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Molecular biology fills gaps in knowledge of bat evolution
... DNA sequencing, analyzed data from portions of 17 nuclear genes from representatives of all bat families. Their results support the hypothesis that the group of large fruit-eating bats from the tropics, that fly mostly during the day - known to biologists as megabats - emerged from four major lineages of s...Cytoplasm affects the number of vertebrae in carp-goldfish clones
...plasm of goldfish, were virtually identical to the nuclear donor species, Cyprinus carpio, in appearance and in most physical traits. The number of vertebrae in the clones, however, was in the range of the recipient species, Carassius auratus. Yong-Hua Sun, Shang-Ping Chen, Ya-Ping Wang, Wei Hu, and Zuo-Ya...Novel Enzyme Shows Potential As An Anti-HIV Target
...ymes caused Tat acetylation, only one, SIRT1, is a nuclear enzyme, like Tat, suggesting that SIRT1 might work similarly in living cells. Ott and colleagues went on to show that transcription via Tat occurs in the presence of SIRT1, but not when SIRT1’s catalytic center is removed. Experiments using cells ta...Mitochondrial DNA mutations play significant role in prostate cancer
...s(PNAS). Mitochondrial DNA, which is separate from nuclear DNA, is foundin the hundreds of mitochondria located in the cytoplasm outside ofeach cell's nucleus. The mitochondria often are called the "powerhouse"of the cell because they produce about 90 percent of the body's energy.John A. Petros, MD, associat...Spider Venom Could Yield Eco-Friendly Insecticides
...he University of Connecticut Health Center. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, King and his colleagues have determined the three-dimensional structures of specific neurotoxins from the funnel-web spider -- toxins that either paralyze insects or send their nervous systems into overdrive. Ki...Scientists document complex genomic events leading to the birth of new genes
...RanBP2. RanBP2 is the largest protein found at the nuclear pore complex, helping to regulate nucleic acid and...trast to RanBP2, which is found exclusively at the nuclear envelope, this RGP-family protein was detected in discrete cytoplasmic locations, thereby confirming...Nano-Probes Allow an Inside Look at Cell Nuclei
...els. This could give biologists a ringside seat to nuclear processes that span several hours or days, such as... there," says Chen. First, they had to breach the nuclear membrane, which has pores that are only about 20 nanometers wide. To fit through these tiny slits, C...Opposing fat metabolism pathways triggered by a single gene
... Central players in the regulatory network are the nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs), which are transcription ...ology, Keith Yamamoto and colleagues show that the nuclear hormone receptor nhr-49 controls two different aspects of fat metabolism, which interact to form a f...Use of PET can reduce, may eliminate more strenuous drug development trials with animals
...d Uwe Haberkorn, M.D., both with the department of nuclear medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Ge...d Jin-Young Paik, M.S., all with the department of nuclear medicine, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea; Takashi...Epstein-Barr virus protein crucial to its role in blood cancers
...ence of this viral protein ?called EBNA3C (for EBV nuclear antigen) ?the cell cycle of the usually quiescent human B cells gets a jump start, which ultimately initiates uncontrolled growth. EBV, a member of the herpesvirus family and one of the most common human viruses, plays a role in cancers such as lymp...Defensins neutralize anthrax toxin
...ence of this viral protein ?called EBNA3C (for EBV nuclear antigen) ?the cell cycle of the usually quiescent human B cells gets a jump start, which ultimately initiates uncontrolled growth. EBV, a member of the herpesvirus family and one of the most common human viruses, plays a role in cancers such as lymp......ensis--of key interest to DOE for its potential in nuclear and heavy metal waste remediation--were considered as hypothetical. This work identified 538 of these genes that expressed functional proteins and messenger RNA, accounting for a third of the hypothetical genes. They enlisted analytic software to sco...Transgenic plants remove more selenium from polluted soil than wild plants, new tests show
...s -- such as modifying chloroplast DNA rather than nuclear DNA -- will eventually reduce the need for such constant monitoring. Since chloroplast DNA is maternally inherited, there is little risk of pollen transfer, said Terry. Terry said it's worth pursuing methods of improving phytoremediation because the...50-year-old Mystery Solved: Protein Tags Regulate Key Ion Channel
...ess called sumoylation, previously associated with nuclear proteins, is active and essential outside the nucl...ntil now its 60-or-so known targets were primarily nuclear proteins, mostly involved in gene transcription. "The findings expand the influence of SUMO-related ...Researchers rein in regulatory RNAs
...tudy implies that some classes of poly(A)-negative nuclear RNA may have important biological functions." Among these functions may be the regulation of gene expression on a domain level, such as that which has been documented for several imprinted loci. Antisense transcripts have been shown to alter the met...Nanoparticles offer new hope for detection and treatment
