Sequences in Biological News

Scientists decoding genomic sequences of H1N1 using isolates from outbreak in Argentina

... 454 Life Sciences to decode the complete genomic sequences of influenza pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus from ... disease. The scientists will be comparing sequences of viruses associated with the current outbreak ... bring new insights. Thus, our plan is to release sequences in draft form so that the vetting process can ...

CSHL scientists harness logic of 'Sudoku' math puzzle to vastly enhance genome-sequencing capability

... of DNA samples to be combined, and their sequences the order in which the letters of the DNA ... could use the barcode tags on the resulting sequences as identification markers and thus tell which ... and researchers gain the ability to generate sequences for longer segments of the genome, Hannon ...

MIT reels in RNA surprise with microbial ocean catch

... our data sets," said Shi. "When I looked into the sequences that cannot be confidently assigned as protein-coding, I found that a big percentage of those sequences are non-coding sequences derived from yet-to-be-cultivated microorganisms ...

Evolutionary origin of bacterial chromosomes revealed

... sequence information with the genome sequences of other bacteria suggests a general model for ... which were recently completed, and compared the sequences with those of different bacteria to shed light on ... formation." "Examination of different genome sequences within the Rhizobiales family has revealed that ...

New technique used to profile anthrax genome

... which counts millions of messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences simultaneously. Although the method was used to ... tell us precisely where to find the regulatory sequences that govern gene expression, and these sequences are extremely hard to find otherwise." The ...

Genomatix gets patent for comparative genomics method

... of functionally corresponding regulatory sequences for orthologous loci in eukaryotic genomes" by ... networks of functionally related regulatory DNA sequences in different eukaryotic species. With today's ... genomic repeats etc.). Annotation of regulatory sequences like promoters and enhancers is a special ...

UMMS researchers publish DNA identification of czar's children

... to determine the complete mitochondrial genome sequences from the remains. After doing so, they determined ... reconstructed the complete mitochondrial genome sequences from the remains and, analyzing specific ... and, in addition, compared with mitochondrial DNA sequences from other distant maternal relatives of Queen ...

Relationships in rank and file

... or protein is to compare its sequence with the sequences of hundreds of other organisms that are ... while being just as quick. Instead of comparing sequences letter by letter, their idea is to take the ... DNA or amino acid components. Genes with similar sequences frequently have a similar function. The same goes ...

Ancestral genome of present-day African great apes & humans had burst of DNA sequence duplication

... of humans and great apes within duplicated sequences containing rapidly evolving genes. Most of these ... share almost 99 percent of the non-duplicated sequences of their genomes; their proteins are virtually ... the researchers noted that the duplicated sequences show much more variation than the other portions ...

New computational technique allows comparison of whole genomes as easily as whole books

... with near relatives assumed to have more similar sequences than distant relatives. This technique assumes ... consecutive letter combinations, but overlapping sequences obtained by sliding a two-, three- or more-letter ... very large, the researchers translated the genome sequences using a reduced, two-letter alphabet - R for the ...

Case Western Reserve finds mechanism underlying alt. splicing of premessenger RNA into messenger RNA

... splicing caused by changes (mutations) in DNA sequences create more than half of all genetic diseases. ... sometimes the resulting mRNA includes nucleotide sequences that should have been deleted. Because the ... organized the 89 unique intronic silencer sequences they found into four distinct clusters, while the ...

Scientists shed light on evolution of gene regulation

... the mouse chromosome. They then compared the DNA sequences in these segments to those in other species. The ... found that only 45 percent of the GATA1-bound DNA sequences from the mouse were present in an identical form ... in most other vertebrates," said Hardison. DNA sequences that are maintained across species over the ...

Researchers develop new self-training gene prediction program for fungi

... that trains itself to predict genes in the DNA sequences of fungi. Fungi which range from yeast to ... Model to pinpoint the boundaries between coding sequences (exons) and non-coding sequences (introns and intergenic regions). Most ...

