stress

Growth in the sea comes down to a struggle for iron

...swered is why the diatoms showed signs of nutrient stress before the iron and other nutrients were used up. Wells and his colleagues think they may know. For clues, they have looked to a discipline that is far removed from the sea. Soil contains lots of iron, but most of it stays locked up in minerals, as ...

Researchers discover molecule that causes secondary stroke

...on between elevated BOXes, bilirubin and oxidative stress in this study, she says, was "striking." The researchers point out that although their findings are encouraging in terms of developing a diagnostic test and treatment, the number of patients in their study was small and more work is needed to confir...

Research Using Mouse Models Reveals A Novel Key Player In The Initiation Of Colon Cancer

...h Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, or environmental stress that generates a spontaneous mutation in the APC gene, mutations in the Foxl1 gene or its targets may dramatically increase the likelihood that the second normal copy of the APC gene is lost or mutated, leading to the initiation of tumor formation. ...

Special Imaging Study Shows Failing Hearts Are 'Energy Starved'

... CK flux at rest and with pharmaceutically induced stress to determine whether increased energy demand during stress increases the rate of ATP synthesis through CK. Then, 17 patients with histories of heart failure ...

Rats infected as newborns grew up vulnerable to memory problems during an immune challenge

... cognitive vulnerability that appears later during stress on the immune system. Researchers at the University of Colorado at Boulder have reported that rats who experienced a one-time infection as newborns didn't learn as well as adult rats who were not infected as pups, after their immunity was challenged....

Live fast, die young true for forests too

...ost attention so far has been given to things that stress forests, like increased drought," said USGS scientist Phil van Mantgem, the study's co-author. "Less attention has been given to the consequences of changes that can increase forest vigor or productivity, like increased rainfall." Environmental cha...

Multi-purpose protein regulates new protein synthesis and immune cell development

... "All these things disrupt protein folding and put stress on the cell. By doing so, they activate the UPR." Several years ago, Kaufman and his research colleagues discovered that IRE1 triggers the unfolded protein response by splicing a segment of messenger RNA called XBP1. This leads to production of a ne...

Products containing specific probes for detecting alternative splice forms protected

...numerous pathologies and can be altered by various stress events such as virus, toxic agents, and drug exposure. The genome-wide patented probe configuration described in the patent is the basis for the microarrays in ExonHit's SpliceArray product line launched earlier this year. The genome profiling marke...

Study reveals new technique for fingerprinting environmental samples

...gerprints can be used to reveal environments under stress as well as signal progress in remediating contaminated environments. This may well develop environmental ecology into a fully quantitative science." Dubbed Environmental Genomic Tags, or EGTs, these indicators capture a DNA profile of a particular n...

Shift of weather patterns necessitates rethinking of reforestation methods

...'ve had a chance to acclimate and recover from the stress of planting. Rethinking planting time could remedy the loss due to droughty conditions, Taylor said. Traditional methods prescribe planting in the winter, but conditions ?primarily soil moisture and availability of planting crews ?may mean planting ...

Live vaccines more effective against horse herpes virus

...s from the initial infection can be reactivated by stress later in life. Osterrieder will present his new findings on vaccine effectiveness, involving a limited study of 15 horses, at a luncheon meeting with other veterinarians and specialists at the annual American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine ...

Insight into DNA's 'weakest links' may yield clues to cancer biology

...particularly prone to breaking under conditions of stress and in cancer. Now, new research by geneticists at...s break at particular sites under certain types of stress or upon exposure to particular drugs, he said. Evidence has suggested that chromosomes break when DN...

A little stress gives beneficial oomph! to immune system

...n mice provides more evidence that a brief bout of stress can give the immune system a beneficial boost ?und... conditions. Laboratory results showed that acute stress ?stress that lasts for minutes to hours ?temporarily mobilized all major types of immune cells, or l...

Oceans more vulnerable to agricultural runoff than previously thought, study finds

...t economically, and they're already under a lot of stress from overfishing and aquaculture. It is possible that agricultural runoff could cause additional stress if it does lead to toxic blooms or hypoxia." She and her colleagues plan to conduct follow-up studi...

Putting ecology back into river restoration

...r fish populations and clearer water. Palmer et al stress that restoration success should not be viewed as an all-or-nothing, single endpoint, but as an adaptive process where small improvements build up and lessons are learned from any failures. The third criteria for successful river restoration is to cr...