...make these particles so that they can be seen with nuclear imaging, CT scanning and ultrasound imaging," Lanza says. In addition, the particles can be loaded with a wide variety of drugs that will then be directed to growing tumors. "When drug-bearing nanoparticles also contain an imaging agent, you can get...PET/CT can identify new cancer lesions at early stage, allowing for prompt treatment
...said SNM member Richard L. Wahl, M.D., director of nuclear medicine/PET at the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science. PET/CT scans from nearly 2,000 cancer patients over a two-year period were evaluated retrospectively, explained Wahl, who was one of the first in the world and th...Biochemists report discovery of structure of major piece of telomerase; implications for cancer
...ermined the structure with Theimer and Blois using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Mutations in the RNA are associated with the inherited diseases aplastic anemia and dyskeratosis congenita, which frequently are manifested by progressive bone-marrow failure. "When you look at the sequence on...Measuring Enzymes At End Of Cancer Pathway Predicts Outcome Of Tarceva, Taxol
... interfere with assembly of the spindle that pulls nuclear chromosomes apart during cell division, Ueno and his colleagues have recently reported that increased activity of CDK1 correlated with a cell's sensitivity to Taxol. The CDK enzyme plays a role in cell division, and researchers believe that it funct...Study uncovers bacteria's worst enemy
...eria to remediate environmental contamination from nuclear waste and processing activities may depend more up...nuclides. In fact, the bacteria's worst enemy in a nuclear waste site may not be the radioactive elements, but rather, the other toxic metals that might also b...Secret of smallpox's success may lead to bioterror cure
...cans against chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear attack. The idea for the vaccine comes from Jacobs and his team's discovery of a gene that gives pox viruses uncanny ability to camouflage themselves from mammalian immune systems. The ability to stay hidden allows the smallpox virus, in particular,...Cellular Defects in Premature Aging Disease are Reversible
...rinkled and misshapen. In addition, numerous other nuclear proteins show reduced expression. "Our NCI team a...tural ellipsoid shape, and the expression of other nuclear proteins was also restored to normal levels. "It's amazing that we could take a cell that looked ab...Scientists generate patient-specific stem cells, Science study says
...stem cell lines specifically tailored to match the nuclear DNA of patients, both males and females of various...ic stem cell lines was created by transferring the nuclear genetic material from a non-reproductive cell of a patient into a donated egg, or "oocyte," whose nu...SuperLigands - a database of ligand structures derived from the Protein Data Bank
...stem cell lines specifically tailored to match the nuclear DNA of patients, both males and females of various...ic stem cell lines was created by transferring the nuclear genetic material from a non-reproductive cell of a patient into a donated egg, or "oocyte," whose nu...Researchers reveal secret of key protein in brain and heart function
...s to NMDA receptors. The team used high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to solve the structure of PDZ1, as well as a small portion of the receptor to which it binds. Mierke said the group is now developing a molecule that can inhibit PDZ1 as well as PDZ2, the first boxcar on the multi-dom...By creating molecular bridge, scientists change function of a protein
...e function of the human estrogen receptor alpha, a nuclear hormone receptor mostly expressed in the prostate, ovary and urinary tract. What they did was modify the estrogen receptor in a step-wise fashion, Zhao said. They used testosterone and progesterone to build the bridge. The receptor was gradually alt...Researchers extend mouse lifespan by protecting against free radicals
...itochondria also had fewer mutations, and the MCAT nuclear DNA had fewer oxidized components. "This study is very supportive of the free-radical theory of aging," said Rabinovitch. "It shows the significance of free radicals, and of reactive oxygen species in particular, in the aging process." This study a...Researchers discover mechanism for multiplying adult stem cells
...e cells to be reprogrammed when used as donors for nuclear transplantation. If so, it may help scientists more efficiently "customize" embryonic stem cells that could be used to treat diseases such as diabetes or Parkinson's. ...Scientists succeed in cloning human embryos from eggs matured in the lab
... MII oocytes. From each of these, they removed the nuclear apparatus, which contained the chromosomes that he... another person ?a process known as non-autologous nuclear transfer. After time for nuclear re-programming the oocytes were artificially activated by incubatio...Invitrogen Launches i-Path -- A Unique Systems Biology Platform at BIO 2005
... MII oocytes. From each of these, they removed the nuclear apparatus, which contained the chromosomes that he... another person ?a process known as non-autologous nuclear transfer. After time for nuclear re-programming the oocytes were artificially activated by incubatio...Anthrax inhibitors identified by Burnham team
...ch based on assays conducted with highly sensitive nuclear magnetic resonance ("NMR") techniques developed in Dr. Pellecchia's laboratory, the scientists were able to identify a scaffold that served as a template for designing a preferred structure for small-molecule inhibitors of LF. Lead compounds were syn...Human embryonic stem cells have the potential to develop into eggs and sperm in the laboratory