Trichoplax genome sequenced -- 'rosetta stone' for understanding evolution

... a multi-cellular creature, it contains signature sequences for gene regulation found in more complex animals ... in most animals with genes, introns and spacer sequences like the most primitive organisms. However, size is not all that matters. DNA sequences that organisms share in common represents what ...

Duke-NIEHS team shows how DNA repairs may reshape the genome

... "People have discovered high levels of repeated sequences in the genomes of most higher species and spun ... been able to show with yeast that these repeated sequences allow the formation of new types of chromosomes ... resulted from interactions between repeated DNA sequences located on different chromosomes rather than from ...

Genomics of large marine animals showcased in the biological bulletin

... to open new areas of study." By plugging DNA sequences from a marine organism like the sea urchin into a ... papers include: Marine invertebrate genome sequences and our evolving understanding of animal immunity ... Traylor-Knowles, and John R. Finnerty cDNA sequences for transcription factors and signaling proteins ...

New cheaper method for mapping disease genes

... were then rinsed in a fluid containing short DNA sequences of five nucleotides, marked with a fluorescent ... allowed them to examine which of the short DNA sequences adhered to each fragment. After having rinsed all possible short DNA sequences over several million fragments, the scientists ...

Scientists discover small RNAs that regulate gene expression and protect the genome

... Advanced Sequencing RNA molecules consist of sequences of chemical units, or bases, that are copies of ... Each specific sequence can recognize related sequences in other RNA or DNA molecules. To regulate ... genome to find matching sequences, as well as the sequences nearby. This original context is crucial to ...

Scientists find a fingerprint of evolution across the human genome

... serves no purpose, the thinking goes, the two sequences will differ because of numerous mutations since ... an ancestor. In contrast, its believed that the sequences of important genes will be similar, or conserved, ... survive. Biologists therefore regard conserved sequences as a sign of biological importance. To test ...

Nano-softball made of DNA

... 15-base-pair-long, double-stranded DNA sequences with similar physical properties. The double-stranded sequences were assigned to the individual edges of the ... was then determined which three single-stranded sequences needed to be attached to each three-legged ...

Bioinformatics technology developed at Argonne provides new insight into microbial activities

... of more than 14 million microbial and viral sequences from almost 90 different ecological communities, ... in the SEED database. For this study, DNA sequences first were analyzed by using a high-throughput ... acquire an accurately annotated genome. The sequences then were compared to the SEED platform by using ...

Team probes mysteries of oceanic bacteria

... found in the environment. However, those DNA sequences alone cannot reveal which genes the bacteria are ... millions of DNA base pairs in a day. Once the sequences of highly expressed mRNA are known, the researchers can compare them with DNA sequences in the database of bacterial genes and try to ...

Scientists decode genomes of diverse TB isolates

... also decoded. Initial comparisons of the genome sequences reveal that the drug-resistant and drug-sensitive ... School in South Africa. The draft genome sequences of the various TB strains each cover roughly 95% of the M. tuberculosis genome. Comparing the DNA sequences in these regions allows the researchers to ...

Symposium marks 30th anniversary of discovery of third domain of life

... the evolutionary history of life by comparing RNA sequences of a molecular sequence common to all living ... Each group of organisms contains sets of genetic sequences in their ribosomal RNA that are distinctive. ... Woese had already found a collection of rRNA sequences that were specific to bacteria, and another set ...

DNA analysis shows true dispersal of protozoa

... upon PCR, cloning and sequencing of ITS1 rDNA sequences from samples gathered from around the world. ITS1 ... numbers of globally distributed environmental DNA sequences with such narrowly targeted PCR primers. Identical ITS sequences were found in widely separated sites from all ...

Putting stem cell research on the fast track

... In order to screen how all these different DNA sequences affect stem cell function you need an extremely ... If researchers can isolate the specific genetic sequences that cause a stem cell to transform into a neural ... used to quickly understand how different genetic sequences affect stem cell development. The stamp is ...

Ultraconserved elements in the genome: Are they indispensable?

