Nervous in Biological News

Scientists track impact of DNA damage in the developing brain

... off a key DNA repair system in the developing nervous system is linked to smaller brain size as well as ... an organ system, in this case the mouse brain and nervous system. While the results suggest certain brain ... with time DNA damage accumulates throughout the nervous system. Some mice in the study eventually develop ...

Researchers design first model motor nerve system that's insulated and organized like the human body

... demyelination. Yet, due to the complexity of the nervous system, it has been a challenge to study ... already developed techniques for growing various nervous system cells in serum-free media, including ... in two distinct environments: In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), cells are exposed to blood and ...

Work in mice will contribute to the study of hereditary diseases that lead to blindness

... study of microglial cells, a type of cell of the nervous System that develop a phagocytic or purifying ... involved in all the diseases and damages of the nervous system, including Parkinson and Alzheimer, and ... resident population of macrophages in the central nervous system (CNS) and play a relevant role in the ...

Huntington's disease deciphered

... how the mutated huntingtin gene acts on the nervous system to create the devastation of Huntington's ... that people are born with a perfectly functioning nervous system, despite the mutation, but as they grow up ... is that the gene is expressed not just in the nervous system but in other parts of the body. However, ...

Scholar unconvinced new lie-detection methods better than old ones

... bases its results on functions of the autonomic nervous system is increasingly dismissed as dated and ... that traditional polygraphy tests the autonomic nervous system. That's respiration, heart rate, pulse, ... the brain, we're getting closer to the central nervous system, not dealing with the ...

One size does not fit all

... myelin repair or remyelination in the central nervous system. The findings, published in The American ... crucial need to monitor the effects of central nervous system-accessible immune therapies on the myelin ... year. MS is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), in which immune cells attack the ...

Development of an artificial simulator of the nervous system to do research into diseases

... which permits to reproduce any part of the body's nervous system, such as the retina, the cerebellum, the hearing centres or the nervous centres. This scientific advance permits to analyze and understand the functions of the nervous centres, to do research into new pathologies and ...

Translating the conversation between the brain and blood vessels

... role the brain plays in increasing sympathetic nervous activity, which contributes to many forms of ... apnea and chronic activation of the sympathetic nervous system. "We're studying why people who are ... work in the brain stem that regulate sympathetic nervous activity. Neurotransmitters relay signals from ...

Grouping muscles to make controlling limbs easier

... the research. The idea that the body's nervous system controls a limb using muscle groups, or ... it would reduce the number of variables that the nervous system needs to control. "We still don't know if that's how the central nervous system works, but what has been missing from the ...

Early family ties: No sponge in the human family tree

... Moreover, the results also suggest that the nervous system only evolved once in animal history. ... close relationship also suggests that the nervous system developed only once in animal history," ... the genetic toolkit responsible for building the nervous system in other animals was already present in ...

To swim or to crawl: For the worm it's a no brainer

... important to study the function of the worm's nervous system in a range of environments, where the mode of operation of the nervous system and the specific role of individual genes ... so simple it doesn't have a brain, only a minimal nervous system of 302 nerve cells (as opposed to the 100 ...

Tiny details in three dimensions

... and chronic symptoms in joints, muscles and the nervous system the bacteria that cause Lyme borreliosis, ... affect the joints and in Europe the skin and nervous system as well seems to stem from the ... is joint inflammation, in Europe, the skin or nervous system may also be affected. With the aid of ...

Researchers disprove 15-year-old theory about the nervous system

... traffic may cause a headache, but a delay in the nervous system can cause much more. University of ... proteins are involved in the development of the nervous system and found that the proteins previously ... role, in fact, do not. Understanding how the nervous system develops will give researchers a better ...

Nicotine activates more than just the brain's pleasure pathways

... in sensory areas of the brain." The peripheral nervous system refers to nerves that are outside of the ... Using genetic engineering and measurements of nervous system activity in mice, the researchers found ... mainly because of their effects on the central nervous system, "but it is possible they could also ...

Tips from the American Journal of Pathology

... multiple sclerosis (MS) attacks the central nervous system, resulting in demyelination of neurons. Myelin-producing cells in the central nervous system are severely depleted in lesions in ... effects of CXCL1 specifically expressed in the nervous system in a mouse model of MS. They observed ...

Motor nerve targeting to limb muscles is controlled by ephrin proteins

... December 26, 2008 in the journal Neuron . The nervous system is a highly precise and intricate nerve ... of how both limb nerves correctly connect the nervous system to muscles. Furthermore, by studying the ... strategy that is very likely widely used in the nervous system to wire much more complex neural circuits, ...

Leptin's long-distance call to the pancreas

... the fat-derived hormone enlists the sympathetic nervous system to prevent bone-making cells from ... Leptin channels many of its effects through the nervous system. The team thus tested whether the hormone relied on the sympathetic nervous system, the branch that pumps out adrenaline ...

In the war against diseases, nerve cells need their armor

... previously characterized only in the developing nervous system, with this critical function in the adult nervous system. This research was funded by the MS ... netrin is essential for normal development of the nervous system, and we also knew that netrin was present ...

Cold Spring Harbor Protocols features organ and cell culture methods

... cells, which are destined to contribute to the nervous system, are often difficult to identify. ... of Progenitor Cells from the Central nervous System," from Larysa Pevny's laboratory at the ... to generate three primary cell types of the nervous system: neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. ...

Ultrasound shown to exert remote control of brain circuits

... electrodes, requiring direct contact with nervous tissue or the introduction of exogenous proteins, ... new neurostimulation methods for controlling nervous system activity and several approaches show promise for the treatment of a wide variety of nervous system disorders. For example, Deep Brain ...

