nodes

Adding Radiation Therapy To Chemotherapy Improves Survival In Patients With High-risk Breast Cancer

...regional radiation therapy (radiation to the lymph nodes and chest wall) to a course of chemotherapy after radical mastectomy in premenopausal women with lymph node–positive breast cancer. Between 1979 and 1986, 318 patients were randomly assigned to receive no radiation therapy or to receive radiation. A ...

Novel Asthma Study Shows Multiple Genetic Input Required; Single-gene Solution Shot Down

...regional radiation therapy (radiation to the lymph nodes and chest wall) to a course of chemotherapy after radical mastectomy in premenopausal women with lymph node–positive breast cancer. Between 1979 and 1986, 318 patients were randomly assigned to receive no radiation therapy or to receive radiation. A ...

Imaging Lymph Nodes with Nanoparticles

...spread. Currentmethods include surgical removal of nodes for examination and varioustypes of imaging, ranging from ultrasound to newer technologies such asmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All these methods have problems; someare very invasive, others are very time consuming, and none arecompletely reliabl...

Potential Cure for Lymphoma in HIV patients

...rs: either the cancer had spread to multiple lymph nodes or thepatient had bulky disease (indicated by a cancerous mass greater than 5?10 cm).Reversible abnormalities in liver function, a side effect of theintensive treatment, were experienced in a majority of the patients.One patient, the oldest in the st...

Breast Cancer May Be 'Uniquely Sensitive' To Inhibitors Of PI3K Pathway

... Mills. “But Iand others believe there are central nodes between these intersectingcircles that can be effectively targeted with drugs.?Only one PI3K pathway inhibitor is in use to date, but others areincreasingly being developed and tested, says Mills, who is discussingthe importance of this pathway at th...

Genetic Variation Visualization - From EMBL

... Mills. “But Iand others believe there are central nodes between these intersectingcircles that can be effectively targeted with drugs.?Only one PI3K pathway inhibitor is in use to date, but others areincreasingly being developed and tested, says Mills, who is discussingthe importance of this pathway at th...

New Mixing Method for Microchip-Sized Labs

... Mills. “But Iand others believe there are central nodes between these intersectingcircles that can be effectively targeted with drugs.?Only one PI3K pathway inhibitor is in use to date, but others areincreasingly being developed and tested, says Mills, who is discussingthe importance of this pathway at th...

Scientists identify new model Of NK cell development

...d noted other work showing that mice lacking lymph nodes also lacked NK cells. In addition, in earlier rese...ight subset appeared much more frequently in lymph nodes than in bone marrow or circulating blood. In other words, they had a hunch traditional thinking abo...

A little stress gives beneficial oomph! to immune system

... stations ?primarily the skin along with the lymph nodes that drain the skin. "Most immune challenges or wounds involve on the skin or other epithelial linings of the body," Dhabhar said. "If nothing happens immunologically following stress ?the skin isn't cut or wounded in some other way ?activated leuko...

Internet viruses help ecologists control invasive species

...rk theory, they built up a picture of the lakes as nodes in a network connected by human traffic, including boat trailers and anglers. Like internet viruses, which spread fastest when they attack the most widely-used email programmes, Muirhead and MacIsaac examined patterns of human vector movement to see ...

Natural Killers Could Lead to New Hepatitis Treatments

...n. By contrast, he said, immune cells in the lymph nodes and spleen perform their surveillance ensconced within specialized compartments shielded from the turmoil of the bloodstream. “In this case, it looks like NKT cells are doing their surveillance from within the vessels,?he said. The observations reve...

Compound might defeat African sleeping sickness, clinical trial beginning this month

...uman by tsetse fly bites. It produces fever, lymph nodes inflammation, eventual impairment of the brain and nervous system in its late stage and, if not treated, death. The World Health Organization has estimated that more then 300,000 people are infected, and more than 60 million living in the region are ...

Discovery of T-cell 'traffic control' boosts new drug promise

...he trafficking of T cells through the blood, lymph nodes and on to tissues to fight infection -- a crucial ...They slow the flood of T cells "called into" lymph nodes by chemokines. The scientists made a second discovery about T cell movement: S1P, like chemokines, ...

Magnetic probe successfully tracks implanted cells in cancer patients

...accurately guide injection of the cells into lymph nodes in half of the patients," says Bulte, an author on...ed to be is to inject them directly into the lymph nodes that drain the area containing a tumor. Currently, doctors use ultrasound to guide the needle, and d...

PET imaging reveals the immune system at work

...distance from the tumor, spring into action. Lymph nodes are a critical part of the immune system, helping to recruit key disease-fighting immune cells. "This lets us see not only how but where" the body is responding to disease, Witte explained. "The immune system resides throughout the body, and it is n...

