liquid

Bioartificial kidney under study at MCG

...articipants take the additional step of having the liquid portion of their filtered blood, called an ultrafi..., mediators of inflammation and such ?removed. The liquid is run through the cell-lined fibers of a second cartridge, while the blood is run on the outside of...

Scientists ID molecular 'switch' in liver that triggers harmful effects of saturated and trans fats

...althier polyunsaturated fats are those that remain liquid at room temperature, such as various types of vegetable oils. Trans-unsaturated fatty acids, or trans fats, are artificially produced solid fats used in shortening and margarine, baked goods, and the oils used to cook french fries and other fast foo...

University of Manchester makes made-to-measure skin and bones a reality using inkjet printers

...printer, the cells are suspended in anutrient rich liquid not dissimilar to ink, which ensures theirsurvival. The cells are then fed into the printer and seeded directlyinto the structure as it is built. This avoids any 'sticking to thesurface' which is a major disadvantage of current methods that infusethe...

Yellowstone microbes fueled by hydrogen, according to U. of Colorado study

...into special sample vials and immediatelyfrozen in liquid nitrogen canisters to preserve the microbialcommunity.In springs where there was no sediment, Spear collected samples ofplanktonic organisms by hanging a glass slide in the water and allowingthe microbes to accumulate. "Bacteria are just like us. The...

Purdue proves concept of using nano-materials for drug discovery

...me that produces a blue color when combined with a liquid that contains molecules small enough to easily pas...e inner surface of the alumina membranes - and the liquid was placed outside each vessel so that it covered the opposite side of the membranes. When the liqui...

ASU researchers finds novel chemistry at work to provide parrot's vibrant red colors

...hemical analysis technique called high-performance liquid chromatography to survey the pigments present in red parrot feathers. McGraw and Nogare collected and analyzed samples from 44 parrot species that have red feathers. Overall, there are some 350 species of parrots, 80 percent of which have red in thei...

Transport System Smuggles Medicines Into Brain

...hemical analysis technique called high-performance liquid chromatography to survey the pigments present in red parrot feathers. McGraw and Nogare collected and analyzed samples from 44 parrot species that have red feathers. Overall, there are some 350 species of parrots, 80 percent of which have red in thei...

Scientists develop new color-coded test for protein folding

... and graduate student Matthew R. Hammond created a liquid solution containing nano-sized particles of gold saturated with a protein called cytochrome c. "We chose gold nanoparticles because they are simple to prepare, easy to control and cost effective," the authors wrote. "To the best of our knowledge, ho...

Open microfluidic and nanofluidic systems

...try by which one can measure the precise amount of liquid contained in them; they should be able to confine ...essible in such a way that one can add and extract liquid in a convenient manner. An appealing design principle for such microcompartments is based on open a...

Development of portable infectious disease detector

..., pumps and valves to move around minuteamounts of liquid on silicon chips proved to be considerably moredifficult than most of the inventors had expected and the products thatthese companies have created thus far have been too expensive for thepoint-of-care diagnostics market.For their home fertility teste...

Breakthrough method in nanoparticle synthesis paves the way for new pharmaceutical and biomedical applications

...r, these catalysts normally exist in a homogeneous liquid phase, which makes them difficult to be separated and reused. Prof. Ying’s group at IBN has developed novel approaches to immobilize these catalysts on nanoporous materials synthesized by its wet-chemical technique. This renders the catalysts in a s...

First frozen egg baby born in Canada

...lected from her ovaries, which were then frozen in liquid nitrogen at ?96ºC. After a period of two months, the eggs were thawed and fertilized with her partner's sperm through in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and the resulting embryos implanted in her uterus. "The p...

Technique may allow cancer patients to freeze eggs, preserving fertility before starting treatment

...be cooled fast enough that the transformation from liquid to solid is instantaneous. No ice crystals form and the consistency resembles a viscous glassy state. Research so far has used mouse oocytes but U-M expects to make the technology available in the clinic soon. "With traditional slow-freeze technique...

Could microbes solve Russia's chemical weapons conundrum?

... that was first used in World War I. Found in both liquid and aerosol form (mustard gas), it can cause severe burns to the skin, and severe damage to the respiratory system and internal organs if ingested or inhaled. It accounts for around 2 percent of Russia's CWA stockpile. Around 60 percent of the musta...

