reservoir

Newly-discovered class of genes determines ?and restricts ?stem cell fate

...ied in many types of organs and may be a potential reservoir for tissue regeneration. A fundamental understanding of the molecular programs that regulate stem-cell differentiation is necessary for harnessing this potential. ### This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health. Epstein...

The secret lives of whales

... fall fauna. “The deep ocean appears to be a major reservoir of biodiversity on the planet. Some of the oddest animals ever discovered occur on whale falls,?says Smith. “These communities are the undertakers of the deep, assimilating huge whale carcasses and recycling their bodies back into oceanic lifecycles....

Jefferson Virologists Coax HIV Out of Hiding

... suspectssuch strains may be from an unknown viral reservoir in the blood. “IL-7may teach us something,?he says...ected. We think we’ve found a new population, anew reservoir of HIV that has not been seen before. It’s probably asub-population of blood cells, lymphocytes not ...

Spider Venom Could Yield Eco-Friendly Insecticides

...er species yet to be studied represent an untapped reservoir of diverse insecticidal compounds that could do more than control agricultural pests. As researchers inventory more kinds of venom and uncover insecticide leads, they may be able to target insects that transmit new and emerging human diseases, such a...

Scientists discover the cellular roots of graying hair

...e gradual dying off ofadult stem cells that form a reservoir that spawns a continuous supplyof new pigment-manufacturing cells, called melanocytes, that give hairits youthful hues. Not only do the non-specialized stem cells becomedepleted, they also progressively make errors, turning into fullycommitted pigmen...

Fundamental Finding Yields Insight into Stem Cells, Cancer; Opens Door to Drug Discovery

...e gradual dying off ofadult stem cells that form a reservoir that spawns a continuous supplyof new pigment-manufacturing cells, called melanocytes, that give hairits youthful hues. Not only do the non-specialized stem cells becomedepleted, they also progressively make errors, turning into fullycommitted pigmen...

Weizmann Institute scientists develop a new approach for directing treatment to metastasized prostate cancer in the bones.

...e gradual dying off ofadult stem cells that form a reservoir that spawns a continuous supplyof new pigment-manufacturing cells, called melanocytes, that give hairits youthful hues. Not only do the non-specialized stem cells becomedepleted, they also progressively make errors, turning into fullycommitted pigmen...

New SARS Protein Linked To Important Cell Doorway

...S virus first jumped from its still unknown animal reservoir to humans in late 2002, it caused approximately 800 deaths and 8,000 infections in several Asian countries. Months before SARS became available for direct study, Washington University researchers used the SARS genome, finished a mere half-year after ...

Tiny scaffolding allows stem cells to become working fat cells

...ids, from the bloodstream. They also become a huge reservoir for glucose as well, and play a role in insulins ability to effectively convert glucose into energy. "If we could learn how to control fat formation in the body, then we could keep people leaner, lowering their chances of becoming insulin-dependent,...

Reservoirs may accelerate the spread of invasive aquatic species, researchers say

...spread of invasive species. The authors note that reservoir construction often leads to many-fold increases in the area of standing water in a region and that reservoirs typically replace varied stream habitats with habitats more similar to each other. Compared to natural lakes, reservoirs are usually shallow...

Ebola virus: from wildlife to dogs

...le is not restricted just to transmission from the reservoir to the non-human primate and then to humans. It is quite possible that several reservoir species co-existent and that many other animal species can become infected, thus contributing to pro...

Study shows eutrophic lakes may not recover for a millennium

...ply phosphorus fertilizers, even when soils have a reservoir of the nutrient. The biggest help, Carpenter says, would come from reducing soil erosion rates. However, developing larger buffers around lakes and streams, restoring wetlands and encouraging the use of new manure storage and handling processes are ...

Visceral Leishmaniasis: Successful Vaccine Trial In Dogs

...n is hit heavily by infection. It acts as parasite reservoir for humans. Development of a vaccine for dogs coul...y visceral leishmaniasis. These animals are thus a reservoir for these parasites, which continuously feed the mammal-sand fly-human cycle. In this context, devel...

Sangamo BioSciences demonstrates its ZFP treatment protects cells from HIV infection

...otentially provide HIV-infected individuals with a reservoir of healthy and uninfectable T-cells that would be available to fight both opportunistic infections and HIV itself. In this program, we have been working in close collaboration with Dr. Carl June at the University of Pennsylvania with the goal of ini...

Alleged 40,000-year-old human footprints in Mexico much, much older than thought

... deposited in a former lake bed now exposed near a reservoir outside Puebla. Its dating techniques returned a date of 40,000 years ago, in contrast to the oldest accepted human fossil from the Americas, an 11,500-year-old skull. This makes the rock "one of the most important areas in the study of early human o...

There's something fishy about human brain evolution

...mand, human babies are born with a built-in energy reservoir ?that cute baby fat. Human infants are the only primate babies born with excess fat. It accounts for about 14 per cent of their birth weight, similar to that of their brains. It's this baby fat, says Dr. Cunnane, that provided the physiological win...

Ocean virus identified in human blood samples

...ironment is "a relatively under-explored potential reservoir of human pathogens," the researchers said in their study. History suggests these viruses have rarely been confined to the ocean. A costly Vesivirus epidemic in hogs first was identified in 1932, and was found to be linked to uncooked fish and pork s...

Experimental TB drug effective against resistant and latent mycobacterium tuberculosis

...ed. "The latently infected represent an enormous reservoir for future outbreaks. Existing drugs are ineffective at targeting latent infection. In laboratory assays our compound is lethal to latently adapted Mycobacterium tuberculosis," says Parrish. The researchers are currently undertaking animal experi...

How can we protect patients with weakened immune systems from influenza?

