Sequential in Biological News

Researchers observe evolution chain reaction

... are reporting the ongoing emergence of a new species of fruit fly--and the sequential development of a new species of wasp--in the February 6 issue of the ... of biodiversity where the modification of one species triggers the sequential modification of a second, dependent species. The National Science ...

Why don't more animals change their sex?

... of their lifetime and then switch to the other sex, a phenomenon called sequential hermaphroditism. What remains a puzzle, according to Yale scientists, is ... cannot be explained by an analysis of the biological costs vs benefits. sequential hermaphroditism naturally occurs in various organisms from plants to ...

Don't count on long-term success in climate policy, warns paper in Decision Analysis

... Prof. Webster writes that climate policy decisions are normally made as sequential decisions over time under uncertainty -- given the magnitude of ... in political systems change the first-period (today) optimal choice from a sequential decision model of climate policy?," he writes. " If it does, then this ...

Abnormal brain circuits may prevent movement disorder

... with the disease gene have the same underlying functional brain abnormality, such as overactivity of motor circuits that make it hard to process sequential information. Nonetheless, mutation carriers have a characteristic circuit disorder involving a motor system that is revved up and idling at high ...

Researchers see evidence of memory in the songbird brain

... hears a new song from a member of its own species, the experience changes gene expression in its brain in unexpected ways, researchers report. The sequential switching on and off of thousands of genes after a bird hears a new tune offers a new picture of memory in the songbird brain. The finding, ...

Healing wounds with lasers, vehicles that drive themselves, other cutting-edge optics

... an ordinary planar waveguide whose optical properties can be nearly instantaneously modified by a separate pump laser beam incident from above. A sequential array of "transient" prisms is created by first allowing the pump beam to pass through a serrated mask. When the pump beam is properly synchronized ...

First neuroimaging study examining motor execution in children with autism reveals new insights

... used fMRI scans to examine the brain activity of 13 children with high functioning autism and 13 typically developing children while performing sequential finger tapping. The typically developing children had increased activity in the cerebellum, a region of the brain important for automating motor ...

Joining forces to improve lung cancer treatment

... Research groups will present new data at the meeting that reflect these developments, including: A study comparing radiotherapy alone to sequential chemotherapy and radiation in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, plus a correlation of gene expression level with survival (UK). Promising ...

Peregrine's PS-targeting antibodies highlighted in AACR Annual Meeting studies

... the role of anti-PS antibodies in mediating tumor cell cytotoxicity and the tumor microenvironment, showing that the anti-PS antibody induced a sequential release of cytokines and beta-chemokines and stimulated enhanced macrophage recruitment to tumors. Furthermore, the researchers showed that in ...

Biodiversity itself begets a species cascade, researchers say

... other life forms and that one-fifth of all insects could be parasitic wasps. The conclusion, they wrote, is that "there is a world of opportunity for sequential speciation in nature." "Clues can be found right before us as we sit on our deck chairs barbecuing and drinking pop," principal investigator Jeff ...

Digital communication technology helps clear path to personalized therapies

... study, led by Giovanni Paternostro, M.D., Ph.D., was published in the December 26, 2008, issue of PLoS Computational Biology . Using the stack sequential algorithm, which was developed for digital communications, the team of scientists searched for optimal drug combinations. This algorithm can ...

Rhode Island Hospital simulation center examines benefits and applications of medical simulation

... practice such as critical care transport medicine. Progressive simulations, i.e., longer-duration events that follow a simulated patient through sequential care environments, are also highlighted. These create an opportunity to study healthcare systems integration, continuity of care and transitions as ...

New UGA invention effectively kills foodborne pathogens in minutes

... facilities, but also at points-of-sale and at home, restaurants and military bases. The development of this technology is timely, given the recent, sequential outbreaks of foodborne pathogens," said Gennaro Gama, UGARF technology manager in charge of licensing this technology. ...

Sugar linkage could lead to better treatment for autoimmune diseases

... notes that while most biopolymers are linear and thus relatively easy to sequence, bush-shaped carbohydrates have proved challenging. With sequential mass spectrometry, we systematically untangle this bush, says Reinhold. We take it down to the trunk then try to put it back together to determine ...

Winners of 2008 Tyler Environmental Prize announced

... have been entering the environment. Most have come from the use of nitrogen-based fertilizer. Galloway used the cascade image to describe the sequential impacts of reactive nitrogen. A nitrogen atom that starts out as part of a smog-forming compound may then be deposited in lakes and forests as nitric ...

Plant gene clusters for natural products

... same family as the gene for the first step of the avenacin pathway in oats. The next three genes in the thalianol cluster are responsible for making sequential modifications to thalianol. Having successfully discovered one gene cluster, the researchers now plan to look for other gene clusters that may ...