Jefferson biologist coaxing human embryonic stem cells to make dopamine with simpler, faster method

...distance from the tumor, spring into action. Lymph nodes are a critical part of the immune system, helping to recruit key disease-fighting immune cells. "This lets us see not only how but where" the body is responding to disease, Witte explained. "The immune system resides throughout the body, and it is n...

New evidence supports century-old theory of cancer spread

...ophages, including the ability to migrate to lymph nodes and distant organs and to form a new blood supply. Our data indicate that they do this by hybridizing with macrophages," said lead author John Pawelek, research affiliate in the Department of Dermatology at Yale School of Medicine and a member of Yal...

Scientists directly view immune cells interacting to avert autoimmunity

...ct the therapeutic regulatory T cells to the lymph nodes so they interact with dendritic cells before the autoimmune T cells are able to, and thereby "stamp out the initial sparks" before the disease spreads to the tissue. Krummel notes that the research dispels some assumptions about cellular movement ...

Source of crucial immune cell in the skin discovered

... these cells to transport the antigen to the lymph nodes to trigger an immune response against the tumor." Once Langerhans cells transport an antigen, they need to be replaced to maintain the tight network in the skin. Dr. Merad and colleagues at Mount Sinai School of Medicine recently discovered that whe...

New evidence questions the simple link between prion proteins and madcow disease

...t tissues to accumulate infectivity would be lymph nodes in the throat or the tonsils. But we don't tend to see this in animals, and have no reason to believe it would be different in humans," comments Jeffrey. ...

Simple idea to dramatically improve dengue vaccinations

...aking advantage of the relative isolation of lymph nodes throughout the body. Each person has hundreds of lymph nodes. Deem believes vaccinations at four different sites, served by four different lymph nodes, could allow the body to simultaneously develop immune responses against all four versions of Dengu...

Malaria parasites develop in lymph nodes

...lymph nodes. The parasites' presence in the lymph nodes almost certainly has implications for the mammalia...drained by lymphatic vessels and ended up in lymph nodes close to the site of the bite. Their journey seemed to stop there, as the malaria parasites almost n...

Manipulating single cell receptor alters animal behavior

...and the intracellular events that occur at various nodes within the circuits pathways. In addition to the publication of this study in Endocrinology, his work has been published in journals such as the Journal of Neuroscience, Brain Research, Hormones and Behavior, Neuroscience Letters, Peptides, Physiol...

Front-line immune cells mature in four stages, study shows

...zed tissues from more than 50 tonsils and 30 lymph nodes from the OSUCCC Tissue Procurement Shared Resource...ecisely where they mature within tonsils and lymph nodes and whether they play a role in immune responses or are just going through the maturation process. ...

Chemical guidance of T cells leads to immunologic memory and long-term immunity

...croscope to document what happens inside the lymph nodes of a living mouse shortly after a vaccination. The...erstanding how CD8+ T cells move through the lymph nodes and become activated. Once active, CD8+ T cells roam throughout the body destroying cells infected w...

Georgia Tech accelerates drug discovery with new IBM supercomputing cluster

... cluster of 1,000 AMD Opteron processor-based LS20 nodes for IBM BladeCenter systems (total of 4,000 core p...ors) running Red Hat Linux 4 on the infrastructure nodes and Scientific Linux on the compute nodes. The supercomputer forms the basis of the IBM Cluster 1350...

Scientists discover a new disease-causing bacterium in an immune-compromised patient

...the new bacterium from the patient's swollen lymph nodes and demonstrated its pathogenesis. "Our first concern was to determine whether this organism was truly associated with his clinical syndrome," the team wrote. Despite ineffective neutrophil immune cells, the patient's immune system still tagged ...

Soil-bound prions that cause CWD remain infectious

...the new bacterium from the patient's swollen lymph nodes and demonstrated its pathogenesis. "Our first concern was to determine whether this organism was truly associated with his clinical syndrome," the team wrote. Despite ineffective neutrophil immune cells, the patient's immune system still tagged ...

Avian flu modeled on supercomputer, explores vaccine and isolation options for thwarting a pandemic

...le-system image Linux cluster in the world. Pink's nodes have dual 2.4 GHz Intel Xeon processors (Pentium 4) with 2 gigabytes of memory per node. The purchase of the Science Appliance was funded by the National Nuclear Security Administration's Advanced Simulation and Computing program. Pink is currently a...

APS lecturer shows rare video of 'teacher-student' immune cell interactions in live animal

...king, particularly in the lymph nodes." The lymph nodes are the school, the dendritic cells the teachers and the T cells the students, von Andrian explained. Dendritic cells find foreign invaders, rip them apart and bring the pieces (antigens) via the lymphatic system to the nearest lymph node. When the d...

