lobe

New tool reveals secrets of migrating cells

...ecide the cell's fate. In their experiments on one lobe of the mouse thymus, in fact, Witt and her colleagues saw cells, possibly those that have made a decision on their fate, halt their wanderings and make a beeline out of the cortex to the medulla, something immature T cells can't do. The scenario the...

Investigating 'brain shrinkage' in alcoholics

... neural systems damage, commonly affecting frontal lobe based systems and their functions, which include decision making, inhibition, problem solving, and judgment. This is part of the dynamic course of alcoholism that likely contributes to its maintenance. In the symposium, [we presented] data showing th...

Scavenger cells could be key to treating HIV-related dementia

...us mutates nearly 100 times faster in the temporal lobe than other parts of the brain, attacking macrophages migrate there in a constant stream, causing harmful inflammation. Nearly 15 percent of HIV patients develop dementia as their disease progresses. But understanding the routes macrophage cells take...

Team led by Carnegie Mellon University scientist finds first evidence of a living memory trace

...ns called glomeruli within the honeybee's antennal lobe (AL), considered the invertebrate equivalent of the brain's olfactory bulb. Team member Marcel Weidert placed fluorescent probes within different glomeruli, and imaged their activity using dyes sensitive to the opening and closing of calcium channels...

How Fruitflies Know It's Time for Lunch

...th, which set off neurons that signal the antennal lobe of the central nervous system. From here, the electrical stimulation zooms toward the so-called mushroom body, a mushroom-shaped cluster of neurons involved in olfactory processing. Less is known about the gustatory signals, which begin both in the m...

Finding the mind's eye

...tion appear to reside exclusively in the occipital lobe (at the back of the head.) Tse's team concluded that, "the neural correlates of conscious visual visibility for masking stimuli lie in the occipital lobe, but after visual area 2." ...

Tracking the memory trace

...That one was first stored in the insect's antennal lobe (where odors are processed). The flies are trained to associate an odor with an electric shock. The change in these neurons was immediate, but lasted only five to seven minutes. In the more recent report involving the DPM neurons, the change can be...

Study ties 'new' cell-death mechanism to developmental and degenerative brain disorders

...ase takes place in the hippocampus of the temporal lobe and that of Parkinson's disease occurs in the substantia nigra of the brain stem. Pulst said the new findings on neurodegeneration do not necessarily supersede the prevailing hypothesis of defective proteins. In fact, the two may be linked. "It co...

Memory loss affects more of the brain than previously thought

...at we should be paying closer attention to frontal lobe function in detecting people at risk for AD and may also point to new preventive strategies," said co-principal investigator P. Murali Doraiswamy, M.D., chief of the Division of Biological Psychiatry in the Department of Psychiatry at Duke. Both res...

Researchers find cause of frontotemporal dementia

..., causing the brain tissue to die off. The frontal lobe is the foremost part of the brain and accounts for... the brain's mass. Among other things, the frontal lobe is involved in regulating behavior, movement and mood, and is responsible for cognitive functions li...

Mice learn tasks that may help treat human psychiatric disorders

...enia, Tourette's syndrome, traumatic frontal brain lobe injury and a host of other human mental disorders for which set shifting is an important monitoring tool." According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 3.4 per 1,000 children have autism or another autism spectrum disorder, ma...

The brain's motivation station

...earning-related hippocampus in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) of the brain. Activation prior to scene visualization suggests that the brain actually prepares in advance to filter incoming information rather than simply reacting to the world. Activation of the MTL is associated with higher brain functions...

Study offers window into human behavior, brain disease

...in ALS and specific memory-forming medial temporal lobe neurons die in early Alzheimer's disease. "We hope to add von Economo neurons to that list," says Seeley. "It's a pretty important list to fill in, but for FTD there just hasn't been a good candidate until now. We think we've found it, and that is...

Brain regions do not communicate efficiently in adults with autism

... the left hemisphere, particularly in the temporal lobe of the persons with autism within two different frequencies of brain waves, the delta and theta bands. This part of the brain is associated with language, which is impaired in many people with autism. A global pattern of decreased neural conn...

Gene therapy inhibits epilepsy in animals

...hat is critical to generating seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy, the most common type of epilepsy in children and adults. GABA(A) receptors are made up of five subunits--proteins that play important roles in brain development and in controlling brain activity. Previous animal research by Dr. Brooks-Kay...

Studies yield insight into the numerical brain

...and colleagues showed that regions of the parietal lobe activate in response to numbers, either when they ...nstrating that the two hemispheres of the parietal lobe function differently in processing numbers. While the left lobe harbors abstract numerical represent...

Gene tests and brain imaging reveal early dementia

...the people in this risk group had reduced parietal lobe activity, detectable using an MR camera, and that these same people were the ones who went on to suffer memory deterioration two to three years later. "It's surprisingly difficult to diagnose Alzheimer's with any certainty, but things are made ea...

Stroke study sheds light on left-right brain divide

...in everyday life.’ 23 people, each with frontal lobe damage, performed a ‘rule-switching’ task which in...at people who suffer damage to their right frontal lobe following a stroke may struggle in everyday situations which require attention to be switched flexib...