Pathway in Biological News

Abnormal brain circuits may prevent movement disorder

... identified two discrete areas along the pathway that links the cerebellum to the motor cortex ... saw that there were two places along the motor pathway that seemed to stop the flow of neural signals ... concluded. "We found a consistent cerebellar pathway problem in all DYT1 carriers. When we went back ...

Study reveals a reprogrammed role for the androgen receptor

... the androgen receptor directs a distinct gene pathway in androgen-independent prostate cancers may lead to the identification of genes in that pathway that can be targeted by future ... active. The genes form a completely separate pathway from the one active in androgen-dependent ...

Scientists track impact of DNA damage in the developing brain

... the first time researchers have switched off a pathway for repairing damaged single DNA strands in an ... long recognized as the master regulator of a pathway essential for single-strand DNA repair in the ... McKinnon said, loss of Xrcc1 activated the p53 pathway and blocked the cells from completing the cell ...

Grant supports LSUHSC research on how like cell receptor systems determine very different functions

... are interested in how the generic ERK signaling pathway confers specific physiological outcomes such as ... 'scaffolding' molecules that assemble the pathway around growth factor receptors." The ... provide insight into how specific functions of a pathway might be targeted therapeutically while not ...

UCLA researchers discover new molecular pathway for targeting cancer, disease

... has identified a way to turn off a key signaling pathway involved in physiological processes that can also ... in an unregulated manner, however, the Hh pathway can also cause cancers of the brain, lung, blood, ... Blocking such unregulated stimulation of the Hh pathway had previously been shown in animal studies to ...

Building memories with actin

... had no effect. That doesn't mean the Rac-PAK pathway isn't involved in LTP, however. The team ... their effects at different points. The Rho-ROCK pathway initiates the cytoskeletal changes of LTP, and the Rac-PAK pathway solidifies them so that heightened synapse ...

MS study offers theory for why repair of brain's wiring fails

... "This is the first evidence implicating the Wnt pathway in multiple sclerosis," says lead author Stephen ... role, the researchers hyperactivated the Wnt pathway in the oligodendrocytes of mice, which caused a ... repair. Further analysis suggested that the Wnt pathway activation was creating a roadblock that ...

Fate in fly sensory organ precursor cells could explain human immune disorder

... that a new finding about the Notch signaling pathway in sensory organ precursor cells in the fruit fly ... the sensory organ progenitor cell uses the Notch pathway to specify the fate of two daughter cells called ... ligand Delta a protein that activates the Notch pathway cannot travel properly within the sensory organ ...

Researchers identify new risk factor gene for rheumatoid arthritis

... describing yet another gene in the CD40 signaling pathway that is involved in rheumatoid arthritis ... reinforces the possibility of targeting this pathway in selected patients with this debilitating ... Dr. Gregersen. "These findings are clear this pathway is involved but there is a lot of work to be ...

Jefferson receives $1.7 million grant to study stem cells in intervertebral discs of the spine

... of proteins that compromise the notch signaling pathway in the intervertebral discs are central to this ... lacks selected proteins of the notch signaling pathway in the intervertebral disc. This model will ... insights into the role of the notch signaling pathway in controlling disc cell activities. ...

Researchers engineer metabolic pathway in mice to prevent diet-induced obesity

... how they successfully constructed a non-native pathway in mice that increased fatty acid metabolism and ... the glyoxylate shunt cut the energy-generating pathway of the cell in half, allowing the cell to digest ... through this pathway, they created an additional pathway for converting fatty acid into carbon dioxide. ...

Liver disease 'shrunk' by blood-pressure drug

... In chronic liver disease a signalling pathway is created that instructs the liver myofibroblast to stay alive and proliferate. It is this pathway that then causes scar tissue to accumulate, ... believe that the drug blocks the signalling pathway so that the liver myofibroblasts die, removing ...

MSU discoveries upend traditional thinking about how plants make certain compounds

... paradigm about an important and widespread pathway in plants," Last explained. "For years it was ... a specific way. But there were cases where that pathway likely wasn't involved, given the kinds of ... on the plant's leaves and stems), the established pathway is wrong. In the tomato trichome, two enzymes ...