Signs of aging: Scientists evaluate genes associated with longevity

... current theories that protection against cellular stress is associated with increased lifespan. The researchers hope that their observations in C. elegans will contribute to our understanding of human aging. "Many processes involved in nematode aging may have fundamental and analogous roles in humans," Dr...

Unchecked DNA replication drives earliest steps toward cancer

...ding to conditions of DNA replication stress. This stress leads to random errors in the DNA duplication proc... year, senses the DNA breaks caused by replication stress and activates the p53 pathway. That pathway shuts down the replication process, thus limiting furthe...

New strategies to reduce hospital-aquired infections

...ogens. Health and government agencies continue to stress the need for more stringent approaches to dealing with nosocomial infections, such as the new infection control standards mandated by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), as part of their 2005 National Patient Sa...

Distributed Basic Local Alignment Search Toolkit (W.ND-BLAST)

...ogens. Health and government agencies continue to stress the need for more stringent approaches to dealing with nosocomial infections, such as the new infection control standards mandated by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), as part of their 2005 National Patient Sa...

To Stop Evolution: New Way Of Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Demonstrated By Scripps Scientists

...rg to the conclusion that mutation is a programmed stress response -- a survival mechanism. If the cell senses damage, and if the damage persists beyond its ability to repair it, the cell will turn on its mutation machinery and open the floodgates for evolution. Take the bacterium Escherichia coli for inst...

Radio-tracking associated with 'dramatic shift' in water vole sex ratio

...o-collars clearly have the potential to cause some stress to water voles, and it is possible that this might...ptimal habitats, similar to the sex-ratio bias and stress response in food deprived water voles," they say. Researchers have long been aware that the techniq...

Best research work in the area of wine growing

...hetic activity in 4 grape varieties after a hydric stress event", studied the response to the hydric stress event of the grape, in order to enable suitable land irrigation policies to be made and actions carr...

Cancer related gene p53 not regulated as indicated by previous tissue culture research

... not necessary to activate p53 under conditions of stress or to prevent p53 from throwing a wrench into the cell cycle machinery, when nothing is wrong. "The chemical modifications of the p53 protein that we thought were essential for its normal function may just fine-tune the activity of the protein under...

Scientists discover the body's marijuana-like compounds are crucial for stress-induced pain relief

...ew drug of choice for those suffering from pain or stress conditions. Importantly, it would not require peop...s virtually erased this opioid-independent form of stress analgesia." If this is true, was there a compound that could also prolong the action of these compo...

Understanding biases in epidemic models important when making public health predictions

... of those exposed. However, Wearing was careful to stress that current health protection programs have shown their effectiveness in such situations as the recent SARS outbreak in Southeast Asia. "We are highlighting what 'may happen' if we don't pay careful attention to the inherent assumptions in the mode...

Inhaling large amounts of salt can cause hypertension

... of those exposed. However, Wearing was careful to stress that current health protection programs have shown their effectiveness in such situations as the recent SARS outbreak in Southeast Asia. "We are highlighting what 'may happen' if we don't pay careful attention to the inherent assumptions in the mode...

Field of beams - Novel system uses polarized light pulses to reveal crop health

... of those exposed. However, Wearing was careful to stress that current health protection programs have shown their effectiveness in such situations as the recent SARS outbreak in Southeast Asia. "We are highlighting what 'may happen' if we don't pay careful attention to the inherent assumptions in the mode...

Male Combat Veterans Rank High In Heart Disease Risk

...igating the association between exposure to combat stress and behavioral and physical risk factors in aging men who fought in these earlier conflicts and their counterparts who served in the military but saw no combat or are not veterans. Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the...

Fluorescing lab worms signal longer life spans

...rms that were genetically engineered to illuminate stress levels, implying living organisms have "hidden phy... green fluorescent "reporter" protein coupled to a stress protein that is present in most multicellular organisms as a monitor of cellular health. The eyelash...

USC researchers determine mechanism of action of chemotherapy drug

...hat they found was that the drug created oxidative stress in the tumor cells, increasing the levels of expre...h. "Our studies showed that MGd induces oxidative stress in cancer cells," says Hacia, who is a member of USC's Institute for Genetic Medicine, "and this lea...

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment: Many of 2 billion dryland dwellers at risk as land degrades

... creating environmental refugees who can often add stress to areas that may not be degraded. Desertification has other strong adverse impacts on non-drylands as well. In addition to dust storms, biophysical impacts include downstream flooding, impairment of global carbon sequestration capacity, and regiona...

