Hormone in Biological News

Plastics chemical retards growth, function of adult reproductive cells

... hours of exposure to BPA. The drop in steroid hormone production was quite dramatic. After 120 hours in ... still considerable dampening effect on steroid hormone levels. And at 120 hours, follicle cells grown in ... if BPA is affecting follicle growth and steroid hormone levels," she said. If it is, that might help ...

Hormone clue to root growth

... of Nottingham, has shed light on how a plant hormone is crucial in controlling the growth of plant ... their size. It is already known that the plant hormone gibberellin controls how root cells elongate as ... Biology describes for first time how this hormone also regulates the number of cells in the root in ...

Triggering muscle development -- a therapeutic cure for muscle wastage?

... have shown that if elderly men were given growth hormone and exercised their legs showed an appreciable ... exercise, muscles need to be stimulated by growth hormone (GH) in order to release MGF. Since there is a natural decrease in the levels of this hormone as we age, this may combine with the lack of ...

Stress puts double whammy on reproductive system, fertility

... body's main sex hormone, gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), and subsequently suppresses sperm count, ... also increases brain levels of a reproductive hormone named gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone, or GnIH, ... in rats and inferences from the effects of the hormone in birds. But if this new ...

Fatty foods -- not empty stomach -- fire up hunger hormone

... of Cincinnati (UC) suggests that the hunger hormone ghrelin is activated by fats from the foods we ... the journal Nature Medicine . Ghrelin is a hormone that was believed to accumulate during periods of ... in animal models and humans. The ghrelin hormone is unique in that it requires acylation (the ...

Shatter-resistant brassicas

... in some cases. "By artificially producing a hormone in a specific region of the fruit, we have ... The scientists discovered that the absence of the hormone auxin in a layer of cells in the fruit is ... regions. This is the first time that removal of a hormone has been found to be important for cell fate and ...

Skip this cocktail party

... are neurotoxicants known to disrupt the thyroid hormone system. The study also quantifies concentrations ... in mammals. This protein plays a role in thyroid hormone transport throughout the brain, though its exact role is not known. Thyroid hormone plays a key role in the development of the brain, ...

Oral contraceptives impair muscle gains in young women

... in young women, and is associated with lower hormone levels. The findings are contained in a new ... (muscle building) and catabolic (muscle breaking) hormone levels in blood. Resting and fasting blood ... elevated. those OC users had reduced DHEA hormone at the end of the training period. By contrast, ...

Oral contraceptives impair muscle gains in young women

... in young women, and is associated with lower hormone levels. The findings are contained in a new ... (muscle building) and catabolic (muscle breaking) hormone levels in blood. Resting and fasting blood ... elevated. those OC users had reduced DHEA hormone at the end of the training period. By contrast, ...

New link in liver cancer

... Liver cells rely on signals triggered by growth hormone to survive and multiplyfunctions that go haywire in cancer. Normally, growth hormone works by activating a signaling network inside ... Without STAT5, TGFbeta levels soared, and growth hormone activated a related protein, STAT3, which is ...

Fireflies and jellyfish help illuminate quest for cause of infertility

... genes to illuminate cells that produce a hormone linked to conditions, which include rheumatoid ... will help scientists track the production of the hormone prolactin, which is crucial in ensuring supplies ... where prolactin is expressed to look at how the hormone works in real time. Sabrina Semprini, whose ...

Understanding natural crop defenses

... to switch on the synthesis of the plant growth hormone auxin reduces the plant's responsiveness to the hormone jasmonic acid, which orchestrates the synthesis ... neighbors, plants start producing the growth hormone auxin and transport it to their stems, where it ...

Execretion analysis aids primate social studies

... A second advance provided methods to extract hormone breakdown products from excreted feces and urine. ... for elevated levels of glucocorticoid stress hormone in the feces of female baboons that had lost a ... go so well." Her research group's own DNA and hormone sampling at a baboon population in Kenya has ...

