Inner in Biological News

How mitochondria get their membranes bent

... smooth surface they harbor an elaborately folded inner membrane. It holds a multitude of bottleneck like ... of how the pore diameter and the shape of the inner membrane are regulated on a molecular basis is of ... manner that are relevant for governing inner membrane structure. In the current issue of ...

Protecting fresh-cut produce

... and during harvest. Micro-organisms increase in inner and outer leaves of head lettuce with excessive ... highest levels of harpin the day before harvest, inner leaves had 25% higher phenolic content. The ... antioxidants also increased by 40% or more in inner leaves treated with the two highest levels of ...

Scaling the wall of deafness

... mice, showing the importance of microRNAs in the inner ear. "We've found that 'hair' cell microRNAs ... normal development and survival of cells in the inner ear and are necessary for proper hearing," says ... sensory cells, called hair cells located in the inner ear. Responsible for translating sounds to ...

AGU journal highlights: Nov. 11, 2008

... to 0.4 percent of the total ion population in the inner magnetosphere. O 2 + forms through ... that Rhea is a source of neutral oxygen to the inner magnetosphere. Title: Observations of molecular oxygen ions in Saturn's inner magnetosphere Authors: Hilary R. Martens, ...

Genes that control cell death fingered in age-related hearing loss

... age, and changes in the delicate cells in the inner ear that translate a sound into a signal that the ... could rest with any number of cells in the inner ear. The causes are more complicated than in a ... study, looking at genes whose activity in the inner ear differed greatly between normal mice and ...

Want a reason to love your lower belly fat? It's rich in stem cells

... Ill. Fat removed from the lower abdomen and inner thigh through liposuction was found to be an ... liposuctioned were: lower abdomen, upper abdomen, inner knee, inner thigh, flank and hips. The study results found ...

Researchers reveal insights into hidden world of protein folding

... folding takes place out of sight, hidden in the inner cavity of a type of molecule called a chaperonin. ... have begun prying open the lid, literally, on the inner workings of chaperonin molecules by deducing the ... One ring opens to admit the raw protein into the inner recesses of the folding machine, then closes ...

Metagenomics of skin reveals insights into the human microbiome

... region of skin. We focused this study on the inner elbow to inform future clinical studies of the ... Janthinobacterium ) constituted the majority of inner elbow microbiota. Furthermore, this survey ... of mouse skin is comparable to that of the human inner elbow, suggesting a potential model for human ...

Study links low-frequency hearing to shape of the cochlea

... the cochlea the snail-shell-shaped organ in the inner ear that converts sound waves into nerve impulses ... outer end to increasingly flexible toward the inner end as the chambers narrow. The basilar membranes ... like the notes of a piccolo, while those at the inner end of the spiral detect lower-frequency sounds, ...

Researchers visualize complex pigment mixtures in living cells

... to provide important information about the inner workings of cells as they engage in the ... was of higher relative intensity toward the inner rings of the thylakoids. Together, the results ... heterogeneity between thylakoid rings, with the inner thylakoids enriched in photosystem I. Vermaas ...

A screening strategy using zebrafish targets genes that protect against hearing loss

... are functionally similar to those found in the inner ear, except these are on the surface of the fishs ... agents, the sensory structures in the inner ear, called hair cells, can be irreversibly ... larvae to signal how hair cells in a persons inner ear might respond under similar conditions. Hair ...

Female human embryos adjust the balance of X chromosomes before implantation

... off, but it is switched back on in the cells that are going to form the inner cell mass that develops into the foetus. "It is from these cells that ... a form of XCI. While mouse embryos reactivate the X chromosome in the inner cell mass at the blastocyst stage so that the derived embryonic stem cells ...

Beaked, bird-like dinosaur tells story of finger evolution

... the outer two fingers were lost during the course of evolution and the inner three remained. Conversely, embryos of living birds suggest that birds ... that Limusaurus' hand represents a transitional condition in which the inner finger was lost and the other fingers took on the shape of the fingers ...