Life detection instrument passes key test on road to Mars

... and possible signs of water, but the existence of liquid water was speculative, and people thought I was cr...ASA and others that shows there used to be running liquid water on the surface of Mars." "The connection between water and life has been made very strongly, ...

Study of energy and health in Africa focuses spotlight on charcoal and forest management

... petroleum-based fossil fuels such as kerosene and liquid propane gas, the authors noted, which could prevent 1.3 to 3.7 million premature deaths, depending on the speed of transition. The authors argue, however, that current economic conditions and energy infrastructure in Africa make petroleum-based fossi...

It's electric: Cows show promise as powerplants

... churned until it can be completely digested. This liquid mass is what scientists call rumen fluid. The researchers collected the fluid through a cannula, a surgically implanted tube that leads directly from the cow's hide into its rumen. The cow used in the study ate a normal diet. The researchers filled...

Newly discovered genetic disease sheds light on body's water balance

... infants -- almost all of their nutrition comes in liquid form." The physicians were reluctant to use other medications that generate increased water loss in the kidneys, as these can have side effects or toxicities in young children. Instead, with Feldman and pediatric endocrinology fellow Eric Huang, MD,...

Breakthrough: Scientists create world's tiniest organic particles

.... "From that we make impressions with what we call liquid Teflon, and the resulting molds look something like ice cube trays with tiny cavities in them. After that, we mold the carrier and fragile functional materials into whatever particles we want and gently wash them off the molds with buffer solutions i...

Aptamer-based Biosensor screens Air Force personnel and equipment

...b. The sample material on the swab is suspended in liquid by rinsing it in a container. Once in a liquid form, the sample is injected into a special flow cell, the place where the assay occurs. The flow c...

Microreactor efficiently regenerates cofactors for biocatalysis

... uses a Y-shaped microfluidic channel in which two liquid streams (a reactant stream and a buffer stream) merge and flow laminarly between two electrodes without mixing. By adjusting the flow rates of the two streams, the researchers can focus the reactant stream close to the cathode, and a normally unfavor...

Hanging baskets of sex and death help fruit growers

... lure. That test also helped them choose between a liquid and powder based mix for the virus - the liquid was found to be best. The University of Warwick researchers are now working with colleagues from Eas...

Researchers Create DNA-Based Sensors for Nano-Tongues and Nano-Noses

...in their environment, whether the nanotube is in a liquid or in air. "When the DNA portion of the nanosensor binds to a target molecule, there will be a slight change in the electric charge near the nanotube," Johnson said. "The nanotube will then pick up on that change, turning it into an electric signal ...

Green diesel: New process makes liquid transportation fuel from plants

...rs have discovered a new way to make a diesel-like liquid fuel from carbohydrates commonly found in plants. ...ived carbohydrates can be converted to sulfur-free liquid alkanes resulting in an ideal additive for diesel transportation fuel. Co-researchers include chemic...

NASA satellite data provides rapid analysis of Amazon deforestation

...'s rainfall, and when it rains, water changes from liquid to vapor and back again, storing and releasing heat energy in the process. With so much rainfall, an incredible amount of heat is released into the atmosphere - making the tropics the Earth's primary source of heat redistribution. And, because of the...

Ethanol and biodiesel from crops not worth the energy

... just no energy benefit to using plant biomass for liquid fuel," says David Pimentel, professor of ecology a...e analysis. "The United State desperately needs a liquid fuel replacement for oil in the near future," says Pimentel, "but producing ethanol or biodiesel fro...

Tropical Deforestation affects rainfall in the U.S. and around the globe

...'s rainfall, and when it rains, water changes from liquid to vapor and back again, storing and releasing heat energy in the process. With so much rainfall, an incredible amount of heat is released into the atmosphere - making the tropics the Earth's primary source of heat redistribution. "Deforestation doe...

Using the genomic shortcut to predict bacterial behavior

... just no energy benefit to using plant biomass for liquid fuel," says David Pimentel, professor of ecology a...e analysis. "The United State desperately needs a liquid fuel replacement for oil in the near future," says Pimentel, "but producing ethanol or biodiesel fro...

Researchers find ways to turn manure into power

...dlot waste presents a different challenge than the liquid waste from hog or dairy operations, Sweeten said. Researchers are trying to determine what process and what mix of the product will create the most useable heat and, as a result, energy. For this study, composite samples of raw/mixed/uncomposted man...

New book expands biological classifications to account for 'alien' life

...ikely to use compounds such as ammonia that remain liquid at very low temperatures. Ward is one of several faculty members in the UW's groundbreaking graduate program in astrobiology. The program, the first of its kind, started in 1998 with a grant from the National Science Foundation and has since been bo...

