although scientist are unsure why the animal evolved such peculiar head proportions and unusual dentition, it may have been an adaptation to hunt small prey, such as the abundan...

Wild Gorillas Handy with a Stick

... great apes, gorillas can gnash nuts between their teeth and simply smash termite mounds to release their denizens. But now, as part of an ongoing study of western gorillas in Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park in the Republic of Congo, Thomas Breuer, Mireille Ndoundou-Hockemba, and Vicki Fishlock reveal that g...

Fossil find: 'Godzilla' crocodile had head of a dinosaur, fins like a fish

...cient crocodile ?one whose massive jaws and jagged teeth would have made it the most fearsome predator in t...cate features ?long, skinny snouts and needle-like teeth for catching small fish and mollusks,?he said. “But this croc was just the opposite. It had a short ...

Pitt professor's theory of evolution gets boost from cell research

...se changes may be significant and beneficial (like teeth or limbs) or, more likely, kill the organism. Why does it take an environmental drama to cause mutations? Why don't cells subtly and constantly change in small ways over time, as Darwin suggests? Cell biologists know the answer: Cells don't like to...

Birds that make teeth

...t 70?0 million years ago. The evolutionary loss of teeth corresponded to the formation of the beak that is ...ue and participate in making teeth, and that these teeth look very much like those of mammals. However, Drs. Matthew Harris and John F. Fallon and colleagues...

Typhoid fever led to the fall of Athens

...grigorakis and colleagues using DNA collected from teeth from an ancient Greek burial pit points to typhoid fever as the disease responsible for this devastating epidemic. The study appears on the online version of The International Journal of Infectious Diseases (IJID) published by Elsevier on behalf of t...

Ancient DNA provides clues to the evolution of social behavior

...egurgitated pellets of indigestible fur, bones and teeth while they rest. From these teeth, scientists can ...time. Using modern and ancient DNA from tuco-tuco teeth found in the two caves, Stanford graduate student Yvonne Chan, lead author of the PLoS Genetics stud...

How marine reserves are giving coral reefs a helping hand

...e main grazer of reef surfaces. The fish use their teeth to remove seaweed from the reef which allows new corals to settle and grow.This grazing process is essential to the health of the system." "Caribbean reefs are still trying to recover from the devastating effects of an El Nino bleaching event in 199...

FSU biologist says new dinosaur is oldest cousin of Tyrannosaurus rex

...eatures, the characteristic long hip, the U-shaped teeth and the fused nasal bridge. While they weren't exactly T. rex look-alikes, they were definitely family. But there were marked differences. Among them, in addition to its distinctive cranial crest, Guanlong was roughly 100 million years older and a f...

African amphibians make extreme parental sacrifice: The skin off their backs

...hing like an earthworm---are born with specialized teeth for peeling and eating skin. Their mothers' skin i...ch team found that newborn Siphonops annulatus had teeth and stayed with their mothers for some time after hatching. Those observations, coupled with the unu...

UC Riverside psychologist explores human perception, finds 'wow factor'

... from the simple movements of dots placed on lips, teeth and tongue. They can also recognize people's voices just from seeing their faces, and vice versa, and seem to be able to distinguish among a variety of rooms on campus just from their echoes. "We get people ready for a test and tell them what we wa...

Tetracycline plus teeth equal gray smile

... to avoid smiling in public in order to hide their teeth darkened by tetracycline stains. Typically, invasi... take this antibiotic during their pregnancy. When teeth are forming in utero, the drug becomes calcified in the dental and enamel of the child's teeth and c...

Ultrasound may help regrow teeth

...the LIPUS power is reaching the target area of the teeth roots within the bone. TEC Edmonton, the U of A's ...ed," said El-Bialy. "And because we can regrow the teeth root, a patient could have his own tooth rather than foreign objects in his mouth." The device is ...

First human study confirms that immune cells can be a primary cause of bone loss in gum disease

...ells. We hope this work will help us save people's teeth in the future." Research Overview RANKL is a protein that is a major factor in the regulation of osteoclasts (cells that destroy bone). Dr. Kawai's research examined the receptor activator of NF-kB ligand, (RANKL)-mediated osteoclastogeneis, and t...

UCLA scientists strengthen case for life more than 3.8 billion years ago

...ite, which is also the material of which bones and teeth are made. The form of life the researchers believe they have discovered was probably a simple microorganism, although its actual shape or nature cannot be ascertained, Mojzsis said, because heat and pressure over time have destroyed any original ph...

Protein-coated dental implants could improve bone regeneration

...riodontics in MCG's School of Dentistry. Loss of teeth and bone is a common and devastating result of gum...here has been a quest to regenerate tissues around teeth that are lost due to periodontal disease," he says. "I've looked at multiple approaches to achieve r...

Trotting with emus to walk with dinosaurs

... "We don't have any documented dinosaur bones and teeth from that period in North America, except for some very scrappy material from Mexico," said Brent Breithaupt, curator and director of the University of Wyoming's Geological Museum in Laramie, Wyo. That makes it very hard to connect the tracks to a pa...