Young dinosaurs roamed together, died together

... paleontologists that excavated the site in the Gobi Desert in western inner Mongolia. The Sudden sudden death of the herd in a mud trap provides a ... their own," remarked Tan Lin, from the Department of Land and Resources of inner Mongolia. Within an exquisite pair of the skeletons, prepared for ...

Recipe for capturing authentic embryonic stem cells may apply to any mammal, study suggests

... factors and other chemicals. Embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass of blastocysts. Blastocysts are hollow balls of cells that form in early development. The inner cell mass is a cluster of cells inside the blastocyst that goes on to form ...

Stowers Institute's Linheng Li Lab expands understanding of bone marrow stem cell niche

... we were able to confirm our 2003 findings that HSCs tend to home to the inner bone surface," said Yucai Xie, Predoctoral Researcher and co-equal first ... niche actually nurtures HSCs. Surprisingly, we revealed that the inner bone surface forms a special zone that includes both osteoblastic and ...

House Ear Institute, TGen and Belgian researchers identify gene in age-related hearing loss

... loss. It is the overexpression of glutamate that causes damage to the inner and outer hair cells in the inner ear leading to age-related hearing loss. "Finding the genetic causes of ...

Mammals can be stimulated to regrow damaged inner retina nerve cells

... have reported for the first time that mammals can be stimulated to regrow inner nerve cells in their damaged retinas. Located in the back of the eye, the ... studies, the researchers noted, weren't able to detect any regenerated inner retina nerve cells, except when the Mller glia cells were genetically ...

Space researchers developing tool to help disoriented pilots

... in craft movement in the atmosphere and in space and how the human inner ear functions in both environments. The inner ear helps control the sense of orientation. The researchers are putting ...

UCSF Fresno leading-edge study lends hope to emphysema patients

... new pathways in the walls of the natural airways that connect the damaged inner lung tissue and the larger natural air passages. Dr. Peterson said these new passageways may provide a pathway for the trapped air in the inner lung to escape by "bypassing" the collapsing small airways. These new ...

Yale undergrads' Amazon trip yields a treasure trove of diversity

... of 135 endophytes - fungal and bacterial microorganisms living within the inner tissue of plants - by members of the Rain Forest Expedition and Laboratory ... a collection of bioactive endophytes as the 2007 effort. "Clearly the inner tissues of plants are a biological niche for microbial life that warrants ...

September Geology and GSA Today media highlights

... paleoecological record of coral community development from the terrigenous inner shelf of the Great Barrier Reef Chris Perry et al., Dept. of ... and coral community composition from a turbid-zone, nearshore reef on the inner shelf of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, and examines long-term ...

Human embryonic stem cells developed from 4-cell embryo; world first may lessen ethical concerns

... to manipulate. At this early stage important decisions are taken: inner cells will become the foetus (including germ cells) and outer cells will ... the majority of established hESC lines have been derived from the inner cells at the blastocyst stage; these are said to be pluripotent. ...

New book reveals an evolutionary journey of the human body

... of teaching human anatomy into a written voyage of evolution, titled Your inner Fish: A Journey Through the 3.5-Billion-Year History of the Human Body. ... bodies of these creatures are often simpler versions of ours. In Your inner Fish, Shubin, Ph.D., professor and associate dean for organismal and ...

Poor Americans in the United States suffer hidden burden of parasitic and other neglected diseases

... especially among poor and underrepresented minority populations living in inner cities and poor rural areas. Such infections are known as neglected ... by the roundworm Toxocara canis, is now a common parasitic infection among inner city African-American and Hispanic children. Possibly as many as 23% of ...

MIT sculpts 3-D particles with light

... the overall shape, and now what we're doing is controlling these inner labyrinth networks. Adding inner texture is desirable because it increases the particles' surface-to-volume ...

Southern California institutions to collaborate on stem cell research

... and successful functioning of sensory cells and other cell types in the inner ear to restore hearing," says David Lim, M.D., Executive Vice President of ... at HEI have discovered that sensory cell progenitors (stem cells) in the inner ear (cochlea) are supporting cells that may help manipulate hair cell ...

