impairment in Biological News

NYU Langone Medical Center's tip sheet to the International Conference on Alzheimer's Disease 2008

... who didn't progress from mild cognitive impairment over the two-year period. This preliminary study ... predict which individuals with mild cognitive impairment are at the highest risk for developing ... clinically noticeable stages of mild cognitive impairment that normally precede Alzheimer's disease. The ...

Portable device quickly detects early Alzheimer's

... at a doctors office to detect mild cognitive impairment (MCI) often the earliest stage of Alzheimers. ... are given only after there is obvious cognitive impairment such as forgetfulness or unsafe behavior. ... With this device, we might be able to pick up impairment well before those serious symptoms occur and ...

Low oxygen in coastal waters impairs fish reproduction

... of estuarine fish has experienced reproductive impairment through hypoxia, said Thomas, professor of marine ... We rarely find such a dramatic reproductive impairment in both male and female fish collected from ... He is also pursuing similar work on reproductive impairment in croaker from hypoxic waters surrounding the ...

A 'heart healthy' diet and ongoing, moderate physical activity may protect against cognitive decline

... Cognition; Long-Term Strenuous Activity May Increase Risk of Cognitive impairment Long-term strenuous physical activity has been shown to decrease ... that long-term strenuous activity may increase the risk of cognitive impairment in recently postmenopausal women," Tierney said. "On the other hand, ...

New insights into progressive hearing loss

... Dr Moreno-Pelayo. "This is the first microRNA gene associated with hearing impairment and, remarkably, it is the first to be associated with an inherited ... by the age of ten, one in 500 children has suffered significant hearing impairment and the majority of over-70s are affected. The same genes have often been ...

ChemoBrain: How cancer therapies can affect your mind

... symptom ranges from fatigue and memory loss to serious learning impairment due to possible brain damage. In CHEMOBRAIN: HOW CANCER THERAPIES CAN ... potential solutions. "We will learn more about the causes of cognitive impairment soon, asking future patient generations to invest less of their quality of ...

Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 -- a potential link between heart failure and diabetes

... end systolic LV dimensions, depressed fractional shortening, a greater impairment of LV segmental function, and greater transmitral E-wave amplitude. ... of increased PAI-1 expression in the heart predisposing to fibrosis and impairment performance of the left ventricle." Dr. Steven R. Goodman, ...

Promising new drug being evaluated as possible treatment option for fragile X syndrome

... Fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited cause of mental impairment and the most common known cause of autism. Fragile X affects 1 in 4000 ... will also be carriers. Symptoms of Fragile X syndrome include mental impairment such as learning disabilities, attention deficit, hyperactivity, ...

Synaptics Reports Record Results for First Quarter of Fiscal 2009

... Gain on settlement of debt - 2,689 impairment of investment - (4,000) Income ... of tax - (2,078) impairment of investment, net of tax - ...

UCR researchers propose minocycline as a promising drug for patients with Fragile X syndrome

... to treat Fragile X syndrome , the most common inherited cause of mental impairment and the most common cause of autism. The study's findings have already ... UCR-led study "will go a long way towards dispelling the idea that mental impairment cannot be treated." "The work could lead to the first treatment that ...

Simulation reveals how body repairs balance after damage

... through electrical signals in the muscles) are changed by sensory impairment similar to the numbing of feet experienced by diabetes patients and how ... with simulated muscles. They predict that the simulation could recognize impairment and pinpoint the optimum recovery points for each sensory-impaired subject ...

Results from trials of DHA in Alzheimer's disease and age-related cognitive decline

... The finding requires further study for confirmation." "One of the issues raised by this study and other recent Alzheimer's and mild cognitive impairment therapy trials concerns a possible interaction between certain therapies and genetic status. This issue needs to be explored more completely in ...

Dioxins in food chain linked to breastfeeding ills

... in fatty tissues; natural elimination takes place very slowly. The typical human exposure is a daily low dose, which has been linked to possible impairment of the immune system and developing organs. In 2004 Lawrence's laboratory made the novel discovery that dioxin impairs the normal development of ...