An essential regulator of body weight revealed

... each time a mouse licks the bottle containing its liquid diet. The effects of eliminating NPY/AgRP neurons in adult mice were dramatic. After treatment with diphtheria toxin, the animals began to eat less and less; by the fifth day, they had stopped eating entirely. Within 6-8 days, they had lost 20 percen...

War on terror meets war on cancer

...y temperature in flasks containing a nutrient-rich liquid culture medium. There were four sets of flasks, ea...t tube, freezing the cakes by putting the tubes in liquid nitrogen, using a vacuum to remove the air from each tube, then putting the tubes in boiling water. ...

Pulp mill devastates swans' sanctuary in Chile

...long the coast, where CELCO now plans to discharge liquid waste," Tecklin added. ...

Health benefits of a Christmas brandy

...tmas you can put your mind at rest that this amber liquid isn't too bad for you at all. In moderation, of course." Red wine is famously known as an effective antioxidant so it stands to reason that brandy, technically a grape-based spirit, could offer similar benefits, Dr Troup said. "We thought the antio...

Polymer gel can block toxic leakage problem in gene therapy

... biocompatible polymer that briefly changes from a liquid at 39 degrees Fahrenheit to a gel at body temperat...es a temporary phase change as its stiffens from a liquid to a gel state when warmed to body temperature, that study reported. This 1,000-fold viscosity chan...

Science's Breakthrough of the Year: Watching evolution in action

...ed a world where infrequent but drenching rains of liquid methane shape the land and participate in a fascinating hydrologic cycle. A Rich Year for Plants: Several key molecular cues behind flowering and other plant mysteries and surprises came to light in 2005. For example, plant molecular biologists pinn...

Zooming in on the protein-conducting channel

...x in water and then abruptly froze it in supercold liquid ethane. The rapid freezing imprisoned the complex in vitreous ice, a glassy non-crystalline form of ice, thus preserving its native structure. Using an electron microscope with a low-intensity beam to avoid damaging the molecules, scientists then obt...

New battery technology helps stimulate nerves

...eloped the electrolyte, the electricity-conducting liquid that is the heart of the battery. The new organosilicon compounds developed by the Wisconsin chemists, says West, have numerous advantages over traditional lithium battery chemistry. "They're very flexible. They don't solidify. They're stable, nonfl...

From one cell, many possible cures

...reactor bathes stem cell samples in a protein-rich liquid while also simulating the flow of the body's circulatory system. "Within the human body, each cell is no more than 200 micrometers from a source of nutrients," Ma explained. "The perfusion bioreactor allows us to deliver essential nutrients to stem ...

Asleep in the deep: Model helps assess ocean-injection strategy for combating greenhouse effect

... and pressure conditions. Zhang's model shows that liquid CO2 would have to be injected to a depth of at lea...tegies is figuring out how to keep droplets of the liquid from rising to 300 meters---the approximate depth at which, depending upon temperature and pressure,...

Superconducting magnet attracts molecular research

...oils that create the magnetic field were bathed in liquid helium to drop the temperature to 2 degrees Kelvin...he magnet uses no power at all, although the large liquid helium tank surrounding the coil needs to be refilled every six weeks or so. Once the magnet ha...

Liquid ventilation

..., the lungs of the foetus are filled with amniotic liquid and, on being born, the first cry activates this r...e University of the Basque Country has developed a liquid respiration respirator. The machine simulates placentary respiration by filling the lungs of the pr...

Great (taste) expectations: Study shows brain anticipates taste, shifts gears

... instance, was to be an anticipatory signal that a liquid subsequently dripped into the mouth would have a very bitter taste. A "zero "cue corresponded with a neutral taste, and a "plus sign" with a pleasant, sugary taste. The cues, according to Nitschke, were flashed to subjects just prior to the administ...

A link is found between morphine addiction and the tendency to explore

...y, the animal is injected only with a placebo (the liquid that was used to dissolve the drug, eg, water and salt) and is placed in the other compartment of the cage. When this has been done several times over the period of a few days, the rat is left free and we observe which of the two compartments it pref...

Some like it hot: Worms at deep-sea vents favor a fiery 45-55°C

... deep-sea thermal vents jet out water that remains liquid at temperatures of up to 350 degrees Celsius (662 degrees Fahrenheit). Because the surrounding seawater is barely above freezing, a steep and variable temperature gradient exists around the thermal vents, making it difficult to measure precisely the ...