... genomes of mice, rats, and humans. These are DNA sequences 200 base pairs in length or longer -- some are ... years ago. These and other highly conserved sequences are thought to have persisted with little or no ... that the reason for absolute identity of sequences over the 80 million years since humans and ...

Evolution is driven by gene regulation

... regions, or promoters, are more variable than the sequences of their corresponding protein-coding regions, ... at their promoter sites. Then, they analyzed the sequences that were isolated to determine the similarities ... of closely and more distantly related yeast whose sequences were well documented, we were able to see ...

Gene regulation, not just genes, is what sets humans apart

... His group looked at the regulatory sequences immediately adjacent to 6,280 genes on the DNA of ... a genome-wide look at the evolution of regulatory sequences in different organisms. Other studies have ... as a reference point for comparing the coding sequences of humans and chimps, but the ...

Parasites ready to jump

... have now uncovered a new type of cellular defence that acts against DNA sequences present in high copy numbers inside the cell, even if they have not ... would also like to know how the mechanism is targeted specifically against sequences present in high copy numbers". ...

Gene evolution process discovered

... species. We've found that it works by binding to specific genetic sequences and repressing or enhancing the expression of genes associated with these ... expressed in the central nervous system. The team compared 16 whole genome sequences in fish, primates and humans to see where and how REST binds to them. ...

DOE JGI releases expanded version of Phytozome.net

... common to all vascular plants. Phytozome also includes the completed sequences of rice, papaya, grape, Medicago (the genus which includes alfalfa as a ... thaliana , as well as maize bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) sequences from the Maize Genome Sequencing Project ( http://www.maizesequence.org ). ...

MSU discoveries upend traditional thinking about how plants make certain compounds

... Pichersky, of the University of Michigan, noticed that there were many sequences from genes that weren't supposed to be involved in monoterpene production. Because the sequences were found so frequently, they hypothesized the genes must be making high ...

'Disordered' amino acids may really be there to provide wiggle room for signaling protein

... in how cells function and survive, but it contains these puzzling 'junk' sequences that don't seem to have any apparent purpose," says the paper's lead ... to make up proteins, and so we tend to dismiss the interspersed disordered sequences that don't seem to have any definable structure," Roder says. "Here we ...

Covering the bases: Quantum effect may hold promise for low-cost DNA sequencing, sensor applications

... physics, it does not have enough energy to do so. Unraveling the DNA sequences of the human genome a decade ago was a remarkable achievement. Today, the ... The rules of attraction Dr. Lindsay's technique for observing DNA sequences relies on devices known as scanning tunneling- (STM) and atomic force- ...

Pitt researchers describe molecular '2-step' leading to protein clumps of Huntington's disease

... Huntington's disease rises sharply in individuals whose polyglutamine sequences are only slightly larger. A block of 40 repeats, for example, is ... flanking the polyglutamine. They found that longer polyglutamine sequences have the ability to disrupt the structure of a neighboring region, 17 ...

A new way to assemble cells into 3-D microtissues

... repeating sequence of thymine and guanine ... on the other, up to sequences whose base order varies over the full length of the 20-base strand of synthetic DNA. The more complex the sequences they display, the longer it takes the cells to bind together. A third ...

Researchers capture wave of brain activity linked to anticipation

... at Georgetown University Medical Center. While it makes sense that song sequences can be memorized and thus anticipated by a listener, no one before has ... which is why we have such a large prefrontal cortex. We have a lot of sequences that we need to store in order to predict what we should do." ...

Engineers create intelligent molecules that seek-and-destroy diseased cells

... 2008, issue of Science. "We do our design on the computer and pick out sequences that are predicted to behave the way we like," Smolke said. When researchers generate these sequences inside the operating system of a cell, they reprogram the cell and change ...

Caltech researchers help unlock the secrets of gene regulatory networks

... in each species is encoded in the genome, and the physical location of the sequences where this code is resident is being revealed in a new area of systems ... of genes that encode proteins that regulate other genes, and the DNA sequences which control when and where they are expressed," says Davidson, who ...