...ould also be used for therapeutic cloning (somatic nuclear replacement) circumventing the need for eggs from patients who donate them, as this is a major limitation of this technique at the moment. We would then have completed the circle of making HESCs from eggs that came from HESCs ?what came first the chi...Study shows how retinoic acid enters a cell's nucleus
...cids are organized in a certain sequence, called a nuclear localization signal (NLS). However, CRABP-II does not have a recognizable NLS. Researchers have long wondered how proteins without an NLS enter a cell's nucleus. By comparing the 3-D structures of the CRABP-II protein before and after it comes in co...Sandia completes depleted uranium study
...t of the process used to enrich uranium for use in nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons. During the enrichment process, the fraction of one type of uranium (uranium-235) is increas...Researchers devise new technique for creating human stem cells
...proach could become an alternative to somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), a method that is currently used t...e an embryonic stem cell from a somatic cell is by nuclear transfer into oocytes. Taking advantage of this current capability -- such as colleagues in South Ko...MSU researchers receive $4 million grant to uncover gene functions
...ists will determine the functions of roughly 4,400 nuclear genes from the Arabidopsis plant. Arabidopsis is a flowering plant whose entire 29,000 gene sequence is known. Scientists will focus on the genes which encode the chloroplast-targeted proteins that trigger photosynthesis. Understanding how these ge...Physical and functional interaction of key cell growth molecules linked to cancer
...lignant biology of tumor cells with high levels of nuclear EGFR and STAT3." This research may open new avenues for designing anticancer therapies against EGFR, STAT3, and iNOS/NO. ...MERIS monitoring tracks planetary photosynthesis levels
...ve on vegetation growth. Forget fossil fuels and nuclear plants: on a global scale solar power is the dominant source of energy. Across land and sea, our world's plant life uses the process called photosynthesis to convert incoming sunlight into chemical energy, along the way producing all the oxygen we br...AACR Favors 'full spectrum of stem cell research biology'
...position supports the "ethical use of somatic cell nuclear transfer," noting that the technique, "promises to reveal the role of specific genetic alterations in tumorigenesis and further refine evaluations of drug activity, as well as generate immune-compatible material for transplant therapies." The primar...Unweaving amyloid fibers to solve prion puzzles
... image proteins, such as X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, don't work with fibrous structures such as amyloids. And scientists depend on these high resolution images of molecules in order to study their function. Now, researchers have found a way to work around these limitations,...Molecular trigger for Huntington's disease found
...n HD," concluded Sawa and colleagues. "As p53 is a nuclear transcription factor that regulates various mitochondrial genes and insofar as mitochondrial dysfunction appears important in HD, our findings provide a molecular mechanism linking disturbances of nuclei and mitochondria in HD." Byoung-Il Bae, Shuic...New tooth enamel dating technique could help identify disaster victims
Remnants of above-ground nuclear testing provide a way to determine age at time of ...The radioactive carbon-14 produced by above-ground nuclear testing in the 1950s and 1960s is providing forensic scientists with a more precise way to determine...Scientists find a maturity gene in fly
...and are linked to maturation. "So concluding that nuclear receptors are critical for the timing of onset of maturation [in flies] is a logical conclusion we could extend to humans," Thummel says. Thummel and colleagues raised fruit flies in vials containing a gelatinous food made of agar, cornmeal, molasse...MWG Biotech expands siMAX?siRNA portfolio with new scales, lengths and design tools
...and are linked to maturation. "So concluding that nuclear receptors are critical for the timing of onset of maturation [in flies] is a logical conclusion we could extend to humans," Thummel says. Thummel and colleagues raised fruit flies in vials containing a gelatinous food made of agar, cornmeal, molasse...MSKCC researchers uncover structure of key protein complex in cells
...protein complex they have observed is assembled at nuclear pore complexes, portals that connect the nucleus with the cytoplasm beyond. These conduits permit the transfer of information both to and from the nucleus, and are vital to proper cell function. "The next step in this research is to probe the import...Yale scientists identify structure for RNA quality control
...mal RNAs (rRNAs), transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and small nuclear and cytoplasmic regulatory RNAs. This work describ...mal RNAs (rRNAs), transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and small nuclear and cytoplasmic regulatory RNAs. This work describes a molecular mechanism of RNA quality control. ...Rutgers to lead $52.7 million protein research program
