ribonucleic

Papers of DNA Pioneer and Nobel Laureate Francis Crick Added to National Library of Medicine’s Profiles in Science Web Site

...ublished note predicting the existence of transfer ribonucleic acid. Profiles in Science was launched September 1998 by the National Library of Medicine. The Library, the world’s largest library of the health sciences, is a component of the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Serv...

RNA project to create language for scientists worldwide

Research into ribonucleic acids (RNA)--the building blocks of life--is exploding as scientists worldwide discover the roles of RNA in genetics, health, disease and the development of organisms. The rapidly growing body of knowledge has created the need for researchers to deve...

Life's origins were easier than was thought

...f the more accepted theories, these molecules were ribonucleic acid (RNA) chains, a molecule that is practically identical to DNA and that today has the secondary role in cells of copying information stored in DNA and translating it into proteins. These proteins have a direct active role in the chemical reactio...

New book expands biological classifications to account for 'alien' life

... dominion he calls "ribosa" because it is based on ribonucleic acid, or RNA. Other dominions could be formed to cover life discovered to have a different base than DNA or RNA. The dominions would be placed within broader classifications called "arborea," which contain life that does not mix with that of other a...

Study provides insight into cellular defenses against genetic mutation

...nucleic acids (DNA), they are put into practice by ribonucleic acids (RNA). Messenger RNA (mRNA), a modified copy of DNA, is transported to cellular factories called ribosomes that receive instructions for building proteins by "reading" mRNA templates. Over time, genes evolve to show changes in their makeup. So...

Delaware scientists make significant advance in study of small RNAs

...e made a significant advance in the study of small ribonucleic acids (RNAs), discovering 10 times more small RNAs in the plant Arabidopsis than previously had been identified. The advance is reported in the Sept. 2 issue of Science magazine. The research was conducted over the course of the last year and a half...

SLU researchers uncover direct evidence on how HIV invades healthy cells

...first protein, reverse transcriptase, converts the ribonucleic acid (RNA) in HIV into deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Integrase then inserts the HIV DNA into the immune cell's DNA, making it a permanent part of the cell. The third protein, protease, processes viral proteins and is essential to make infectious vir...

Yale participates in global human genome initiative

...iRNA library, or compilation of short, interfering ribonucleic acid sequences. The library is designed to determine when individual genes are functioning. It uses a format that is accessible to researchers for detailed analysis of individual genes, gene families and metabolic pathways. The siRNA sequences have ...

Polymer aids in blood clotting, pointing way to new treatment

...ogy for discovering mechanisms in the synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid. "Roberto has discovered a novel structure of major metabolic importance that regulates the levels of calcium and phosphate within all cells," said Kornberg, an emeritus professor of biochemistry in Stanford University...

Study shows that cells have a natural defense against HIV

...arries its genetic material in the form of RNA, or ribonucleic acid. Once inside a cell, the virus makes a copy of its genes in the form of DNA. This DNA copy ?known as cDNA ?then travels to the cell nucleus. There, it becomes inserted, or integrated, into the cell's DNA. There it is known as a provirus, and it ...

Parallel evolution: Proteins do it, too

...eria to recover the nutrients, such as protein and ribonucleic acid (RNA), a particularly important source of nitrogen in leaf eaters. Zhang focused his attention on RNASE1, a pancreatic enzyme that breaks down bacterial RNA. Most primates have one gene encoding the enzyme, but he found that the douc langur, a ...

Biologists develop large gene dataset for rice plant

...xamined both normal gene expression (via messenger ribonucleic acids, or mRNAs) as well as small ribonucleic acids (small RNAs) in rice. The analysis of rice was based on gene sequences representing nearly ...

Renegade RNA -- Clues to cancer and normal growth

...r its own internal code. A report on the renegade ribonucleic acid, and the code that directs its movement, will be published Jan. 5 in Science. MicroRNAs, already implicated in cancer and normal development, latch on to and gum up larger strands of RNA that carry instructions for making the proteins that do...

Common cancer gene sends death order to tiny killer

...nes in their nuclei. MicroRNAs are small chains of ribonucleic acid (RNA) made by the same machinery that produces other types of RNA in the cell, such as the messenger RNAs that carry the instructions to make proteins. Once produced, microRNAs stick to messenger RNAs and, like crumpled paper jammed in a copy ma...