Mouth in Biological News

Freshwater fish at the top of the food chain evolve more slowly

... to be good at feeding on fish you need a large mouth that can engulf the prey." The largemouth bass is ... prey, and at the last moment will pop open its mouth kind of like popping open an umbrella and ... the fine parts of the head and mouth. "A fish mouth is much more complicated than our own mouth," ...

Our brain looks at eyes first to identify a face

... first place, the eyes and then the shape of the mouth and nose. The objective of this study, ... account the eyes alone ignoring the nose and the mouth but also by considering the mouth or nose separately, albeit less reliable." ...

NIH funds $9.5 million for research on HIV and the human innate immune system

... CLEVELAND Studying how the mouth wards off diseases will have implications for ... help us better understand how the lining of our mouth and other parts of our body, like the skin, ... infections from HIV. How this happens in the mouth may explain the protection seen in ...

Are you okay to kiss?

... ones) break down the proteins in the mouth and produce foul odor. But Prof. Mel Rosenberg ... will turn blue if a person has enzymes in the mouth produced by the Gram-positive bacteria. The presence of these enzymes means that the mouth is busily producing bacteria that foster nasty ...

Stomach ulcer bug causes bad breath

... are not showing signs of stomach disease. The mouth is home to over 600 different species of ... "Although the presence of H. pylori in the mouth does not directly cause bad breath, it is ... into the relationship between H. pylori in the mouth and in the stomach. We hope to discover the role ...

American Chemical Society's Weekly PressPac -- April 30, 2008

... scientists report the design of an artificial mouth that mimics the first vital steps of human ... processes. Our aim was not to reproduce the human mouth conditions exactly, but to reproduce the result ... Release of Volatile Compounds in a New Artificial mouth Device" DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT ARTICLE ....

Fraud attempt in a paternity test modifies action protocol in DNA tests

... regularly. Samples are usually collected from mouth and saliva cells to carry out the DNA analysis. ... the usual procedure: the suspect washed his mouth and after that they took the samples with a ... there was an only one possible conclusion: In the mouth of that man there was DNA from two different ...

'Alien' jaws help moray eels feed

... upon food or prey, the fish rapidly expands its mouth cavity, sucking in water and the food with it. Some fish feed by overtaking prey with their mouth open or grabbing it in their jaws, but most of ... fish then use suction to move the food from the mouth to the esophagus. But moray eels have little ...

Scientists discover Amazon river is 11 million years old

... of Brazil, analysed sedimentary material taken from two boreholes near the mouth of the river to calculate the age of the Amazon river and the Amazon deep ... by Petrobas, however, have lea to two new boreholes being drilled near the mouth of the Amazon - one 2.5miles (4.5km) below sea level - which resulted in ...

Microbes and their hosts -- exploring the complexity of symbiosis in DNA and cell biology

... the bacterial community that populates the gingival crevice in the human mouth affect the ability of the natural immune defenses in the mouth to detect the presence of harmful bacteria and orchestrate their ...

Facial expressions of emotion are innate, not learned, says new study

... produced "social smiles" during the ceremony. Social smiles use only the mouth muscles whereas true smiles, known as Duchenne smiles, cause the eyes to ... to negative emotions, humans have developed a system that closes the mouth so that they are prevented from yelling, biting or throwing insults." ...

Studying volcanoes with balloons

... on-location measurements of volcanic gases as they actually spew from the mouth of the volcano. The Kilauea volcano began erupting in March. Durant ... and his colleagues wear goggles and breathing masks at the infernal mouth of the volcanohe analyzes the plumes using controlled meteorological ...

NYU Langone Medical Center's tip sheet to the International Conference on Alzheimer's Disease 2008

... disease. Presentation # P3-067 Big Immune Response to Common mouth Bacteria Linked to Alzheimer's. Angela R Kamer, D.M.D., M.S., PhD., ... animals could produce more antibodies against the prion protein in the mouth and blood system, preventing access of the infectious prions to the brain. ...