...ctures, using methods of X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, with the full PSI producing between 4,000 and 5,000 over the next five years. "These structures will have tremendous value in understanding basic biology, and in developing the next generation of diagnostics and...... that are flexible and changing." The team used a nuclear magnetic resonance, or NMR, which allows scientists to observe how the atoms of a molecule behave inside a magnetic field. The Graves team found that unstructured regions of the Ets-1 protein were affecting the structured regions in the work of contr...Researchers find Amchitka seafood safe for now
...ss radionuclides in that marine environment. Three nuclear test shots were set off under Amchitka by the U.S....lower now than they were immediately following the nuclear test shots. These biological analyses may now form a baseline for future testing of biota. The cons...Smoking damages key regulatory enzyme in the lung
...e played such an important role in introducing new nuclear medicine procedures into the practice of health care." "Comparison of Monoamine Oxidase A in Peripheral Organs in Nonsmokers and Smokers" appears in the September issue of the Journal of Nuclear Medicine, which is published by the Society of Nuclear...New discovery: If it weren't for this enzyme, decomposing pesticide would take millennia
...f plutonium-239, the hazardous isotope produced in nuclear power plants, he said. The bacteria Pseudomonas pavonaceae have evolved in the soil in which the potato pesticide 1, 3-dichloropropene is used and can grow on it as their only source of carbon and energy, the scientist said. The enzyme responsible f...Chernobyl: The true scale of the accident
...ually die of radiation exposure from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (NPP) accident nearly 20 years ago, an...xperts, assesses the 20-year impact of the largest nuclear accident in history. The Forum is made up of 8 UN specialized agencies, including the International......n, which can slip into the plant's cells and their nuclear DNA, causing a cancer-like disease called crown gall. The cells of the crown gall tumor synthesize compounds called opines, which serve as food for the bacterial invaders. The discovery may lead to a cure for crown gall disease, which takes a large...Embryonic stem cells accrue genetic changes
...t at all. In addition to probing changes in the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences and copy numbers, the researchers examined whether the cells' genetic material had shifts in marks that sit on genes and are passed from cell to cell during cell division. These so-called epigenetic marks -- in this ca...Mechanism for Epstein-Barr virus protein's role in blood cancers discovered
...und that the viral protein--called EBNA3C (for EBV nuclear antigen)--mediates the degradation of the retinoblastoma protein, an important molecular brake for cell proliferation. Erle S. Robertson, PhD, an Associate Professor of Microbiology who leads the Tumor Virology Program at Penn's Abramson Cancer Cent...Researchers offer proof-of-concept for Altered Nuclear Transfer
...e, at least in mice. The theory, called altered nuclear transfer (ANT), proposes that researchers first cr...irst proof-of-principle study to show that altered nuclear transfer not only works but is extremely efficient." First proposed by William Hurlbut, Stanford Un...Anti-cancer drugs may hold promise for premature aging disorder
... for cancer, are capable of reversing the dramatic nuclear structure abnormalities that are the hallmark of c...ld-like network of proteins just inside the cell's nuclear membrane, called the lamina. The gene mutation implicated in progeria causes a section of 50 amino a...Seaweed yields new compounds with pharmaceutical potential
...graphy (work done at Emory University in Atlanta), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectral analyses to determine how carbon, oxygen, bromine and hydrogen atoms connected to make up the molecular structures of the 10 new natural products. Much research is left to do before any of these com...New view of cancer: 'Epigenetic' changes come before mutations
...ising from a series of alterations within a cell's nuclear DNA may have to give way to a more complicated view. In the January issue of Nature Reviews Genetics, available online Dec. 21, he and his colleagues suggest that cancers instead begin with "epigenetic" alterations to stem cells. "We're not contrad......uences, but also encompassing information from the nuclear genome. Analyzing organellar DNA from mitochondri...ionary relationship to the African elephant, whose nuclear DNA sequence has been made publicly available by the Broad Institute in Cambridge, Massachusetts (US...Other ContentsaspirinaspirinaspirinaspirinchildrenchildrenchildrenchildrenchildrenchildrenchildrenchildrenchildrenastigmatismastigmatismasymptomaticasymptomaticasymptomaticasymptomaticataxiaataxiaataxiaatelectasisOther TagsinfluencesCampusWSUWSUBarrBarrBarrBarrenhancesareaareaareazonezonezoneproduceproduceproducedeviseOther Tagsdebates 2prolong 2prolong 3prolong 4pig 2pig 3yields 2yields 3saliva 2saliva 3saliva 4saliva 5harmless 2harmless 3harmless 4harmless 5decisions 2decisions 3decisions 4decisions 5potent 2potent 3potent 4potent 5potent 6potent 7potent 8safer 2safer 3sperm 2sperm 3sperm 4sperm 5
(Date:8/20/2008)...e supposed to protect people from heart attacks. B... as biological security. , Earlier this year, a t...l demonstrated how a commercial radio transmitter ...om a pacemaker ( New Scientist, 22 March, p 23). ...adjust the implanted device, but a malicious hacke...