New clue to cocaine addicts' quirky behavior

...s as schizophrenia, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder, wrote the researchers. Yukiori Goto and Anthony A. Grace of the University of Pittsburgh described their findings in the July 21, 2005, issue of Neuron. In their studies, they sought to understand the effects of cocaine sensitization on th...

Endocannabinoids ?the brain's cannabis ?demonstrate novel modes of action to stress

...found that in both physiological and psychological stress situations, stress hormones act on the brain to stimulate the release of endogenous cannabinoids from neurons in the hy...

New Scripps Oceanography project to study sediments and ecosystem restoration in Venice lagoon

...ated by the organism) and could potentially induce stress on the local ecosystem. "This will be an integrated research project that will provide many valuable insights into several different aspects of environmental toxicology and environmental quality assessment," said Deheyn. "It will be extremely intere...

A new molecule discovered in the battle between plants and disease

...ession of the proAtPep1 gene. Cold and dehydration stress and exposure to ABA or MeSA did not affect the expression of proAtPep1, but wounding, exposing plants to methyl jasmonate (MeJA), or supplying plants with the AtPep1 peptide through cut petioles induced expression of the gene. Also expressed in respo...

Fundamental discovery -- Bone fracture

...ressed, helping the bone to absorb shock. When the stress is relaxed, they coil back to their original structure. The possible implications for human health are important, explained Georg E. Fantner, a UCSB doctoral student in physics and first author of the report. "The findings may lead to therapy for bo...

Lance Armstrong through a physiological lens: hard training boosts muscle power 8%

...at "for the same amount of cardiovascular and lung stress Armstrong is producing 8% more power, and yet producing less heat. These results have shown us how to improve already highly trained athletes by aiming at efficiency, which is a muscle phenomenon. But it's also nice to know," he added, "that as you g...

Penguin chicks exposed to human visitors experience spike in stress hormone

...osure reached 40 to 50 days old that they showed a stress response like the newly hatched chicks in areas fr... But it is unclear what later effects the elevated stress hormones might have. "We don't know yet what it means ?it might mean nothing, but it will take more...

Survival of heart patients on beta-blockers varies greatly with genetic variation

...e heartbeat and lowering blood pressure to relieve stress on the heart. They also block impulses that can cause rhythm disturbances. "Long-term therapy with beta-blockers is standard care for heart patients," Lanfear says. "Data from patients with acute myocardial infarction have shown that beta-blockers a...

Chemical 'band-aid' prevents heart failure in mice with muscular dystrophy

...ork harder and faster for 30 minutes. "During the stress test, 40 percent of the untreated mdx mice progressed to cardiac failure," says DeWayne Townsend, D.V.M., Ph.D., a post-doctoral fellow and co-first author of the study. "Even those that didn't reach the threshold were doing poorly. The control mice,...

Elderly mice yield clues to the process of growing old

...ins aging. A competing theory holds that oxidative stress -- the body's reaction to oxygen and the productio...ng to the new Science report, markers of oxidative stress did not parallel the accumulation of mitochondrial genetic mutations. Instead, the group found evide...

MERIS monitoring tracks planetary photosynthesis levels

...f terrestrial plant cover, identifying areas under stress and assessing damage from drought or fires. An algorithm developed by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (EC-JRC) in Ispra, Italy is the basis for global monthly photosynthesis maps derived from MERIS imagery. Their production represent...

UCSD study clarifies insulin's role in blocking release of energy in patients with type II diabetes

...gator, found that high levels of insulin can block stress hormones known as catecholamines, which normally cause the release of cellular energy. Adrenaline is the best known example of a catecholamine. For normal metabolism to occur, the body needs a balanced input of insulin and catecholamines. One of the ...

Newly Discovered Role for Heart Response Enzyme May Yield Better Heart Failure Therapy

...ise or stress. In heart failure patients, chronic stress leads to an excess of adrenaline, over-stimulating beta-adrenergic receptors, a process that results in receptor desensitization and loss, Rockman said. Earlier work by Rockman's team identified PI(3)K as being required for beta-adrenergic receptors...

Methamphetamine Abuse, HIV Infection Cause Changes in Brain Structure

...(involved in memory and learning). The scientists stress that among the recent methamphetamine abusers in the study, the degree of volume increase in the parietal cortex was associated with worse cognitive function. “In HIV-infected people, the cognitive impairments are associated with decreased employmen...