Project succeeding to relocate Caspian terns

... counted 9,900 pairs of nesting terns on East Sand Island near the mouth of the Columbia River which accounts for an estimated 70 percent of all ... unfortunate location at that." One reason for the super-colony at the mouth of the Columbia River, Roby said, is that the birds' historical nesting ...

CAPHOSOL relieves oral mucositis and improves quality-of-life in cancer patients

... redness, swelling and ulceration of the mucosa. Oral mucositis can cause mouth pain, xerostomia (dryness of the mouth or throat), difficulty eating and drinking, as well as difficulty with ...

Nitrates in vegetables protect against gastric ulcers

... more and more common. If a mouthwash eliminates the bacterial flora in the mouth this may be important to the normal functioning of the stomach, as the ... more and more common. If a mouthwash eliminates the bacterial flora in the mouth this may be important to the normal functioning of the stomach, as the ...

UF scientists discover compound that could lead to new blood pressure drugs

... Ostrov said the enzyme exists in two forms: like a Pac-Man with a mouth that has chomped closed, and like a Pac-Man with a mouth that remains wide open. The molecule that worked best fit in a structural ...

UAB microbiologist wins top Czech science honor

... to research and teach about the microbial environment of the gut, mouth and mucosal membranes. His expertise in mucosal immunology has earned ... turned out to be a first step toward convincing many scientists that the mouth is integral to mucosal immunity, Mestecky said. IgA researchers like ...

Dinosaur from Sahara ate like a 'mesozoic cow'

... WASHINGTONA 110 million-year-old dinosaur that had a mouth that worked like a vacuum cleaner, hundreds of tiny teeth and nearly ... oddest feature was a broad, straight-edged muzzle, which allowed its mouth to work close to the ground. Unlike any other plant eater, Nigersaurus had ...

Scary ancient spiders revealed in 3-D models, thanks to new imaging technique

... use them to grind up their prey before pushing it into their backward-facing mouths. The computer models also revealed that Cryptomartus hindi 's mouth appendages, called pedipalps, had tiny 'tarsal' claws attached at the end to help the creature to manipulate its prey. These claws are seen in rare ...

Reintroduced Chinese alligators now multiplying in the wild in China

... Bronx Zoo. The baby alligators represent a milestone for the 10-year effort to reintroduce the Chinese alligator on Chongming Island, located at the mouth of China's Yangtze River. The announcement was made at the International Congress for Conservation Biology, convened by the Society for ...

New study ranks 'hotspots' of human impact on coastal areas

... hotspots of land-based impact and where these land-based sources of impact are minimal or can be ignored." The hottest hotspot is at the mouth of the Mississippi River, explained Halpern, with the other top 10 in Asia and the Mediterranean. "These are areas where conservation efforts will ...

Research network wins approximately £5.7 million to target human and animal diseases in Africa

... and status in the continent, but livestock production is severely limited by disease. Many of the world's worst livestock diseases, such as Foot and mouth disease, are indigenous to Africa. The Wellcome Trust grant will provide funds for SACIDS to: Develop and deliver new MSc courses in ...

NIH expands Human Microbiome Project; funds sequencing centers and disease projects

... this study is to examine the association between the skin microbiome and acne. Zhiheng Pei, M.D., Ph.D., New York University School of Medicine mouth and digestive tract: Esophageal Adenocarcinoma $1 million This team will sample the oral cavity, esophagus, and stomach to study the relationship ...

American Chemical Society weekly presspac -- June 10, 2009

... that patients by far prefer pills and capsules to the discomfort and inconvenience of injections. But many medicines and vaccines cannot be given by mouth because they would be destroyed by stomach acid without being absorbed into the bloodstream. One promising approach is to use live bacteria, which ...

Nutricia launches Nutra Neocate, weaning product designed for cows’ milk protein allergy

... well-being, but also provides weaning infants with a choice and variety of different foods, tastes and textures they need to help with their mouth and tongue co-ordination for speech development.4 "We are delighted to introduce Neocate Nutra as the first and only amino acid-based weaning ...

Wildlife Conservation Society supports world's first study of egg-laying mammal

... with long course hairs and spines. They are powerful diggers and possess short legs with long claws. The snout of the echidna ends in a tiny mouth with no teeth. Long-beaked echidnas feed on insect larvae, worms, and other invertebrates (whereas short-beaked echidnas prefer ants and ...