(Date:8/20/2008)...r Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) is proud to a...e Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) into rese...ion, treatment and prevention of mental illness an...This funding from the Large-Scale Institutional En... will allow CAMH to leverage our scientific streng...
(Date:8/20/2008)..., Ohio -- Researchers here have found a way to con... efficiently. , A new catalyst makes hydrogen fr...mperature, and using inexpensive ingredients. , ... engineering at Ohio State University, said that t... being developed around the world, because it does...
(Date:8/19/2008)...g isnt just for livening up boring bran flakes; it... Researchers at the National Institute of Standard...xpensive and effective method for evaluating the s...otein-drugs for storage at room temperature. The g...an Chemical Society National Meeting and Expositio...
Breaking Biology News(10 mins):How to stop a new type of heart attack 2Large-scale investment catapults CAMH's mental illness and addiction research forward 2A better way to make hydrogen from biofuels 2A better way to make hydrogen from biofuels 3Candy-coating keeps proteins sweet 2UC scientists awarded 241 7 million for low back pain research 10379 1UC scientists awarded 241 7 million for low back pain research 10379 2AdvaMed Supports Increased Funding for FDA 10377 1AdvaMed Supports Increased Funding for FDA 10377 2Bright Options for Medicare Beneficiaries in Louisiana 10375 1Bright Options for Medicare Beneficiaries in Louisiana 10375 2A Safe Bet for Medicare Beneficiaries in the Southeast 10373 1A Safe Bet for Medicare Beneficiaries in the Southeast 10373 2(Date:8/20/2008)...ire/ -- Questex Media Group, Inc., a,global, diver...r of,American Spa and American Salon magazines, Me...ws, the International Esthetics, Cosmetics & Spa,C...ts today announced the,acquisition of SpaTrade, wh...ww.SpaTrade.com ) and SpaExec ( http://www.SpaEx...
(Date:8/20/2008)...ble at http://www.TCSHealthcare.com , AUBURN, Ca...d today,documents current trends in how health car...technology (HIT) systems to support care managemen...need for many HIT,applications to offer more funct...optimize clinical and financial outcomes for patie...
(Date:8/20/2008)...in teen, adult females, but not in men, study find...) -- Alcoholism is associated with delayed childbe... women,s and men,s lifetime history of alcohol dep...ild. , The researchers analyzed data from two ...(3,634 female and 1,880 male twins) and between 1...
(Date:8/20/2008)...igh Quality Care as State Approves Only,Program in...ire/ -- Patients who suffer from,severe liver dise...e to,seek that highly specialized surgery and crit...h of the Bronx. Area patients and their families n...without having to travel,long distances, as a resu...
Breaking Medicine News(10 mins):Health News:Questex Acquires Leading Spa Industry Portal and Spa Executive Business Networking Site and Events 2Health News:Questex Acquires Leading Spa Industry Portal and Spa Executive Business Networking Site and Events 3Health News:New Health IT Survey for Care Management Services Shows Opportunities for Integration, Standardization and Innovation 2Health News:New Health IT Survey for Care Management Services Shows Opportunities for Integration, Standardization and Innovation 3Health News:Women's Alcohol Use Tied to Delayed Childbearing 2Health News:Liver Transplant Program Established At Montefiore 2Health News:Liver Transplant Program Established At Montefiore 3Health News:Liver Transplant Program Established At Montefiore 4[0] Questex Acquires Leading Spa Industry Portal and Spa Executive Business Networking Site and Events[0] New Health IT Survey for Care Management Services Shows Opportunities for Integration, Standardization and Innovation[0] Women's Alcohol Use Tied to Delayed Childbearing[0] Liver Transplant Program Established At Montefiore
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