Posterior in Biological News

Protein that regulates hormones critical to women's health found in pituitary

... hormones that come almost exclusively from the posterior pituitary: oxytocin, which controls many ... when they discovered large amounts of it in the posterior pituitary, one of the three primary parts of the ... year, his team showed that Viagra acts in the posterior pituitary by enabling electrical impulses to ...

Study finds Viagra increases release of key reproductive hormone

... amount of oxytocin released by stimulation of the posterior pituitary gland, a small structure directly ... which corrects erectile dysfunction, and in the posterior pituitary, the cells become more responsive. ... he says. "The same thing is happening in the posterior pituitary - Viagra will not induce the release of ...

International TGen-led team finds link between brain protein and Alzheimer's disease

... The regions investigated included the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, middle temporal gyrus, and superior frontal gyrus. ... or father, or both. These differences were found in the precuneus and posterior cingulated regions of the brain affected in the earliest stages of ...

Gene predicts how brain responds to fatigue, human study shows

... activity in brain structures normally activated by the task. These participants also showed reduced brain activity in one brain structure the right posterior inferior frontal gyrus after a normal waking day. These data are consistent with previous research suggesting that people with the long gene variant ...

Brain's problem-solving function at work when we daydream

... Until now, the brain's "default network" which is linked to easy, routine mental activity and includes the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC), the posterior cingulate cortex and the temporoparietal junction was the only part of the brain thought to be active when our minds wander. However, the study ...

Early brain activity sheds new light on the neural basis of reading

... Significant responses were also detected to words in other parts of the reading network, including the anterior middle temporal gyrus, the left posterior middle temporal gyrus, the angular and supramarginal gyri, and the left superior temporal gyrus. The left inferior frontal gyrus is located in the ...

Altered gene can increase risk of schizophrenia

... previously known as CAPON, is one which Brzustowicz has been studying for six years. The paper also presents an innovative statistical method, posterior Probability of Linkage Disequilibrium (PPLD). This is the work of co-author Veronica Vieland of The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's ...

Microscopic morphology adds to the scorpion family tree

... (the leaves of the book); the edges of the leaves, within a chamber called an atrium (the pre-chamber of the book lung); and the processes on the posterior valve-like edges of the spiracles (the point at which the book lung opens to the atmosphere). The tremendous diversity of structures documented by ...

Scientists trace molecular origin of proportional development

... of the embryo, where the level of Bicoid is high. In normal (wild-type) embryos, the process begins when Bicoid diffuses from the anterior toward the posterior end, a principal already established in existing research literature. Bicoid, which comes from the mother, then forms a gradient along this body ....

Newly discovered molecular switch helps decide cell type in early embryo development

... appropriate locations in the developing body. Understanding the influence of Hox transcription factors in cell differentiation along the anterior and posterior axis of the Drosophilia melangaster fruit fly is an important focal point of this research. In collaboration with H. Leighton Grimes, Ph.D., of ...

Cognitive, genetic clues identified in imaging study of alcohol addiction

... While decisions were being made the imaging detected activity the predicted individual choice in regions associated with decision making -- the posterior parietal cortex, the dorsal prefrontal cortex, the anterior temporal lobe and the orbital frontal cortex. People who sustain damage to the orbital ...

Genetic contributions to human brain morphology and intelligence

... and corticospinal tract, as well as gray matter density of the medial frontal, superior frontal, superior temporal, occipital, postcentral, posterior cingulate, and parahippocampal cortices. Moreover, the results show that intelligence shares a common genetic origin with superior occipitofrontal, ...

NYU scientists identify how development of different species uses same genes with distinct features

... where it is required both to promote anterior development and to repress posterior development. However, bicoid is unique to flies and does not exist in ... function of bicoid while anterior localization of giant mRNA represses posterior development. "This comparison of the molecular mechanisms employed by ...

Gambling monkeys give insight into neural machinery of risk

... They threaded hair-thin microelectrodes into a brain region called the posterior cingulate cortex, which studies in humans and animals had implicated in ... not believe they have mapped the entire circuitry. "We don't think the posterior cingulate cortex is by any means the only area that's important for ...

An advanced genetic diagnostic method for multiple myeloma

... of the University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, en Kiel (Germany), is oriented towards the study of the genetic base of this cancer, and the posterior development of cytogenetic diagnostic strategies for the detection of alterations with prognostic value. For this purpose, he has analyzed, by ...

Memory loss affects more of the brain than previously thought

... formation and retrieval), left hippocampus (during retrieval) and left cerebellum (during formation) and an increased level of activation in the posterior frontal lobes (during retrieval). "These findings suggest that we should be paying closer attention to frontal lobe function in detecting people ...

Relationship of brain and skull more than just packaging

... the biggest errors in reproducibility," says Richtsmeier. "We eventually chose brain locations that were easier to identify reliably such as the most posterior point or the centroid of small neural structures." The researchers did not compare one brain to another or one skull to another, nor did they use ...

Cholesterol gets 'thumbs up' for role in digit development

... a thumb on the front paw (or a "big toe"on the back paw). The Sonic hedgehog protein is produced by a specialized group of cells located at the posterior part of the developing limb bud, which eventually develops into the pinkie finger or toe. At the site of its synthesis, Sonic hedgehog concentrations ...

New understanding of regeneration gained by Forsyth scientists

... than a head and tail. The loss of GJC function had a direct impact on the regeneration process; without this communication the planaria cells at the posterior end became re-specified and formed a normal head, complete with brain, eyes, etc.. This is an example of a high-level "master" control signal. "If ...

Alcohol's effects on gene expression in the central nervous system

... and chromosomal regions that influence alcohol drinking and response to alcohol." # Intracranial self-administration of ethanol into the posterior ventral tegmental area (VTA) of alcohol-preferring rats produced results suggesting that the reinforcing effects of alcohol are activating VTA ...