Protein linked to mental retardation controls synapse maturation, plasticity, CSHL team finds

... Van Aelst clarifies, that "defective OPHN1 signaling results in destabilization of synaptic AMPA receptors and dendritic spine structure, leading to impairment in synaptic plasticity and eventually loss of spines and NMDA receptors." This chain of events has been observed definitively in rats. The ...

Is vitamin D deficiency linked to Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia?

... reduced risk of incidence or death from cardiovascular diseases. Several studies have correlated tooth loss with development of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia. There are two primary ways that people lose teeth: dental caries and periodontal disease. Both ...

Neuroscientists discover long-term potentiation in the olfactory bulb

... cells have unusual properties that may help the brain maintain memories of smells and also opened a new approach to understanding the basis of memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease. That study was published in the March 16, 2006 issue of the journal Neuron. This study was funded by the National ...

New study overturns orthodoxy on how macrophages kill bacteria

... of the cytoplasm. Moreover, strains lacking SodC were impaired only in the presence of superoxide produced in macrophages; there was no impairment in laboratory media or in mice lacking the ability to make superoxide. This suggests that the superoxide and other reactive oxygen species are not ...

Stem cell therapy makes cloudy corneas clear, according to Pitt researchers

... and appears online today. The findings suggest that cell-based therapies might be an effective way to treat human corneal blindness and vision impairment due to the scarring that occurs after infection, trauma and other common eye problems, said senior investigator James L. Funderburgh, Ph.D., ...

Biomedical engineering student recognized as IEEE's 'New Face of Engineering'

... 2009) -- Guruprasad Madhavan is working on neuromuscular stimulation approaches that may help prevent osteoporosis, heart failure and mild cognitive impairment -- all related to low blood pressure. Madhavan's research is a major reason why he was selected the IEEE/IEEE-USA's 2009 "New Face of ....

Acorda Therapeutics submits new drug application for Fampridine-SR in multiple sclerosis

... is a major milestone for Acorda and our Fampridine-SR development program," said Acorda Therapeutics President and CEO Ron Cohen, M.D. "Walking impairment is one of the most pervasive and alarming aspects of MS for patients, their families and their health care providers. There are no medicines ...

TGen and ASU researchers find drug that could reduce risk of Alzheimer's

... said Dr. Matthew Huentelman, an Investigator in TGen's Neurogenomics Division. Clinical trials are being explored in the areas of cognitive impairment and dementia, said Huentelman, the scientific paper's first author. Although far from proving anything about human use of the drug, the findings ...

Entrust Announces Financial Results for Fourth-Quarter and Fiscal 2008

... amortization of purchase product rights and other purchased intangibles, write-down of long-term assets and non recurring restructuring and impairment charges, as well as adjusting for currency effects to maintain a constant currency with the prior year's results. The non-GAAP financial ...

CSHL scientists clarify editing error underlying genetic neurodegenerative disease

... early childhood, PCH is characterized by the slow wasting away of certain parts of the brain, resulting in abnormal brain function and cognitive impairment characteristic of mental retardation. Although scientists have known about the gene mutation that causes the disease, they haven't been able to ...

Inflammation worsens danger due to atherosclerosis

... plaque rupture. The data from Ovchinnikova et al suggest "a novel mechanism by which adaptive immunity can modulate plaque stability - impairment of collagen maturation by T cell-dependent inflammation." These studies help unraveling the cause of myocardial infarction and stroke, and provide ...

Researchers describe protease inhibitor that may aid in diabetic retinopathy treatment

... vascular permeability is a characteristic finding in diabetic retinopathy and a primary cause of diabetic macular edema, a leading cause of visual impairment associated with diabetes. Hypertension is a known risk factor for the development of retinopathy. ASP-440 was also found to be effective in lowering ...

Nearly a century later, new findings support Warburg theory of cancer

... World War I cavalry officer and pioneering biochemist, Warburg first proposed in 1924 that the prime cause of cancer was injury to a cell caused by impairment to a cell's power plant or energy metabolism found in its mitochondria. In contrast to healthy cells, which generate energy by the oxidative ...

In lung cancer, silencing one crucial gene disrupts normal functioning of genome

... researchers has discovered what they say is a surprising new mechanism. They say that "silencing" of a single gene in lung cancer led to a general impairment in genome-wide changes in cells, contributing to cancer development and progression. In the January 1, 2009, issue of Cancer Research , a journal ...