Why the thumb of the right hand is on the left hand side

... of an organism. A mutation in this signaling pathway induces dramatic and embryonically lethal ... central eye. Defects in the Hedgehog signaling pathway in humans are a cause for one of the most common ... genes are not new in evolution and the signaling pathway functions in the fly, mouse, fish and in humans ...

A paradigm shift in immune response regulation

... drug design to target the defective NF-κB pathway in diseases such as cancer, inflammation and ... Increased activation of the NF-κB pathway is known to be linked to development of different ... which blocks the activation of the NF-κB pathway in epidermal and immune cells. ...

When intestinal bacteria go surfing

... Research (HZI) have now identified the signal pathway that leads to the formation of this pedestal. "Prerequisite for this signal pathway is a special secretion system - a sort of ... to form pedestals for the bacteria." The signal pathway clarified by the Braunschweig researchers ...

Malaria immunity trigger found for multiple mosquito species

... have for the first time identified a molecular pathway that triggers an immune response in multiple ... gut. Rel 2 is activated by the immune deficiency pathway (Imd) which, in turn, is negatively regulated by ... gene known as cactus, which is part of another pathway called Toll, was shown to have similar effect in ...

Synthetic biology can help extend anti-malaria drug effectiveness

... and then bypassing the E. coli's metabolic pathway and engineering a new one based on the mevalonate pathway in yeast, they were able to induce the bacteria ... and his group first created a new metabolic pathway in the yeast, similar to the one created in E. ...

Tuning in on cellular communication in the fruit fly

... (Dev Biol. 2009 Feb 1; 326(1):36-46.) "The BMP pathway is very important for embryonic development, not ... a new component of that pathway." A cellular pathway is like a series of links in a chain that ... to prompt specific actions within a cell. The BMP pathway directs the development of many tissue types in ...

UT Southwestern researchers disrupt biochemical system involved in cancer, degenerative disease

... used to study and possibly manipulate a cellular pathway involved in many types of cancer and degenerative ... chemicals and their targets within this cellular pathway represents an important step in developing ... place. "The ability to attack this disease pathway at two distinct regulatory steps is an important ...

Nicotine activates more than just the brain's pleasure pathways

... dopamine pathway. This is the classic pleasure pathway in the brain, much studied by addiction experts. ... representation for nicotine." One taste pathway the Duke researchers uncovered involves nicotinic ... a second pathway, the peripheral Trpm5 protein pathway one that helps animals sense a bitter taste. ...

Researchers solve piece of large-scale gene silencing mystery

... Using RNA to fight RNA To determine the pathway regulating nucleolar dominance, Pikaard's team ... the key role of siRNA. First in the pathway is RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase 2 (RDR2), which ... The end result of this convergent, siRNA-mediated pathway is the large-scale silencing of hundreds of ...

GEN reports growing focus on PI3-kinase pathway in cancer research

... at the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) pathway as studies continue to demonstrate that ... Engineering & Biotechnology News ( GEN ). The pathway is involved in angiogenesis, cell growth, ... Company scientists say they are studying the pathway because there are a number of feedback loops that ...

Key link in how plants adapt to climate discovered by Stanford researchers

... mouth) is controlled by a specific signaling pathway that blocks activity of a single protein required ... well-known, environmentally-controlled signaling pathway to dictate the number of stomata a plant makes. ... provides a unique mechanism for the signaling pathway to control SPEECHLESS activity in a set of ...

Biomedical engineers' detective work reveals antibiotic mechanism

... of antibiotics all had this same underlying pathway that caused over-production of hydroxyl radical ... the trigger that set the radical-producing pathway snowballing. They made extensive maps of which ... that linked these pieces of evidence. The pathway begins with the antibiotic entering a bacterial ...

New molecular insight into vertebrate brain development

... colleagues reveal a role for the Hippo signaling pathway in the regulation of vertebrate neural ... various specialized cell types. The Hippo pathway is an ancient conserved signaling cascade that is ... the proportionality. The function of the HIPPO pathway also has implications for brain size evolution, ...