Taking the next step toward advanced artificial limbs

... research at WPI: control signal processing, nervous system integration, and the tissue-interface ... for artificial limbs that are connected to the nervous system so they can be controlled directly by the ... connecting external prosthetic devices with the nervous system. His team will try to direct the growth of ...

American Chemical Society's Weekly PressPac -- Aug. 6, 2008

... that removal of brain, spinal and other central nervous tissue after slaughter is "one of the highest ... the real-time detection of possible central nervous system (CNS) tissue contamination on carcasses ... that appears in high concentrations in the nervous tissue of cattle. The researchers found that it ...

Origin of cells for connective tissues of skull and face challenged

... they spawn the cells that create the peripheral nervous system, and pigment cells in skin and hair (or ... adversely affected development of the peripheral nervous system or pigmentation did not affect ... alter neural crest-derived pigment or peripheral nervous system cells. This paradox, he said, led him ...

Turning back the clock for Schwann cells

... Wrapped around neurons in the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells can dedifferentiate into a ... immune attacks destroy myelin in the central nervous system. Unlike Schwann cells, oligodendrocytes, the myelin makers in the central nervous system, cant revert to an immature state. Whether ...

Snoozing worms help Penn researchers explain the evolution of sleep

... life cycle when synaptic changes occur in the nervous system, they propose that sleep is a state required for nervous system plasticity. In other words, in order for the nervous system to grow and change, there must be down ...

Aging gracefully requires taking out the trash

... is true as well: Boosting autophagy in the nervous system of fruit flies prevented the age-dependent ... Finley. This may be particularly important in the nervous system since neurons produce damaged molecules at ... of a rate-limiting autophagy gene in the aging nervous system there is a dramatic extension of lifespan ...

Rutgers scientist's research reveals critical knowledge about the nervous system

... become possible to reverse the breakdown of the nervous systems electrical transmissions in such ... spinal cord injuries, diabetes and cancers of the nervous system. With $697,065 in grants from the New ... focuses on Schwann cells within the peripheral nervous system and their communication links with the ...

Worms take the sniff test to reveal sex differences in brain

... genes have direct counterparts in people, but its nervous system is far simpler. Indeed, researchers have ... out some of the fundamental rules that govern the nervous systems not only of worms but also people. ... both egg and sperm. The two sexes share a core nervous system made up of 294 neurons that are exactly ...

Shigetada Nakanishi receives $500,000 Gruber Neuroscience Prize

... secrets that underpin the function of the human nervous system. His work has created new tools for ... about the molecular processes used throughout the nervous system: our senses, movement control, cognition, ... fields of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system. The Foundations other international ...

Odd protein interaction guides development of olfactory system

... found that in the flys antennal lobe a common nervous system receptor actually inhibits the activity of ... key roles in the growth and development of the nervous system. In the antennal lobe, derailed is ... system, and perhaps to other parts of the nervous system, Hing said. But it also will interest ...

Scientists alter sexual orientation in worms

... The [same-sex attraction] behavior is part of the nervous system. The study was published online ... What we show is that the shared nervous system [common between male and hermaphrodite] is ... attraction to hermaphrodites. That shows the nervous system can compensate for lost neurons as it goes ...

West Nile virus' spread through nerve cells linked to serious complication

... infectious pathway can break into the central nervous system, triggering a condition known as acute ... West Nile virus infection affects the central nervous system. One form of infection, encephalitis, ... to follow the sciatic nerve back to the central nervous system. An untreated human patient's chances of ...

Simulation reveals how body repairs balance after damage

... simulation that sheds new light on how the nervous system reinvents its communication with muscles ... In a body without balance impairment, the nervous system collects sensory information from all over ... or an accidental bump from a nearby stranger, the nervous system sends the new information to the muscles ...

Specific brain protein required for nerve cell connections to form and function

... a better insight into what can go wrong in the nervous system when neurexin function is lost said Dr. ... the transmission of chemical signals within the nervous system. Neurexins interact with binding partners ... basically resulted in a fly with defective nervous system said Bhat, also a member of the UNC ...

Unravelling new complexity in the genome

... much of this additional regulation occurs in the nervous system. The alternative splicing step allows a ... regulated by alternative splicing differently in nervous system tissues compared to other mammalian ... have important and specific functions in the nervous system, including roles associated with memory ...

Neuropathic pain: The sea provides a new hope of relief

... for neuropathic pain chronic pain that sometimes follows damage to the nervous system. Currently this form of pain is very poorly controlled by the ... could be a candidate. Recent research suggests inflammation in the nervous system is a major causative factor for this condition. Inflammation ...

A genetic basis for schizophrenia

... disease that is thought to have its roots in the development of the nervous system; however, major breakthroughs linking its genetics to diagnosis, ... to multiple cell types including craniofacial cartilage and the peripheral nervous system during development. They also are similar to neurons in their high ...

Fate in fly sensory organ precursor cells could explain human immune disorder

... the Notch pathway, which controls cell fate. In the fly peripheral nervous system, two daughter cells arise from a single sensory organ precursor ... In a screen of fruit fly mutants that have disrupted peripheral nervous system development, Akhila Rajan and An-chi Tien, two graduate students in ...

Chemical in blood may explain susceptibility to bladder pain

... malfunction of the bladder, but might instead have origins in the central nervous system, researchers say. Symptoms of interstitial cystitis, known as ... all speculative, but it may be that there is some kind of primary central nervous system disorder that results in problems in the bladder in some people, ...

Tracking down the causes of multiple sclerosis

... and doctors: it is the most common inflammatory disease of the central nervous system in our part of the world and often strikes patients at a relatively ... multiple sclerosis. Basically, they can misinterpret any component of the nervous system as a foreign body and launch an attack. However, it is well known ...