Yeast missing sex genes undergo unexpected sexual reproduction

... benefits from associating with another organism without affecting the other. Humans are susceptible to three types of yeast infection: thrush (in the mouth and throat), vaginal infection, and a sometimes fatal systemic infection of bloodstream and organs, such as the kidney. In a paper published ...

Taste, odor intervention improves cancer therapy, according to Virginia Tech, Wake Forest study

... the quality of life of their patients. According to Susan Duncan, professor of food science and technology at Virginia Tech, a bad taste in the mouth can lead to poor nutrition because patients avoid eating. Approximately two thirds of cancer patients who receive chemotherapy report altered ...

Tufts University professor receives IADR Pharmacology/Therapeutics/Toxicology Award

... areas of dental drug and device therapy. Her major focus has been as principal investigator in clinical trials involving various aspects of dry mouth (xerostomia), including drug therapy for patients with Sjgren's syndrome, devices to stimulate salivary flow, and understanding why patients with ...

Cleft lip and palate: Genes more important than thought?

... and discriminating term 'harelip' has fortunately almost died out. In the cleft lip and palate, different tissue processes of the face and mouth area do not fuse together or do so insufficiently. This results in a gap remaining between lip, jaw and sometimes the palate. It seems likely that ...

Scientists discover why teeth form in a single row

... that turn genes on or off. "Knocking out" (deleting) the Osr2 gene resulted in cleft palate, a birth defect where the two halves of the roof of the mouth fail to join up properly, leaving a gap. Secondly, and surprisingly, the Osr2 "knockout" mice developed teeth outside of the normal tooth row. Jiang ...

Reversing ecology reveals ancient environments

... to entire communities. In particular, Borenstein hopes to explore large collections of host-dwelling bacteria like those living in the human gut or mouth or the communities found in soils. The complicated and intricate ecology of these systems should now be accessible given the genomic data that ...

Toothsome research: Deducing the diet of a prehistoric hominid

... works. It suggested that A. africanus s facial and jaw anatomy was optimized to handle stress on the premolars, teeth located farther forward in the mouth and most useful for chewing larger hard objects. But recent studies had shown that the teeth lacked the microscopic wear patterns characteristic of ...

Origin of claws seen in 390-million-year-old fossil

... the middle of the Cambrian Period, 100 million years before Schinderhannes lived. The fossil's head section has large bulbous eyes, a circular mouth opening and a pair of segmented, opposable appendages with spines projecting inward along their length. The trunk section is made up of 12 segments, ...

Advancement in tissue engineering promotes oral wound healing

... Tampa, Fla. (Feb. 3rd, 2009) Oral tissue engineering for transplantation to aid wound healing in mouth (oral cavity) reconstruction has taken a significant step forward with a Netherlands-based research team's successful development of a gum tissue ...

Scientists discover 'hot spot' for toxic HABS off Washington coastline

... study, scientists noted the Juan de Fuca eddy, a circular water mass rotating approximately 30 miles off the northern coast of Washington at the mouth of the Juan de Fuca Strait, frequently contained significant populations of the microscopic alga, Pseudo-nitzschia. Scientists and their students ...

'Hot spot' for toxic harmful algal blooms discovered off Washington coast

... in Seattle. Scientists noted that the Juan de Fuca eddy, a circular water mass rotating some 30 miles off the northern coast of Washington at the mouth of the Juan de Fuca Strait, frequently contained significant populations of the microscopic toxic alga, Pseudo-nitzschia. Over the course of the ...

Feeling your words: Hearing with your face

... New Haven, Conn. The movement of facial skin and muscles around the mouth plays an important role not only in the way the sounds of speech are made, but also in the way they are heard according to a study by scientists at ...

Crib-side studies help struggling newborns go home without feeding tubes

... feeding tube with advanced sensors to capture the rhythm of muscular contractions throughout the entire aero-digestive tract, beginning with the mouth and ending beyond the stomach. The signals from the tube are translated into a graphic form and are evaluated. Data is then shared with a ...