UC Davis researchers move biotechnology closer to replacing electronic pacemakers

...hers used radiofrequency ablation to remove the SA nodes in pigs' hearts. This is the same minimally invasi...sfer, the pigs' hearts had generated bioartificial nodes at the injection sites. Li explained that, through gene expression, normal muscle cells of the heart...

First-ever genomic test predicts which lung cancer patients need chemotherapy to live

... the patient's tumor, whether it has invaded lymph nodes and whether it has spread to other organs. They use this staging method to prescribe the best treatment options. But staging parameters are general, at best, and do not accurately define who should receive chemotherapy, Nevins said. "Instead of pl...

Tumor wizardry wards off attacks from the immune system

... T-reg cells in both the blood stream and in lymph nodes leading from the tumors. When the research team blocked a signaling molecule that pancreatic tumors secrete in abundance, T-reg cells were no longer present in the tumor-draining lymph nodes, suggesting that this signaling molecule, referred to as ...

HIV exploits competition among T-cells

...roach capitalizes on the fact that different lymph nodes ?the sites where T cells compete to be chosen as the winners against a particular disease ?act as collection points for different parts of the body. Moreover, because it takes 4-5 days for T cells produced in a lymph node to begin to leave it, the po...

Spelling out cancer on the nanoscale

...s of MYC, BCL2, ERK, and AKT proteins in the lymph nodes obtained from patients with Burkitt’s, mantle cell, or follicular lymphoma. The nano-fluidic system reported that MYC was overexpressed in Burkitt’s, while BCL2 was overexpressed in mantle cell and follicular lymphoma patients. In parallel, tradition...

Novel mechanism of action of new drug for MS identified

...ing the egress of white blood cells from the lymph nodes into the blood. The article was pre-published as a First Edition Paper in Blood, The Journal of the American Society of Hematology, which appeared online on Sept. 28. In this study, the research team observed that FTY720 also inhibited the activity...

Novel vaccine shows promise against early-stage breast cancer

...eceived four weekly vaccinations into normal lymph nodes in their groins and were evaluated both pre- and post-vaccination for immune response, level of HER-2/neu expression, and cell infiltrates. The researchers found that most patients responded well to the vaccination. Nearly all patients (11 of 12) ...

Radiation after surgery doubles survival time for some lung cancer patients

...h lung cancer that has spread to mediastinal lymph nodes ?located between the chest, breastbone and spine ?...l cell lung cancer with involved mediastinal lymph nodes in addition to chemotherapy. The data observed in this study, however, needs to be confirmed in a pr...

Ring-around-the-cell

...just seals. They appear to act as highly connected nodes of communication between the inside and outside of the cell, enabling the cell to adjust its activity according to the condition of the bone underneath." ...

Short chromosomes put cancer cells in forced rest

...closer look showed microtumors in the mice’s lymph nodes that had begun the road to cancer, but stopped, falling instead into a state of senescence. "They don’t die, they don’t divide, they just sit there in permanent rest," says Greider. Greider, who won the Lasker Award in 2006 for her discovery of t...

Lab research may one day lead to cancer treatment using patient's own immune cells

...dentifying and harvesting T cells within the lymph nodes of patients, activating these T cells and growing them in culture in the laboratory over one to two weeks. The T cells are activated with molecular agents called interleukin-2 and anti-CD3 antibody (OKT3). It is hoped that results from this rese...

Napoleon's mysterious death unmasked, UT Southwestern researcher says

...accounts indicate that the cancer was large, lymph nodes were present around the stomach and there were no tumors in other organs. Only 20 percent of patients with Stage IIIA gastric cancer survive five years if treated with modern surgery and chemotherapy. But what might have caused Napoleon's cancer? ...

Why doesn't the immune system attack the small intestine?

...says Turley. "Because the cells are found in lymph nodes throughout the body, they may offer a way of suppressing a variety of autoimmune diseases," which result from immune system assault on healthy tissue. The immune system distinguishes between normal and foreign agents by small proteins, called antig...

Molecular differences between early and advanced melanomas could provide new drug targets

...to 64 percent if the disease has reached the lymph nodes and 16 percent if it has spread to other organs. The discovery of Akt's significant role in the progression of melanomas was made by scientists in the Department of Dermatology at Emory University School of Medicine and published in the March issu...

How 'memory' T cells curb the spread of viruses throughout the body

...cademy of Science Online Early Edition shows lymph nodes are not just organs where immune cells reside and ... CD8 T cells needed first to multiply in the lymph nodes and then migrate through the blood to kill infected cells at the site where the virus entered the bo...

New bacterium discovered -- related to cause of trench fever

...ch disease, an infection that causes swollen lymph nodes and fever after a cat scratches its owner or an unlucky visitor. They were again surprised to find that this microbe is the second Bartonella species to cause infection in AIDS patients. Like trench fever, cat scratch disease had been described ...