High carbon dioxide levels spur Southern pines to grow more needles

... area, but then they get hit very hard under water stress because they have they extra leaf area they are no longer able to support," she said. Much of the leaf volume information for her study came after she and others weighed basketfuls of needles that had fallen into collection baskets at the FACE site,...

Solution to 'legionella'

...eria and, on the other, they generate an oxidative stress that is transmitted throughout the water refrigeration system. This stress, together with the continuous loss of circulating bacteria throughout the system, reduces the formation of biofilm even at extremely low levels ?and maintains this to such an ...

miRNAs and musculature

...nance of muscle integrity and identity in times of stress induced by growth. Dr. Sokol proposes that "Mir-1 could function generally to maintain muscle cell identity by ensuring that mRNAs from promiscuously transcribed nonmuscle genes remain inactive." Their work adds to the emerging range of functions t...

India's smoking gun: Dino-killing eruptions

...e dinosaurs. "Our view is that impact added to the stress already generated by an ongoing massive eruption, enhancing significantly the extent of the extinction, which would however have taken place even if the impact had not occurred." Wiped out in the K-T mass extinction were 80-90% of marine species and...

New study finds how cells with damaged DNA alert the immune system

...rivation and starvation. However, the only type of stress that set off the sequence of events associated with impairment of a cell's genetic material -- the DNA damage pathway -- was exposure to radiation and chemotherapy drugs. They found that cells in which the DNA damage pathway was triggered were the o...

Renewed hope for Parkinson's patients

...rivation and starvation. However, the only type of stress that set off the sequence of events associated with impairment of a cell's genetic material -- the DNA damage pathway -- was exposure to radiation and chemotherapy drugs. They found that cells in which the DNA damage pathway was triggered were the o...

Costly breeding programs for endangered species pay off

...e questioned the need for such programs, which can stress rare animals, even to the point of death. Rice's results, which are available online, are scheduled to appear in an upcoming issue of the journal Zoo Biology. The results are based on a yearlong study of 11 generations of houseflies. The study is th...

Prions rapidly 'remodel' good protein into bad, Brown study shows

...-shifting is advantageous, allowing cells to avoid stress by rapidly adjusting to a new environment. "Our studies provide some insight into how the appearance of a misfolded protein ?a rare event ?can lead to devastating neurological diseases," said Serio. "Just a small amount of prion-state protein can ra...

Human cerebellum and cortex age in very different ways

...his region of the brain experiences less oxidative stress and damage as part of normal aging." "Much remains to be learned about how the brain ages and how changes in gene expression over time are related to brain activity," says Michael B. Eisen, assistant professor of molecular and cell biology at UC Ber...

Researchers learn how blood vessel cells cope with their pressure-packed job

...e human aorta are expected to react similarly. The stress fibers were made of actin, a fibrous protein that ...ir ability to make an internal "cytoskeleton." The stress fibers of endothelial cells in arteries are aligned parallel to the long axis of blood vessels, and ...

New factor implicated in allergy and asthma attacks

...There has been a lot of discussion about oxidative stress exacerbating asthma and allergies, but this is the first direct evidence that oxidative stress is required to induce a robust inflammation, and the first demonstration that a source of that stres...

Restaurant seafood prices since 1850s help plot marine harvests through history

...nd gloom" and depleted fishing areas, he says. "We stress an understanding of the forces behind the changes." With respect to the North Sea, for example, researchers at the conference will show: * How large harvests of the ling fish prior to 1914 allowed cod to dominate the North Sea, causing ecologis...

Chernobyl: The true scale of the accident

...ect influence of such factors as smoking, alcohol, stress and unhealthy lifestyle. Have there been or will there be any inherited or reproductive effects? Because of the relatively low doses to residents of contaminated territories, no evidence or likelihood of decreased fertility has been seen among male...

Retinal scans eyed for New Mexico show cattle

..., inconvenience and loss of privacy. But experts stress the importance of controlling cattle diseases before they get out of hand, said Clay Mathis, a livestock specialist with NMSU's Cooperative Extension Service. Even though the new system will cost producers more money, it will eventually mean the full...

Research Permits First-Ever Visualization of Psychological Stress in the Human Brain

..., visualized the effects of everyday psychological stress in a healthy human brain. Their work, performed a..., provides a neuro-imaging marker of psychological stress -- which will pave the way for the development of improved strategies for preventing or correcting t...