Liquid crystals show promise in controlling embryonic stem cells

...vanced Functional Materials, the team reports on a liquid crystal-based cell culture system that promises ne... which they are grown. That force can be read to a liquid crystal. Through simple changes of liquid crystal texture and color, our cell culture system is able...

Stable polymer nanotubes may have a biotech future

...eral weeks of storage, and can be removed from the liquid solution and placed on a dry surface or in a different container. The optical tweezers can be used to custom build nanotube network structures. The work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research. ...

Spray-on skin relieves emotional trauma for child burn victims

...they used the product, called Microskin. The new liquid spray-on skin technology, which binds to the topmost layer of skin, is a world first Australian invention. It is waterproof and sweat-resistant, with one application lasting three to four days. Researchers at the Stuart Pegg Paediatric Burns Centre...

Polymers show promise for lab-on-a-chip technology

Researchers are touting the use of liquid crystalline polymers (LCP) as a viable tool for us... of Material Chemistry. "Based on our research of liquid crystalline polymers, we anticipate the emergence of exciting new techniques in microfabrication tha...

Bubbles go high-tech to fight tumors

...stream of encapsulated superheated perfluorocarbon liquid droplets goes into the body by way of an intravenous injection. The droplets are small enough that they don't lodge in vessels. Doctors image the droplets with standard ultrasound, and once the droplets reach their destination, scientists hit them wi...

Corn waste potentially more than ethanol

... the bacteria colonies were fed the sugary organic liquid obtained from steam exploding of corn stover. The... to cause problems when disposing of the remaining liquid because there is nothing left to oxidize. The process converts all the available energy to electrici...

New egg freezing technique offers hope to hundreds of women

... special vitrification solution, before storing in liquid nitrogen. This process prevents ice crystals forming, which do so much damage to the structure of the egg. Dr Kuwayama froze 111 eggs, of which 94.5% survived freeze-thawing, 90.5% were fertilised using ICSI (intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection), and 5...

Sticky surfaces turn slippery with the flip of a molecular light switch

...ation" -- filtering specific proteins from complex liquid mixtures of biological molecules. But proteins oft...by applying light, offering the ability to control liquid flow in a chip's ultra-tiny channels. And in sensors designed to detect biological agents, the abi...

Even when faint, ovary scent draws sperm cells

... development of a "flow-through" device, a sort of liquid treadmill for sperm cells, which allows researcher...eral movement of sperm as the cells swim through a liquid medium. The device feeds three streams of liquid into a single chamber. Beyond the chamber, flows ...

Study shows pine bark naturally decreases severe chronic venous insufficiency

...wnwards. Ultimately, the inability to prevent the liquid in the blood from seeping into the tissue is what causes edema, a common condition of CVI." Researchers at L'Aquila University in Italy conducted a comparative analysis by supplementing 86 patients with severe CVI with Pycnogenol® and Daflon®. Ea...

Precision biochemistry tracks DNA damage in fish

...ifications to DNA from fish gills and livers using liquid and gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (LC/MS,GC/MS). Precision chemical analysis techniques at NIST allowed the researchers to identify and measure damage to adenine and guanine, specific chemical components or bases of DNA, at extra...

Ring-like formations in drying DNA drops could affect hybridization studies

... DNA became increasingly concentrated and formed a liquid crystal with concentric chain orientations. (Liqui...tresses propagated from the rim inward through the liquid crystal, creating cracks that formed a periodic zigzag pattern." To examine the structure and behav...

Record air pollution above the Arctic

...ute small particles in the atmosphere. They can be liquid or solid and serve as condensation nuclei during cloud formation. It is these properties that lead to aerosols influencing the climate system. „The present air pollution is more than 2.5 fold higher than values measured in spring 2000. As a consequen...

Biological motors sort molecules one by one on a chip

...low microtubule-transport to occur in small closed liquid channels. This made it possible to apply a strong electrical field locally at the Y-junction in the channels. Because of this, the electrical force could be exerted on the individual microtubules. The researchers discovered that by using this electri...

MIT engineers probe spiders' polymer art

...hite, dry spider silk doesn't revert to its former liquid state. What started out as a water-based solution ...ps by a factor of 500 or more. As the resulting liquid exits the abdomen through the spinneret, it has the characteristics of a liquid crystal. It's the ex...