Internationally acclaimed researcher joins UH faculty thanks to $5.5 million grant

... of proteins found in cell nuclei that capture hormone molecules and interact with and control the ... cell's nucleus has a cavity shaped just so that a hormone molecule can fit inside. Once wedded to the ... outer surface changes, depending upon the type of hormone housed within. Then, other proteins recognize the ...

Pregnancy hormone predicts postpartum depression

... Irvine, Calif. Women who have higher levels of a hormone produced by the placenta midway through pregnancy ... women whose levels of corticotrophin-releasing hormone started to increase more rapidly around 25 weeks ... in very small amounts by the hypothalamus, this hormone regulates the body's response to stress. During ...

Smoking during pregnancy may impair thyroid function of mom and fetus

... associated with changes in the mothers' thyroid hormone levels." Optimal maternal thyroid function ... Vaidya and his colleagues also measured thyroid hormone levels in the umbilical cord of babies born to ... stopped smoking during pregnancy their thyroid hormone levels were comparable to levels found in ...

Protein that regulates hormones critical to women's health found in pituitary

... for women's health, in which rising and falling hormone levels play a key role in many biological ... Syt IV doesn't trigger neurotransmitter or hormone release. "It does not simply translate a calcium signal into a command for hormone release," says Jackson. "Unlike other ...

Root system architecture arises from coupling cell shape to auxin transport

... roots branch from it because shape determines hormone concentration. The work also suggests that the ... auxin, and by following the diffusion of this hormone they reveal that its accumulation leads to the ... is then amplified by feedback responses from the hormone transport system. Surprisingly, this new model ...

Leptin's long-distance call to the pancreas

... release. As Hinoi et al. show, the fat-derived hormone enlists the sympathetic nervous system to prevent ... leptin is one of the good guys. Mice lacking the hormone become corpulent, and their sky-high insulin ... nervous system. The team thus tested whether the hormone relied on the sympathetic nervous system, the ...

Miscarriage and infertility treatment increase pre-eclampsia risk

... Repeated miscarriages and hormone treatment for infertility give an increased risk ... pre-eclampsia. Women who became pregnant after hormone treatment to stimulate ovulation had a doubled ... was not linked to an increased risk, even though hormone stimulation is part of the procedure. Different ...

Vitamin D deficiency in infants and nursing mothers carries long-term disease risks

... a role in promoting bone health, but as a complex hormone that helps to regulate immune system function. ... type I diabetes, and cancer. "Vitamin D is a hormone not a vitamin and it is not just for kids ... society. Vitamin D is now recognized as a pivotal hormone in the human immune system, a role far beyond the ...

Root system architecture arises from coupling cell shape to auxin transport

... roots branch from it because shape determines hormone concentration. The work also suggests that the ... auxin, and by following the diffusion of this hormone they reveal that its accumulation leads to the ... is then amplified by feedback responses from the hormone transport system. Surprisingly, this new model ...

Apelin hormone injections powerfully lower blood sugar

... By injecting a hormone produced by fat and other tissues into mice, ... and obese mice. The findings suggest that the hormone known as apelin might be a promising target for ... apelin treatment in the mice to see if the hormone can ward of obesity and insulin resistance in the ...

Birth control has long-term effect on hormone exposure

... yet understand the precise mechanism by which hormone levels are being affected, they do know that both ... for seven years in a study designed to look at hormone effects on many aspects of female health. ... groups to evaluate the effects of soy on hormone metabolism. Urine samples were collected from ...

6 environmental research studies reveal critical health risks from plastic

... that can block the production of the male sex hormone testosterone (phthalates used in PVC plastic), mimic the action of the sex hormone estrogen (bisphenol A or BPA used in polycarbonate plastic), and interfere with thyroid hormone (brominated flame retardants or PBDEs used in ...

8 National Medals of Science awardees to be honored at gala, then the White House

... work on the molecular mechanisms of steroid hormone action and hormone receptors and coactivators, which has had a ... regulate gene expression and defined steroid hormone receptors as transcription factors. Prior to ...