Safe water: simpler method for analyzing radium in water samples cuts testing time

... of actual technician time. Previously approved EPA methods for measuring radium required several isolation and purification steps involving sequential precipitations from large sample volumes and sometimes liquid-liquid extractions. They all ended with a complicated final preparation step before ...

JCI table of contents: Aug. 16, 2007

... are first diagnosed with the disease so that the emergence of the drug-resistant forms of BCR-ABL might be prevented, or at least delayed. TITLE: sequential ABL kinase inhibitor therapy selects for compound drug-resistant BCR-ABL mutations with altered oncogenic potency AUTHOR CONTACT: Charles L. ...

Genomic Analysis Uncovers New Targets for HIV Vaccine

... is the point in the infection's natural history that the researchers studied. The CHAVI investigators wanted to study those patients who had many sequential blood samples taken during this plateau in viral load. Before their analyses began collaborators in the EuroChavi consortium, coordinated by Amalio ...

Genes and genius: Researchers confirm association between gene and intelligence

... the CHRM2 gene could be correlated with slight differences in performance IQ scores, which measure a person's visual-motor coordination, logical and sequential reasoning, spatial perception and abstract problem solving skills. When people had more than one positive variation in the gene, the improvements in ...

MUHC announces a transplant first in Quebec

... are done separately, but because both organs were procured from Quebec City at the same time by MUHC Drs. Ergina and Paraskevas and because sequential transplants can have a profound negative effect on the heart, we decided a simultaneous implantation offered the best hope of success." The ...

UGA study explains peaks and troughs of dengue epidemics

... four viral strains, or serotypes, that cause dengue explains the timing of epidemics. "We found that since about the mid 1980s, there's been a sequential replacement of the dominant serotype," said lead author Helen Wearing, a post-doctoral researcher at the UGA Institute of Ecology. "So, for example, ...

Scientists re-engineer a well-known antibiotic to counter drug resistance

... challenging, Boger said, requiring not only a detailed molecular level understanding of the origin of the vancomycin resistance but a total of 24 sequential chemical steps to prepare the new antibiotics; in this case, a single atom in vancomycin was altered to counter an analogous single atom change in ...

'Accelerated evolution' converts RNA enzyme to DNA enzyme in vitro

... helix structure of DNA, articulated in 1970, all known organisms operate according to the central dogma of molecular biology-that the transfer of sequential genetic information proceeds from nucleic acid to nucleic acid, and from nucleic acid to protein. But a far different situation exists with regard to ...

Simple idea to dramatically improve dengue vaccinations

... documented the disturbing co-existence of two or more Dengue viruses in Brazil, Cuba, Thailand, and other tropical and subtropical countries. Because sequential infection by multiple Dengue viruses can lead to increased likelihood of deadly infections, public health officials have attempted to counter the ...

Carnegie Mellon develops non-invasive technique to detect transplant rejection at cellular level

... grafted into its abdomen. The rat's native heart functions normally. In this way, the researchers can study how a transplanted heart changes through sequential stages of rejection while the rat stays healthy. This aspect of the research was conducted primarily by Qing Ye, a research biologist at the ...

Overfishing in inland waters reduces biodiversity and threatens health

... types of overfishing. One leads to marked declines in catch per unit effort and size of individuals captured. The second type is characterized by sequential declines of species and depletion of individuals and species of large size, especially piscivores. These types are illustrated by case studies of ...

Scientists narrow the time limits for the human and chimpanzee split

... Associate Alan Filipski and graduate student Vinod Swarna. The scientists estimated the time of divergence between species by studying the sequential arrangement of nucleotides that make up the chain-like DNA molecules of each species. The number of mutations in the DNA sequence of a species, ...

Reversal of role for a viral protein associated with the development of lymphoma

... fibrosis and cancer. "We found that many large introns are removed by multiple recursive splicing steps," Lopez said. "These steps involve the sequential excision of smaller subfragments. Our work also indicates that most recursive splicing events leave no clues in the final mRNA. This is why they have ...

Carnegie Mellon University research reveals how cells process large genes

... fibrosis and cancer. "We found that many large introns are removed by multiple recursive splicing steps," Lopez said. "These steps involve the sequential excision of smaller subfragments. Our work also indicates that most recursive splicing events leave no clues in the final mRNA. This is why they have ...

DNA Molecules Used To Assemble Nanoparticles

... such as contrast agents and drugs, but the synthesis process is long and difficult, requiring months for each new molecule added to the dendrimer in sequential steps. And the yield of useful particles drops with each successive step of synthesis. For a paper published Jan. 21 in the journal Chemistry and ...