House Ear Institute, TGen and Belgian researchers identify gene in age-related hearing loss

... could lead to treatments that would bring relief to millions of people worldwide who now suffer from social isolation, depression and even cognitive impairment as a result of not being able to properly understand what others are saying,'' said Dr. Matthew Huentelman, an investigator in TGen's Neurogenomics ...

Exercise increases brain growth factor and receptors, prevents stem cell drop in middle age

... a process called neurogenesis. There is evidence that when fewer new stem or progenitor cells are produced in the hippocampus, it can result in impairment of the learning and memory functions. The hippocampus plays an important role in memory and learning. The study, "Exercise enhances the ...

The Rett Syndrome Research Trust launches operations

... trials within five years. Rett Syndrome is the most physically disabling of the autism spectrum disorders and the leading cause of severe genetic impairment in females, with an estimated 30,000 individuals afflicted. At this time the number of children born with other MECP2 spectrum disorders remains ...

Researchers discover that growing up too fast may mean dying young in honey bees

... tissues. The diurnal upregulation of antioxidants and antioxidation capacity in flight muscle disappeared with age, which may explain the impairment of flight muscle mitochondrial function (elevated H2O2 production and reduced aconitase Vmax) and flight capacity observed in foragers. ...

Rhode Island Hospital study finds link between obesity, type 2 diabetes and neurodegeneration

... the condition. The findings suggest that strategies to reduce obesity and prevent or control T2DM could modify the clinical course of mild cognitive impairment and AD. De la Monte also notes, "We don't know yet if these effects of T2DM/obesity are reversible with weight loss. However, we're fairly sure ...

Brain tweak lets sleep-deprived flies stay sharp

... is linked to some of the mental capabilities harmed by sleep loss. Researchers decided to test if this messenger could be used to block learning impairment in sleep-deprived flies. Seugnet genetically altered a line of flies so they made more copies of a dopamine receptor in brain regions known as the ...

Drug reverses mental retardation caused by genetic disorder

... retardation can be reversed, even in the adult brain." "These findings challenge the theory that abnormal brain development is to blame for mental impairment in tuberous sclerosis," added first author Dan Ehninger, postgraduate researcher in neurobiology. "Our research shows that the disease's learning ...

Learning and the brain

... long-term measurable benefits and are most beneficial when implemented from birth. Education offers protection against late life cognitive impairment such as Alzheimers disease. Adjusting the school day to be more in accord with the sleep-wake cycles of children and young adults has been ...

NJIT start-up company NeuroTrax named best in show

... way for physicians to track the patients progress over time. The interactive software program had initially focused on discovering mild cognitive impairment and the early detection of Alzheimers disease. The software program can also be used for early detection of Parkinsons disease, attention deficit ...

1/3 of risk for dementia attributable to small vessel disease, autopsy study shows

... African American and Hispanic, with a range of educational and professional levels. During this 12-year period, some participants suffered cognitive impairment and dementia, while others did not. Roughly a third of all participants died, and autopsies were performed on the 221 who had given permission for ...

Hybridization partially restores vision in cavefish, NYU study finds

... in northeast Mexico. Blind for millennia, these fish evolved from eyed, surface fish. The researchers genetic analysis showed that the evolutionary impairment of eye development, as well as the loss of pigmentation and other cave-related changes, resulted from mutations at multiple gene sites. In order ...

Vitamin B-12 function may be diminished by excessive folate

... and co-authors Martha Savaria Morris, Ph.D., and Paul Jacques, D.Sc, also of the USDA HNRCA, have shown that the prevalence of anemia and cognitive impairment among U.S. elderly who are vitamin B12 deficient is much worse if this B12 deficiency is also accompanied by high blood folate rather than normal ...

New clinical data shows chromium picolinate improves cognitive function

... groups did not differ significantly with respect to age (73 versus 69 years), educational level (15.7 versus 15 years), stage and extent of memory impairment (Clinical Dementia Rating sum boxes score, 1.0 versus 0.85) or level of mood disturbance (Profile of Mood States total score, 18.4 versus 16.9). ...