...eople with healthier immune systems, they may be a reservoir for the disease. In addition to the yearly toll of ordinary influenza (as many as 36,000 annual fatalities in the U.S.), added concerns over potential threats -- an avian flu pandemic or the use of flu as a weapon of biological warfare -- put anti-fl...

Contaminants linked to sturgeon decline in Columbia river

...lle. The contamination was most significant in the reservoir behind the Bonneville Dam, the oldest dam on the r...point this is a hypothesis. "Fish residing in the reservoir behind the oldest dam had the highest contaminant loads," Feist added, "and exhibited reduced growth...

Mutation in blood stem cells provides clues to cancer development

...g certain forms of blood cancer is partly due to a reservoir of leukemic stem cells that are resistant to current therapies. The discovery of the JAK2 mutation in stem cells in patients with PV is an important first step in developing treatments which target the earliest population of cells which propagate th...

New human retrovirus originated in mice

... from person to person? And are people the natural reservoir of this virus, or is it some other organism?" DeRisi and Ganem said they are planning studies to explore whether XMRV is restricted to prostate cancers or whether it is more widespread in the body and in other segments of the human population. To an...

UC Davis study finds HIV hiding from drugs in gut, preventing immune recovery

...d. "In these patients the gut is acting as a viral reservoir that keeps us from ridding patients of the virus." Physicians treating HIV-infected patients have long relied on blood measurements of viral load and T-cell counts when choosing a course of treatment. Viral load is the number of viral particles in...

UAB researchers confirm HIV-1 originated in wild chimpanzees

...e for human AIDS. That missing link is the natural reservoir of the virus, which the team has found in wild-living chimpanzees in southern Cameroon. The findings provide important clues to how the disease migrated from non-human to human primates, and will be released Thursday (May 25) in ScienceExpress [ http...

Innocuous intestinal bacteria may be reservoir for resistance

..., may not be so harmless after all. They may be a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes that can be transferred to more harmful, disease-causing bacteria, according to research presented today at the 106th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology in Orlando, Florida. "There is concern tha...

Sandia work launched on space shuttle shows live cells influence growth of nanostructures

...ty of the lipid-silica nanostructure to serve as a reservoir for water, no cracking or shrinkage is observed. The cells are maintained in the necessary fluidic environment." The cell-architected nanostructure is, he says, "an amazing way to preserve a cell." The cells already have emerged still viable afte...

Research highlights how bacteria produce energy

... clear whether microorganisms injected into an oil reservoir will be active and whether they will make enough b...e and his colleagues were able to inoculate an oil reservoir with specific strains of bacteria and have these bacteria make biosurfactants in amounts needed for ...

Tuberculosis: The bacillus takes refuge in adipose cells

...ted individuals should take these newly identified reservoir cells into account. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, t...nd tissue cultures, that adipose cells served as a reservoir for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and that this protected the bacillus against isoniazid. They then in...

Chemical tests of cell growth enter third dimension

... 3D. The drug to be tested is pumped from a common reservoir into the pipes. Each well could receive a different dosage of the same drug. Or, researchers could plant cells from different organs in each well, and see how each kind of cell reacts to the same dosage -- a quick way to detect a drug's potential si...

Wild gorillas carriers of a SIV virus close to the AIDS virus

...subspecies living in the Congo Basin (2) to be the reservoir of HIV-1 virus group M, the source of the world pa...er, very rare variant, HIV-1 group N. However, the reservoir of the third HIV-1 group, group O which infects humans (3), remained unidentified up to now. This ...

Ebola-outbreak kills 5000 gorillas

...las appeared not to be infected directly from some reservoir host, as previously assumed. Rather, initial spillover from a reservoir host appeared to trigger an epidemic that spread from gorilla social group to gorilla social group. ...

Bacteria from patient's dental plaque causes ventilator-associated pneumonia

...uggest that the teeth likely serve as an important reservoir of infection in these patients," said Heo. "To prevent opportunistic, hospital-acquired disease, taking care of teeth and gums while hospitalized might be especially important." ...

Ebola outbreaks killing thousands of gorillas and chimpanzees

...o be through "massive spillover" from some unknown reservoir host. The new study, conducted by researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Cambridge University, and Stony Brook University at three sites in northern Republic of Congo, suggests that Ebola transmission between ape gro...

The quest for an effective HIV vaccine presents new possibilities, challenges

...but, unlike HIV, most do not establish a permanent reservoir of infected cells in the body. The window of opportunity to prevent long-term HIV infection may close permanently once a pool of latently infected cells is in place, Drs. Johnston and Fauci note. Neutralizing antibodies, which can attach to and elimi...

Potent possibilities for parasite attack

... hindgut of its sandfly vector, and the restricted reservoir host range seen with L. infantum infections in dog...omesticated animals - as well as humans - act as a reservoir for the disease....

Cancer stem cells similar to normal stem cells can thwart anti-cancer agents

...lly thwarted because they cannot eliminate a small reservoir of multiple-drug-resistant tumor cells, called cancer stem cells, which ultimately become the source of disease recurrence and eventual metastasis. Now, research by scientists at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine suggests that for chemo...

Researchers examine carbon capture and storage to combat global warming

... have a caprock, or an impermeable layer above the reservoir shaped like an upside-down bowl, that traps the ga... To address these risks, scientists are studying reservoir geology to better understand what happens after injecting carbon dioxide underground. ''You need ...

Loss of stem cells correlates with premature aging in animal study

... To be able to renew itself, most tissues have a reservoir of specific adult stem cells. These stem cells don’t divide as frequently as other cell types since they need to maintain the integrity of their DNA, and multiple divisions lead to natural breaks in DNA. But when these stem cells are needed, their pr...