Biologists identify genes controlling rhythmic plant growth

... plants optimize their growth by synchronizing hormone signaling with the environment," said ... around the Arabidopsis genome that deal with hormone biosynthesis, hormone signaling ...

New master switch found in the brain that regulates appetite and reproduction

... brain of how well fed the body is. The primary hormone that performs that function is leptin, which ... to eat more at the moment," Montminy says. The hormone also is known to play a role in reproduction - ... low, usually during sleep. During the day, the hormone insulin normally shuts down TORC2, ensuring that ...

Why a common treatment for prostate cancer ultimately fails

... that has bedeviled patients for decades. hormone therapy, a common treatment for men with advanced ... advanced prostate cancer, who typically receive hormone therapy after other treatments such as surgery or radiation. With hormone therapy, physicians blunt the effects of male ...

Gene's newly explained effect on height may change tumor disorder treatment

... a childhood tumor syndrome also impairs growth hormone secretion, researchers at Washington University ... small in these mice. The amount of a second hormone that triggers growth hormone release was also greatly reduced. "We wanted ...

Structural biology spin-out tackles major diseases

... experiments involved fusing different elements of hormone and receptor in order to treat a growth disorders ... of the type known as cytokine hormones - growth hormone for example - circulate in the blood and are ... means that we can see the interaction between the hormone and the binding protein in exquisite detail. Our ...

Prostate cancer vaccines more effective with hormone therapy

... prostate cancer, the addition of hormone therapy following vaccine treatment improved ... treatment alone or when the vaccine followed hormone treatment, according to recent data published in ... prostate-specific antigen vaccine or hormone therapy with nilutamide. At progression, patients ...

Growth hormone's link to starvation may be clue to increasing life span, researchers find

... that starvation blocks the effects of growth hormone via a mechanism that may have implications in ... found that during fasting, the actions of growth hormone are blocked by a fat-burning hormone called FGF21. "It's something that we hadn't ...

High hormone levels in seabird chicks prepare them to kill their siblings

... of survival. According to the study, the high hormone levels also cause the surviving chicks to behave ... experience the high level of aggression-related hormone during a "sensitive period" in their growth, when ... Nazca booby chicks have aggression-related hormone levels three times as high as their less ...

Scientists find potential protein biomarkers for growth hormone

... reliable way to detect recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), which some athletes and teenagers use ... injected six 6-month-old male mice with growth hormone for seven days. They studied blood samples from ... proteins could be viable biomarkers for growth hormone activity in humans as well. "In mice we can ...

Disabling mouse enzyme increases fertility

... May 16, 2008 Changing the sugars attached to a hormone produced in the pituitary gland increased ... someday alter the sugars that are added to this hormone or others like it," says the group's leader, ... the enzymes that attaches sugars to luteinizing hormone in mice. This enzyme isn't the only one to add ...

Pathway found that lets mosquitoes fatten up, slow down for winter

... suppressed in the presence of insulin. The hormone insulin regulates blood sugar and body fat ... state, he said. At this stage, they produce a hormone called juvenile hormone, which implies another ... pathway at the end of diapause that enables this hormone production. ...

New study finds anticipating a laugh reduces our stress hormones

... that alleviates depression) and human growth hormone (HGH; which helps with immunity) increased by 27 ... control group). Chronically released high stress hormone levels can weaken the immune system. The ... is entitled Cortisol and Catecholamine Stress hormone Decrease Is Associated with the Behavior of ...

Ski tourism stressing capercaillie

... levels of the breakdown products of the stress hormone corticosterone. They found that levels of the breakdown products of the stress hormone were significantly higher in birds living in ... Ski tourism affects both habitat use and stress hormone levels in capercaillie, and this could adversely ...

Human hormone blocker found to help prevent obesity and diabetes: study

... and reversing diabetes in an animal model. The hormone is gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptor blockade. Background GIP is a peptide hormone that is secreted in response to food. It inhibits ... measure cholesterol, triglycerides, glucagon (the hormone involved in metabolizing carbohydrate), ...