New dwarf buffalo discovered by chance in the Philippines

...the rare tamaraw on Mindoro and a report of fossil teeth potentially referable to Bubalus on Luzon--indicates that this genus might have once lived throughout the Philippines, most of which is an oceanic archipelago, never connected to any continental land mass. "Documenting past mammal diversity in the...

A green way to slag off bunnies

... spikes put rabbits off their feed, abrading their teeth and giving them stomach-ache (Pest Management Science DOI:10.1002/ps.1302). Humans only eat the grain, so the repellent would only affect the vermin. But when the slag-treated plants were compared to normal plants, grazing damage fell by more tha...

Researchers give name to ancient mystery creature

...all insects and grubs. "It had sharp crests on the teeth which formed blades, indicating it was likely carn...eature's peculiar hourglass-shaped pre-molars, the teeth between the canine and the molars. The very tall, sharp pre-molars are unlike any others so far disc...

A buffet for early human relatives

...historic Teeth The study analyzed four fossil teeth of Paranthropus from Swartkrans, South Africa. A m...ze tooth enamel samples from the large, fossilized teeth of prehistoric horses, rhinos and elephants to determine the animals' diets. Until now, lasers w...

Man's earliest direct ancestors looked more apelike than previously believed

...rtical face with a less pronounced jaw and smaller teeth at least 300,000 years later than commonly believed, perhaps as recently as 1.6 million to one million years ago, when two later species, H. ergaster and H. erectus, lived. Dr. Bromage presented his findings today at the annual scientific session of...

Ladybugs may be cute, but watch out when they get near wine

...rtical face with a less pronounced jaw and smaller teeth at least 300,000 years later than commonly believed, perhaps as recently as 1.6 million to one million years ago, when two later species, H. ergaster and H. erectus, lived. Dr. Bromage presented his findings today at the annual scientific session of...

Scientists re-grow dental enamel from cultured cells

...hat epithelial cells extracted from the developing teeth of 6-month-old pigs continue to proliferate when they are cultured on top of a special feeder layer of cells (the feeder-layer cells are known as the 3T3-J2 cell line). This crucial step boosts the number of dental epithelial cells available for enam...

Bacteria from patient's dental plaque causes ventilator-associated pneumonia

... "We are saying that if the patients?mouths and teeth aren’t cleaned while they are in the hospital, the...nd Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Samples of plaque from teeth and of secretions from the trachea were obtained from ICU patients on the day of admission and every...

DNA analysis reveals rapid population shift among Pleistocene cave bears

Studying DNA obtained from teeth of ancient cave bears, researchers have been able ...researchers obtained DNA samples from 29 cave bear teeth from three geographically close caves in the Ach Valley, near the Danube River in modern-day souther...

New species declared: Clouded leopard on Borneo and Sumatra

...ge as a small panther, and have the longest canine teeth relative to body size of any cat. Sumatran tigers are the largest predators on Sumatra. Between 5,000 and 11,000 clouded leopards are estimated to live on Borneo. The total number in Sumatra could be in the range of 3,000 to 7,000 individuals. H...

Paleontologists discover new mammal from Mesozoic Era

...m) long and estimated to weigh about 30 grams. Its teeth are notable for the three cusps in a straight line on molars (thus known as a triconodont) for feeding on insects and worms. It has a long body, short and sprawling limbs and claws that were ideal for either digging or living on the ground. In add...

Fused nasal bones helped tyrannosaurids dismember prey

...the University of Calgary, compared the skulls and teeth of a number of tyrannosaurids to non-tyrannosaurid...tists used CT scans to investigate such factors as teeth bending strength and nasal and cranium strength. The research is published in the journal Acta Palae...

Molecule that destroys bone also protects it, new research shows

...ans with neutrophil defects usually lose all their teeth by the time they are 20 due to severe periodontal disease. "It turns out that IL-17 is really important in regulating neutrophils by causing other cells in the vicinity to recruit these infection fighters to the infection site," Gaffen said. IL...

An ancient bathtub ring of mammoth fossils

...onal Laboratory geologists have put out a call for teeth tusks, femurs and any and all other parts of extinct mammoths left by massive Ice Age floods in southeastern Washington. The fossils, in some cases whole skeletons of Mammathus columbi, the Columbian mammoth, were deposited in the hillsides of what ...

Ice Age extinction claimed highly carnivorous Alaskan wolves

...ves. They also showed a higher incidence of broken teeth than living wolves. “Taken together, these features suggest a wolf specialized for killing and consuming relatively large prey, and also possibly habitual scavenging,” Leonard said. Chemical analyses of the bones back up this conclusion. Carbo...

UI anthropologist, colleagues discover remains of earliest giant panda

...cademy of Sciences (PNAS). Previous discoveries of teeth and other remains made between 1985 and 2002 had f... shoots, as indicated by wear patterns recorded on teeth and specialized muscle markings, indicating heavy chewing, on the skull. The new find, made about...