Researchers develop 'brain-reading' methods

... it reaches awareness. With this new window into the brain, scientists now also are provided with the means of developing a more accurate model of the inner functions of the brain. As reported in a forthcoming (Oct. 2009) issue of Psychological Science , the findings obtained by Stephen Jos Hanson, ...

New supercomputer to reel in answers to some of Earth's problems

... have a taste for metals, a talent that can be used to clean up toxic substances in contaminated ground. Researchers use Chinook to understand the inner workings of these bacteria and how they form communities in order to take advantage of their clean-up skills. Green plastics: Industrial chemists ...

Life on Earth came from other planets

... in a growing nebular cloud. When threatened with death, microbes form spores, and can remain dormant for hundreds of millions of years. The inner layers of a nebular cloud and protoplanetary disk also protects against radiation and extreme cold, enabling spores to survive. Numerous ...

Troubled waters: Low Apalachicola River flow may hurt gulf fisheries

... flows over the wide western Florida continental shelf. A number of important reef fish, such as grouper, spawn on the outer shelf edge and use the inner shelf areas as nursery habitat. "This work shows that variations in the river flow can have implications on marine ecosystems over a much broader ...

Sands of Gobi Desert yield new species of nut-cracking dinosaur

... of the Royal Society B . The paleontologists discovered the new dinosaur, which they've named Psittacosaurus gobiensis, in the Gobi Desert of inner Mongolia in 2001, and spent years preparing and studying the specimen. The dinosaur is approximately 110 million years old, dating to the ...

IUPUI study finds living near fast food outlet not a weighty problem for kids

... Bureau of Economic Research's Economic Aspects of Obesity , utilized electronic medical records of visits over 11 years to pediatric clinics in inner city Indianapolis to determine the effects on body mass of environmental changes, such as the opening or closing of a convenience store or the ...

Major breakthrough in early detection and prevention of AMD

... and oxygen to the eye. Central vision loss occurs when these abnormal blood vessels invade the retina, the light-sensitive tissue that lines the inner surface of the eyeball. "Once the vessels invade the retina, the horse has already left the barn," Ambati said. "At that point, drugs can slow ...

Hypertension among lower-status employees lingers well into retirement

... is diagnosed when blood pressure on the artery walls is consistently too high. This condition can eventually damage cells of the arteries' inner lining, leading to angina, heart attack, stroke, aneurysm, kidney failure and other serious health problems. "People's occupations during their ...

City rats loyal to their 'hoods, scientists discover

... like home. Now, a study published this week in the journal Molecular Ecology finds the same is as true for rats as for humans. Although inner city rodents appear to roam freely, most form distinct neighborhoods where they spend the majority of their lives. Like any major city, Baltimore, ...

Genetic factors may predict depression in heart disease patients

... The genes include those related to inflammation; platelet aggregation, or clumping; endothelial function involving the cells that line the inner surface of blood vessels; and omega-3 fatty acid metabolism, which can affect the hardening of the arteries. Following genotyping and statistical ...

Bull's-eye electrode helps interpret thoughts, deliver stimulus to aid paralyzed, epileptic patients

... conventional disk-shaped electrode, the bulls-eye electrode is made up of concentric circles that make it look like a small target. "Imagine an inner tube sitting in a pool of water. The water in the middle of the tube is calm because the ring flattens out the choppy water around it," explained ...

Are you okay to kiss?

... and chop off sugar residues to produce volatile proteins. On the lower layer in the biofilm, which could roughly be compared to one's tongue or inner lining of the mouth, reside the known and established Gram-negative bacteria. Biomarkers, like the ones used by Prof. Rosenberg's new invention, ...

Pliable proteins keep photosynthesis on the light path

... the molecule's center. During photosynthesis, plants have two photosystems that work in tandem: photosystem I and photosystem II. To peer at the inner workings of photosynthesis, the team used a hardy, well-studied, photosynthetic bacterium called Rhodobacter sphaeroides . An organism similar to ...