Case Western Reserve University uncovers genetic basis for some birth defects

... of Neurosciences, has uncovered a common genetic pathway for a number of birth defects that affect the ... the ERK2 gene is central to a well-known pathway already associated with a different distinct ... one copy of this gene suggest that ERK2 and its pathway members are essential for normal development and ...

New therapeutic target identified for rheumatoid arthritis

... scientists have known that the Notch signaling pathway regulates cell differentiation, proliferation, ... "Before this study, we knew that the Notch pathway was important in development and that the ... have been shown to interfere with the Notch pathway and thus could be used to treat rheumatoid ...

A new weapon in the fight against obesity and diabetes

... interest has increased in using the SIRT1 pathway as a target for possible pharmacological ... was specifically designed to activate the SIRT1 pathway and assess its role in the beneficial metabolic ... demonstrating that activating the SIRT1 pathway protects from diet-induced obesity and its ...

Apelin to rescue diabetics

... found that our cells are equipped with a second pathway for the assimilation of glucose. This discovery ... sugar assimilation by a completely different pathway from that mediated by insulin. Normally, this second pathway is only responsible for a small proportion of ...

New regulatory mechanism discovered for cell identify and behavior in forming organs

... roles here one controlling the cell expression pathway to tell cells what they are supposed to be, and the other controlling the pathway for cell movement, behavior and adhesion," said ... foregut and its organs." The Wnt signaling pathway is a complex network of proteins best known for ...

Growing fuel and medicine: Advancing biofuels and plant-produced therapeutics

... oxidase (GLOase), enzymes involved in the MI pathway to AsA. One of our current objectives is to study ... of two novel enzymes involved in the MI pathway to AsA and well as our efforts in investigating ... to them. A clear understanding of this signaling pathway might allow us to disrupt microbial communication ...

Study may explain exercise-induced fatigue in muscular dystrophies

... Oct. 26, identifies a faulty signaling pathway that appears to cause exercise-induced fatigue in ... The findings suggest that targeting the signaling pathway may lead to therapies for this type of fatigue. ... after mild exercise. "The signaling pathway probably maintains blood flow into the muscle ...

Columbia to award 2008 Horwitz Prize to Arthur Horwich & Ulrich Hartl for cellular protein folding

... complementary work, they also established the pathway and molecular mechanisms involved in this ... demonstrated that when the protein folding pathway is imperfect, protein can accumulate in cells, ... on the role of shape in human biology; and as the pathway has been replicated in bacteria, fungi, plants, ...

New way to make malaria medicine also first step in finding new antibiotics

... Metcalf, knowing the genes and understanding the pathway that bacteria use to make this antimalarial means ... pathway. For example, FR900098 inhibits the pathway that creates isoprenoids, building blocks for ... cause malaria were discovered by others to have a pathway that FR900098 could disrupt, researchers saw a ...

Breast cancer treatment resistance linked to signaling pathway

... PHILADELPHIA -- Activation of the Src signaling pathway may cause resistance to standard medical ... with breast cancer, and inhibition of this pathway holds the potential to overcome that resistance, ... resistance. Understanding which parts of the pathway to measure in human tumors is key to developing ...

Study reveals how viruses collectively decide the fate of a bacterial cell

... determines whether a virus initially chooses the pathway that kills the host cell called the lytic pathway or the pathway where it remains dormant inside the host cell ...

2 beta blockers found to also protect heart tissue

... DURHAM, N.C. A newly discovered chemical pathway that helps protect heart tissue can be stimulated ... -- alprenolol and carvedilol -- could stimulate a pathway recently found to protect heart tissue. This ... stimulate the beta receptor to activate a pathway in the cell that promotes cell survival. We have ...

Computational biochemist uncovers a molecular clue to evolution

... with IMPDH, we determined that there was a second pathway that also was used to cause these chemical transformations. The second pathway didn't operate as efficiently as the first one, ... Yang and his colleagues believe that the slower pathway is an evolutionary vestige left over from an ...

Scientists uncover Ebola cell-invasion strategy

... reactions called the phophoinositide-3 kinase pathway (named for an enzyme found in the cell membrane). ... reproduce itself. However, if the PI3 kinase pathway is shut down as the UTMB team did with a drug ... to be discovered interacting with the PI3 kinase pathway in order to enter cells, which could have ...